Sir,
Toxicity data for propolis are limited. Early studies have found to be non-toxic. Use of propolis has been very extensive, ranging from food industry, medicine, cosmetics, and hygiene products. But, several case reports of allergic reactions have been reported. Various patch test studies have shown different level of reactions. European studies 1.2-6.6%, study in Finland (adults) 0.5-1.4%, in children 2-13.7%, in Polish children 16.5% and in young adults 5.4%, study in Prague 4%. Allergic reactions may manifest as contact chelitis, contact stomatitis, perioral eczyma, labial edema, oral pain, peeling of lips, and dyspnea.[1,2]
Bellegrandi et al. reported contact stomatitis allergic contact chelitis in an HIV positive patient taking propolis solution orally.[3] Few cases of acute renal failure has been reported who had taken propolis, and renal function improved after withdrawal of propolis.[4]
Many propolis preparations contain high level of alcohol and may cause nausea when taken with metronidazole. Propolis may also interact with anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal antibiotics, anti coagulants, anti-retrovirals, and anti-cancer drugs. Various allergens have been isolated from propolis namely 3-methyl-2-butenyl caffeate, phenylethyl caffeate, benzyl caffeate, geranyl caffeate, benzyl alcohol benzyl cinnammate, methyl cinnammate, ferulic acid, tecto chrysin.[5]
Propolis seems to be one of the most frequent contact sensitizers and should be included in routine patch testing in children and adolescents before prescribing.
References
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