Abstract
The coat protein of coliphage M13 spans the host cell cytoplasmic membrane prior to its assembly into extruding virus. It is made as a soluble cytoplasmic precursor, termed "procoat," with 23 extra amino acid residues at the NH2 terminus. Procoat binds to the cell membrane and is converted proteolytically to coat protein. When the electrochemical gradient of an infected cell is rapidly dissipated by uncouplers, procoat still binds to the plasma membrane but is not converted to coat. We report here that membrane-bound procoat is only detected at the inner face of the cytoplasmic membrane and that uncouplers prevent it from integrating into a transmembrane conformation.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Asbeck F., Beyreuther K., Köhler H., von Wettstein G., Braunitzer G. Virusproteine, IV. Die Konstitution des Hüllproteins des Phagen fd. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1969 Sep;350(9):1047–1066. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chang C. N., Blobel G., Model P. Detection of prokaryotic signal peptidase in an Escherichia coli membrane fraction: endoproteolytic cleavage of nascent f1 pre-coat protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jan;75(1):361–365. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.1.361. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chang C. N., Model P., Blobel G. Membrane biogenesis: cotranslational integration of the bacteriophage f1 coat protein into an Escherichia coli membrane fraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Mar;76(3):1251–1255. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.3.1251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Date T., Zwizinski C., Ludmerer S., Wickner W. Mechanisms of membrane assembly: effects of energy poisons on the conversion of soluble M13 coliphage procoat to membrane-bound coat protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Feb;77(2):827–831. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.2.827. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Futai M. Orientation of membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli prepared by different procedures. J Membr Biol. 1974;15(1):15–28. doi: 10.1007/BF01870079. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ito K., Date T., Wickner W. Synthesis, assembly into the cytoplasmic membrane, and proteolytic processing of the precursor of coliphage M13 coat protein. J Biol Chem. 1980 Mar 10;255(5):2123–2130. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ito K., Mandel G., Wickner W. Soluble precursor of an integral membrane protein: synthesis of procoat protein in Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage M13. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Mar;76(3):1199–1203. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.3.1199. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mandel G., Wickner W. Translational and post-translational cleavage of M13 procoat protein: extracts of both the cytoplasmic and outer membranes of Escherichia coli contain leader peptidase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jan;76(1):236–240. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.1.236. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nakashima Y., Konigsberg W. Reinvestigation of a region of the fd bacteriophage coat protein sequence. J Mol Biol. 1974 Sep 25;88(3):598–600. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90410-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roy A., Mitra S. Increased fragility of Escherichia coli after infection with bacteriophage M13. J Virol. 1970 Sep;6(3):333–339. doi: 10.1128/jvi.6.3.333-339.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sugimoto K., Sugisaki H., Okamoto T., Takanami M. Studies on bacteriophage fd DNA. IV. The sequence of messenger RNA for the major coat protein gene. J Mol Biol. 1977 Apr 25;111(4):487–507. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(77)80065-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiner J. H. The localization of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli. J Membr Biol. 1974;15(1):1–14. doi: 10.1007/BF01870078. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wickner W. Asymmetric orientation of a phage coat protein in cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Dec;72(12):4749–4753. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.12.4749. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wickner W. Asymmetric orientation of phage M13 coat protein in Escherichia coli cytoplasmic membranes and in synthetic lipid vesicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Apr;73(4):1159–1163. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.4.1159. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wickner W., Mandel G., Zwizinski C., Bates M., Killick T. Synthesis of phage M13 coat protein and its assembly into membranes in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Apr;75(4):1754–1758. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.4.1754. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wickner W. The assembly of proteins into biological membranes: The membrane trigger hypothesis. Annu Rev Biochem. 1979;48:23–45. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.48.070179.000323. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Woolford J. L., Jr, Webster R. E. Proteolytic digestion of the micellar complex of f1 coat protein and deoxycholate. J Biol Chem. 1975 Jun 10;250(11):4333–4339. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]