Table 1.

Summary of studies examining DMD exposure during pregnancy and conception in MS

Abbreviations: DMD = disease-modifying drug; GA = glatiramer acetate; IFN-β = interferon β LMP = last menstrual period; MS = multiple sclerosis.

^aPatients were compared with population estimates instead of individual subjects recruited as controls.

^bStudies with potential conflicts of interest due to direct funding support from the pharmaceutical manufacturer.

^cStudies with unknown/unclear conflicts of interest.

^dStudies with potential conflicts of interest due to employment of author by the pharmaceutical manufacturer.