Table 1.
Characteristics across quartiles of waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among men and women in the NIH-AARP Diet and health Study (n = 218,854)1
| Characteristic | WHR quartiles among men (median) (n = 132,288) | WHR quartiles among women (median) (n = 86,566) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| 1 (0.88) | 2 (0.93) | 3 (0.96) | 4 (1.02) | 1 (0.73) | 2 (0.78) | 3 (0.83) | 4 (0.90) | |
| Number (%) | 33,070 (25.0) | 33,089 (25.0) | 33,092 (25) | 33,037 (25.0) | 21,704 (25.1) | 21,689 (25.1) | 21,567 (24.9) | 21,606 (25.0) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 62.8 (5.3) | 63.3 (5.2) | 63.5 (5.2) | 63.2 (5.2) | 61.7 (5.4) | 62.6 (5.3) | 63.1 (5.2) | 63.5 (5.2) |
| Height (m), mean (SD) | 1.78 (0.1) | 1.78 (0.1) | 1.78 (0.1) | 1.78 (0.1) | 1.63 (0.1) | 1.64 (0.1) | 1.63 (0.1) | 1.63 (0.1) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic white, % | 93.2 | 95.3 | 95.8 | 96.5 | 93.9 | 93.6 | 93.3 | 93.1 |
| Non-Hispanic black, % | 2.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 4.1 |
| Hispanic, % | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.6 |
| Other, % | 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| Education | ||||||||
| High school or less, % | 15.4 | 16.3 | 17.8 | 20.4 | 23.2 | 25.5 | 29.0 | 31.9 |
| Post high school, % | 8.8 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 10.9 | 10.0 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 11.9 |
| Some college, % | 21.3 | 21.6 | 22.5 | 24.0 | 26.6 | 26.2 | 25.9 | 25.5 |
| College and post graduate, % | 54.5 | 53.1 | 50.2 | 44.7 | 40.2 | 37.5 | 33.7 | 30.7 |
| Smoking | ||||||||
| Never smoked, % | 36.2 | 33.7 | 30.9 | 25.9 | 50.5 | 47.1 | 45.7 | 42.0 |
| Former ≤ 20 cigarettes/day, % | 30.4 | 30.5 | 30.1 | 27.7 | 27.4 | 27.6 | 26.8 | 26.0 |
| Former > 20 cigarettes/day, % | 23.0 | 26.2 | 29.1 | 34.6 | 8.9 | 11.1 | 12.6 | 15.0 |
| Current ≤ 20 cigarettes/day, % | 6.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 11.3 |
| Current > 20 cigarettes/day, % | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 5.9 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 5.7 |
| Vigorous physical activity | ||||||||
| Never, % | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 6.2 |
| Rarely, % | 7.2 | 8.3 | 9.9 | 13.1 | 10.7 | 12.7 | 14.8 | 18.5 |
| 1–3 time/month, % | 10.1 | 11.2 | 12.5 | 15.0 | 12.0 | 12.8 | 14.6 | 14.8 |
| 1–2 times/week, % | 20.1 | 21.7 | 22.9 | 23.4 | 20.6 | 22.1 | 21.7 | 21.9 |
| 3–4 times/week, % | 32.3 | 31.5 | 30.2 | 26.8 | 30.6 | 29.1 | 27.4 | 24.1 |
| ≥ 5 times/week, % | 28.6 | 25.5 | 22.0 | 18.3 | 23.1 | 20.0 | 17.4 | 14.4 |
| Activity throughout the day | ||||||||
| Sit during day, not much walking, % | 5.0 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 8.8 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 8.8 |
| Sit much of day, walk a fair amount, % | 31.4 | 31.1 | 32.5 | 33.7 | 31.2 | 30.9 | 31.5 | 33.7 |
| Stand/walk a lot, no lifting, % | 39.6 | 40.0 | 39.1 | 37.0 | 41.0 | 41.3 | 41.0 | 39.1 |
| Lift/carry light loads, % | 20.3 | 20.1 | 18.9 | 17.5 | 20.1 | 19.9 | 19.0 | 17.0 |
| Heavy work, % | 3.6 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
| Married, Yes, % | 86.3 | 87.0 | 87.1 | 86.7 | 49.0 | 48.4 | 46.8 | 42.8 |
| Self-reported diabetes, % | 6.5 | 7.6 | 8.9 | 11.9 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 11.2 |
| Antacid use, Yes, % | 32.8 | 25.7 | 27.9 | 31.0 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 36.4 | 39.7 |
| Aspirin use, Yes, % | 77.9 | 78.9 | 79.4 | 79.0 | 67.0 | 66.7 | 66.7 | 65.8 |
| NSAID use, Yes,% | 53.2 | 53.9 | 53.5 | 55.1 | 60.7 | 60.4 | 59.8 | 59.7 |
| Calories (kcal), mean (SD) | 1,978 (776) | 1,980 (770) | 2,004 (791) | 2,075 (832) | 1,507 (581) | 1,537 (588) | 1,576 (610) | 1,624 (650) |
| Total fruit (servings/day), mean (SD) | 3.2 (2.5) | 3.1 (2.4) | 3.0 (2.3) | 2.8 (2.3) | 3.1 (2.3) | 3.0 (2.2) | 2.9 (2.3) | 2.9 (2.3) |
| Total vegetables (servings/day), mean (SD) | 4.1 (2.5) | 4.0 (2.4) | 4.0 (2.3) | 4.0 (2.4) | 3.9 (2.5) | 3.8 (2.4) | 3.8 (2.4) | 3.8 (2.4) |
| Total red meat (grams/day), mean (SD) | 69.4 (56.6) | 71.8 (56.0) | 75.9 (57.9) | 84.2 (62.2) | 39.1 (33.7) | 42.2 (35.8) | 45.6 (37.4) | 50.8 (41.1) |
| Total white meat (grams/day), mean (SD) | 62.9 (52.2) | 61.3 (50.3) | 61.5 (49.9) | 62.0 (51.7) | 52.6 (44.6) | 53.9 (45.7) | 54.5 (46.5) | 56.1 (49.1) |
| Alcohol (drinks/day), mean (SD) | 1.1 (2.4) | 1.2 (2.5) | 1.3 (2.8) | 1.4 (3.1) | 0.4 (0.9) | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.5 (1.2) | 0.5 (1.4) |
| Cancer sites | ||||||||
| Esophageal adenocarcinoma, N (%) | 40 (17) | 45 (19) | 72 (30) | 82 (34) | 0 (0) | 2 (14) | 5 (36) | 7 (50) |
| Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, N (%) | 36 (22) | 33 (21) | 40 (25) | 52 (32) | 5 (17) | 5 (17) | 6 (20) | 14 (47) |
| Gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma, N (%) | 19 (21) | 16 (18) | 19 (21) | 35 (39) | 5 (14) | 8 (22) | 13 (36) | 10 (28) |
1
some rows or columns may not total 100% due to rounding.