Table 9.

Characteristics of included monotherapy studies

Study	Disease severity	Treatment and dose	Treatment group for analysis	Number of patients randomized	Mean age, years	Mean disease duration, years	Withdrawals, %
Johnsen et al73	Active RA despite DMARD DAS28 CRP 6.0–6.2	ETN 25 mg twice weekly	ETN 2 × 25 mg/week	26	50.5 (median)	12.5 (median)	12
		ETN 50 mg twice weekly	ETN 2 × 50 mg/week	51	55.0 (median)	15.0 (median)	16
Miyasaka74	Active disease despite prior treatment with ≥1 DMARD	Placebo every other week	PLA	87	53.4	8.4	59
		ADA 20 mg every other week	ADA 20 mg/2 weeks	87	54.8	10.0	38
		ADA 40 mg every other week	ADA 40 mg/2 weeks	91	56.9	9.9	35
		ADA 80 mg every other week	ADA 80 mg/2 weeks	87	54.3	9.5	25
Moreland et al80	Active disease despite 1–4 conventional DMARDs	Placebo	PLA	44	55	77% had duration >5 years	48
		ETN 0.25 mg/m2	ETN 0.25 mg/m2	46	54		39
		ETN 2 mg/m2	ETN 2 mg/m2	46	52		22
		ETN 16 mg/m2	ETN 16 mg/m2	44	52		7
Moreland et al75	Active RA (advanced) despite DMARD (>90% MTX exposed)	Placebo	PLA	80	51	12	33
		ETN 10 mg sc twice weekly	ETN 2 × 10 mg/week	76	53	13	32
		ETN 25 mg sc twice weekly	ETN 2 × 25 mg/week	78	53	11	24
Nishimoto et al77	Active, relatively severe disease despite ≥ 1 DMARD	Placebo	PLA	53	Median 53.0	Median 8.4	47
		TOC 4 mg/kg every 4 weeks	TOC 4 mg/kg/4 weeks	54	Median 53.5	Median 7.3	4
		TOC 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks	TOC 8 mg/kg/4 weeks	55	Median 56.0	Median 8.3	7
Nishimoto et al76	Active disease despite prior MTX for ≥8 weeks DAS28 6.1	MTX 8 mg/week	MTX	66	50.8	8.7	48
		TOC 8 mg/kg iv every 4 weeks	TOC 8 mg/kg/4 weeks	61	52.6	8.5	11
van de Putte et al79	Active RA despite ≥ 1 DMARD DAS28 7.0–7.1	Placebo	PLA	70	50.2	9.4	33
		ADA 20 mg weekly	ADA 20 mg/week	72	53.7	10.4	14
		ADA 40 mg weekly	ADA 40 mg/week	70	52.6	10.0	17
		ADA 80 mg weekly	ADA 80 mg/week	72	53.2	10.1	8
van de Putte et al78	Active long-standing severe RA despite ≥ 1 DMARD DAS 7.07	Placebo	PLA	110	53.5	11.6	56.4
		ADA 20 mg every other week	ADA 20 mg/2 weeks	106	53.1	9.3	35.8
		ADA 20 mg weekly	ADA 20 mg/week	112	54.4	11.3	29.5
		ADA 40 mg every other week	ADA 40 mg/2 weeks	113	52.7	10.6	28.3
		ADA 40 mg weekly	ADA 40 mg/week	103	51.8	11.9	14.6

Notes: Combe et al,⁴² Edwards et al,⁸¹ Kameda et al,⁴⁶ Keystone et al,⁸² Maini et al,⁵¹ and van Riel et al⁴⁷ – characteristics as per Table 3; treatments in bold are treatments of interest (licensed doses); PLA is the reference treatment.

Abbreviations: ADA, Adalimumab; DAS, Disease Activity Score; DMARD, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; ETN, etanercept; MTX, methotrexate; PLA, placebo; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; TOC, Tocilizumab.