Abstract
We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the recA gene of Escherichia coli; this permits the formulation of the primary structure for the recA protein. This structure is consistent with the amino acid composition of the tryptic peptides obtained from the recA protein. The coding region of the recA gene has 1059 base pairs, which specify 352 amino acids. The recA protein has alanine and phenylalanine as its NH2- and COOH-terminal amino acids, respectively, and has the following amino acid composition: Cys3 Asp20 Asn15 Met9 Thr17 Ser20 Glu30 Gln13 Pro10 Gly35 Ala38 Val22 Ile27 Leu31 Tyr7 Phe10 His2Lys27 Trp2 Arg14. Of the three cysteine residues, only two can be alkylated under reducing and denaturing conditions. The molecular weight of the recA polypeptide is 37,842.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Cassuto E., Mursalim J., Howard-Flanders P. Homology-dependent cutting in trans of DNA in extracts of Escherichia coli: an approach to the enzymology of genetic recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Feb;75(2):620–624. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.2.620. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chou P. Y., Fasman G. D. Conformational parameters for amino acids in helical, beta-sheet, and random coil regions calculated from proteins. Biochemistry. 1974 Jan 15;13(2):211–222. doi: 10.1021/bi00699a001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cunningham R. P., Shibata T., DasGupta C., Radding C. M. Single strands induce recA protein to unwind duplex DNA for homologous pairing. Nature. 1979 Sep 20;281(5728):191–195. doi: 10.1038/281191a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dykes G., Bambara R., Marians K., Wu R. On the statistical significance of primary structural features found in DNA-protein interaction sites. Nucleic Acids Res. 1975 Mar;2(3):327–345. doi: 10.1093/nar/2.3.327. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Emmerson P. T., Northrop F. D., Walker J. E., West S. C. Amino terminal sequence of the recA protein of Escherichia coli. FEBS Lett. 1979 Oct 15;106(2):349–351. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80530-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gudas L. J., Pardee A. B. DNA synthesis inhibition and the induction of protein X in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1976 Mar 15;101(4):459–477. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90240-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HIRS C. H. The oxidation of ribonuclease with performic acid. J Biol Chem. 1956 Apr;219(2):611–621. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Horii T., Ogawa T., Ogawa H. Organization of the recA gene of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jan;77(1):313–317. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.1.313. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kiss A., Sain B., Venetianer P. The number of rRNA genes in Escherichia coli. FEBS Lett. 1977 Jul 1;79(1):77–79. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80354-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maat J., Smith A. J. A method for sequencing restriction fragments with dideoxynucleoside triphosphates. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Dec;5(12):4537–4545. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.12.4537. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. A new method for sequencing DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Feb;74(2):560–564. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.2.560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McEntee K., Weinstock G. M., Lehman I. R. Initiation of general recombination catalyzed in vitro by the recA protein of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jun;76(6):2615–2619. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.6.2615. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ogata R. T., Gilbert W. An amino-terminal fragment of lac repressor binds specifically to lac operator. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Dec;75(12):5851–5854. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.12.5851. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ogawa T., Wabiko H., Tsurimoto T., Horii T., Masukata H., Ogawa H. Characteristics of purified recA protein and the regulation of its synthesis in vivo. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1979;43(Pt 2):909–915. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1979.043.01.099. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pabo C. O., Sauer R. T., Sturtevant J. M., Ptashne M. The lambda repressor contains two domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Apr;76(4):1608–1612. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.4.1608. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pacelli L. Z., Edmiston S. H., Mount D. W. Isolation and characterization of amber mutations in the lexA gene of Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1979 Jan;137(1):568–573. doi: 10.1128/jb.137.1.568-573.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pettijohn D. E., Clarkson K., Kossman C. R., Stonington O. G. Synthesis of ribosomal RNA on a protein-DNA complex isolated from bacteria: a comparison of ribosomal RNA synthesis in vitro and in vivo. J Mol Biol. 1970 Sep 14;52(2):281–300. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90031-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pribnow D. Bacteriophage T7 early promoters: nucleotide sequences of two RNA polymerase binding sites. J Mol Biol. 1975 Dec 15;99(3):419–443. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80136-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reed R. R., Young R. A., Steitz J. A., Grindley N. D., Guyer M. S. Transposition of the Escherichia coli insertion element gamma generates a five-base-pair repeat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Oct;76(10):4882–4886. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.10.4882. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roberts J. W., Roberts C. W., Craig N. L. Escherichia coli recA gene product inactivates phage lambda repressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Oct;75(10):4714–4718. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.10.4714. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roberts J. W., Roberts C. W., Craig N. L., Phizicky E. M. Activity of the Escherichia coli recA-gene product. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1979;43(Pt 2):917–920. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1979.043.01.100. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rupp W. D., Wilde C. E., 3rd, Reno D. L., Howard-Flanders P. Exchanges between DNA strands in ultraviolet-irradiated Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1971 Oct 14;61(1):25–44. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(71)90204-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sancar A., Rupp W. D. Physical map of the recA gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jul;76(7):3144–3148. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.7.3144. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanger F., Coulson A. R. The use of thin acrylamide gels for DNA sequencing. FEBS Lett. 1978 Mar 1;87(1):107–110. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80145-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scherer G. Nucleotide sequence of the O gene and of the origin of replication in bacteriophage lambda DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Sep;5(9):3141–3156. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.9.3141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shibata T., DasGupta C., Cunningham R. P., Radding C. M. Purified Escherichia coli recA protein catalyzes homologous pairing of superhelical DNA and single-stranded fragments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Apr;76(4):1638–1642. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.4.1638. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shine J., Dalgarno L. The 3'-terminal sequence of Escherichia coli 16S ribosomal RNA: complementarity to nonsense triplets and ribosome binding sites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Apr;71(4):1342–1346. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.4.1342. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiner A. M., Platt T., Weber K. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of proteins purified on a nanomole scale by gel electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1972 May 25;247(10):3242–3251. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weinstock G. M., McEntee K., Lehman I. R. ATP-dependent renaturation of DNA catalyzed by the recA protein of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jan;76(1):126–130. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.1.126. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Williams K. R., Konigsberg W. Structural changes in the T4 gene 32 protein induced by DNA polynucleotides. J Biol Chem. 1978 Apr 10;253(7):2463–2470. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Witkin E. M. Ultraviolet mutagenesis and inducible DNA repair in Escherichia coli. Bacteriol Rev. 1976 Dec;40(4):869–907. doi: 10.1128/br.40.4.869-907.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Worcel A., Burgi E. Properties of a membrane-attached form of the folded chromosome of Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1974 Jan 5;82(1):91–105. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90576-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]