Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1980 Dec;77(12):7372–7376. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.12.7372

Regulation of expression from the glnA promoter of Escherichia coli in the absence of glutamine synthetase.

D M Rothstein, G Pahel, B Tyler, B Magasanik
PMCID: PMC350505  PMID: 6111793

Abstract

One of the suspected regulators of glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2] in enteric bacteria is glutamine synthetase itself. We isolated Escherichia coli strains carrying fusions of the beta-galactosidase structural gene to the promoter of the glutamine synthetase gene, with the aid of the Casadaban Mud1 (ApR, lac, cts62) phage. Some aspects of regulation were retained in haploid fusion strains despite the absence of glutamine synthetase, whereas other aspects required glutamine synthetase catalytic or regulatory activity or both. The direction of transcription of the glutamine synthetase gene was also determined.

Full text

PDF
7372

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bloom F. R., Levin M. S., Foor F., Tyler B. Regulation of glutamine synthetase formation in Escherichia coli: characterization of mutants lacking the uridylyltransferase. J Bacteriol. 1978 May;134(2):569–577. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.2.569-577.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Casadaban M. J., Cohen S. N. Lactose genes fused to exogenous promoters in one step using a Mu-lac bacteriophage: in vivo probe for transcriptional control sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4530–4533. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4530. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Deleo A. B., Magasanik B. Identification of the structural gene for glutamine synthetase in Klebsiella aerogenes. J Bacteriol. 1975 Jan;121(1):313–319. doi: 10.1128/jb.121.1.313-319.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Felton J., Michaelis S., Wright A. Mutations in two unlinked genes are required to produce asparagine auxotrophy in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1980 Apr;142(1):221–228. doi: 10.1128/jb.142.1.221-228.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Foor F., Reuveny Z., Magasanik B. Regulation of the synthesis of glutamine synthetase by the PII protein in Klebsiella aerogenes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2636–2640. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2636. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Goldberg R. B., Bloom F. R., Magasanik B. Regulation of histidase synthesis in intergeneric hybrids of enteric bacteria. J Bacteriol. 1976 Jul;127(1):114–119. doi: 10.1128/jb.127.1.114-119.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kustu S., Burton D., Garcia E., McCarter L., McFarland N. Nitrogen control in Salmonella: regulation by the glnR and glnF gene products. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4576–4580. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4576. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Magasanik B., Prival M. J., Brenchley J. E., Tyler B. M., DeLeo A. B., Streicher S. L., Bender R. A., Paris C. G. Glutamine synthetase as a regulator of enzyme synthesis. Curr Top Cell Regul. 1974;8(0):119–138. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152808-9.50010-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Mayer E. P., Smith O. H., Fredricks W. W., McKinney M. A. The isolation and characterization of glutamine-requiring strains of Escherichia coli K12. Mol Gen Genet. 1975;137(2):131–142. doi: 10.1007/BF00341679. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Meers J. L., Tempest D. W., Brown C. M. 'Glutamine(amide):2-oxoglutarate amino transferase oxido-reductase (NADP); an enzyme involved in the synthesis of glutamate by some bacteria. J Gen Microbiol. 1970 Dec;64(2):187–194. doi: 10.1099/00221287-64-2-187. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Pahel G., Tyler B. A new glnA-linked regulatory gene for glutamine synthetase in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4544–4548. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4544. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Pahel G., Zelenetz A. D., Tyler B. M. gltB gene and regulation of nitrogen metabolism by glutamine synthetase in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jan;133(1):139–148. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.1.139-148.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Stadtman E. R., Shapiro B. M., Kingdon H. S., Woolfolk C. A., Hubbard J. S. Cellular regulation of glutamine synthetase activity in Escherichia coli. Adv Enzyme Regul. 1968;6:257–289. doi: 10.1016/0065-2571(68)90017-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Streicher S. L., Bender R. A., Magasanik B. Genetic control of glutamine synthetase in Klebiella aerogenes. J Bacteriol. 1975 Jan;121(1):320–331. doi: 10.1128/jb.121.1.320-331.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Tempest D. W., Meers J. L., Brown C. M. Synthesis of glutamate in Aerobacter aerogenes by a hitherto unknown route. Biochem J. 1970 Apr;117(2):405–407. doi: 10.1042/bj1170405. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Tyler B., Deleo A. B., Magasanik B. Activation of transcription of hut DNA by glutamine synthetase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Jan;71(1):225–229. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.1.225. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Weglenski P., Tyler B. Regulation of glnA messinger ribonucleic acid synthesis in Klebsiella aerogenes. J Bacteriol. 1977 Feb;129(2):880–887. doi: 10.1128/jb.129.2.880-887.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES