Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1979 Jun;30(3):683–691. doi: 10.1128/jvi.30.3.683-691.1979

Simian Virus 40 Mutants with Deletions at the 3′ End of the Early Region Are Defective in Adenovirus Helper Function

Charles N Cole 1,3, Lionel V Crawford 2,3, Paul Berg 3
PMCID: PMC353376  PMID: 225537

Abstract

Coinfection of monkey cells with simian virus 40 (SV40) and adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) increased the Ad2 yield 1,000-fold over that obtained by Ad2 infection alone of monkey cells (A. S. Rabson, G. T. O'Conor, I. K. Berezesky, and F. J. Paul, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 116:187-190, 1964). The ability of viable mutants of SV40 that contain deletions at various sites in the viral DNA to enhance Ad2 growth in monkey cells was examined. Only those mutants with deletions near the 3′ end of the early region were deficient in providing this helper function. Mutants dl1265, lacking 39 base pairs at map position 0.18, and dl1263, lacking 33 base pairs at map position 0.20 (H. van Heuverswyn, C. Cole, P. Berg, and W. Fiers, J. Virol. 30:936-941, 1979), were approximately 4 and 30% as effective as wild-type SV40, respectively. The extent of enhancement of Ad2 yield depended on the multiplicity of infection by SV40, but not by Ad2 (at a multiplicity of infection of ≤50), as well as on the relative times of infection by Ad2 and SV40. Increasing the SV40 multiplicity of infection or infecting cells with SV40 wild type or mutants prior to Ad2 infection increased the Ad2 yield dramatically. The T antigens of wild-type SV40, dl1263, and dl1265 were examined. We attempt to correlate defects in helper function, alterations in the T antigen structure, and the DNA sequence of the mutants as determined by van Heuverswyn et al. (J. Virol. 30:936-941, 1979).

Full text

PDF
683

Images in this article

688Image
on p.688
689Image
on p.689

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Anderson C. W., Lewis J. B., Baum P. R., Gesteland R. F. Simian virus 40-specific polypeptides in AD2+ ND1- and Ad2+ ND4-infected cells. J Virol. 1976 May;18(2):685–692. doi: 10.1128/jvi.18.2.685-692.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baum S. G., Horwitz M. S., Maizel J. V., Jr Studies of the mechanism of enhancement of human adenovirus infection in monkey cells by simian virus 40. J Virol. 1972 Aug;10(2):211–219. doi: 10.1128/jvi.10.2.211-219.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Spliced early mRNAs of simian virus 40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Mar;75(3):1274–1278. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.3.1274. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Carbon J., Shenk T. E., Berg P. Biochemical procedure for production of small deletions in simian virus 40 DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Apr;72(4):1392–1396. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.4.1392. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cole C. N., Landers T., Goff S. P., Manteuil-Brutlag S., Berg P. Physical and genetic characterization of deletion mutants of simian virus 40 constructed in vitro. J Virol. 1977 Oct;24(1):277–294. doi: 10.1128/jvi.24.1.277-294.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Contreras R., Cole C., Berg P., Fiers W. Nucleotide sequence analysis of two simian virus 40 mutants with deletions in the late region of the genome. J Virol. 1979 Feb;29(2):789–793. doi: 10.1128/jvi.29.2.789-793.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Crawford L. V., Cole C. N., Smith A. E., Paucha E., Tegtmeyer P., Rundell K., Berg P. Organization and expression of early genes of simian virus 40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jan;75(1):117–121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.1.117. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Crawford L. V., O'Farrell P. Z. Effect of alkylation on the physical properties of simian virus 40 T-antigen species. J Virol. 1979 Feb;29(2):587–596. doi: 10.1128/jvi.29.2.587-596.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Eron L. Post-transcriptional restriction of human adenovirus expression in monkey cells. J Virol. 1975 May;15(5):1256–1261. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.5.1256-1261.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Feldman L. A., Butel J. S., Rapp F. Interaction of a simian papovavirus and adenoviruses. I. Induction of adenovirus tumor antigen during abortive infection of simian cells. J Bacteriol. 1966 Feb;91(2):813–818. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.2.813-818.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Fiers W., Contreras R., Haegemann G., Rogiers R., Van de Voorde A., Van Heuverswyn H., Van Herreweghe J., Volckaert G., Ysebaert M. Complete nucleotide sequence of SV40 DNA. Nature. 1978 May 11;273(5658):113–120. doi: 10.1038/273113a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Friedman M. P., Lyons M. J., Ginsberg H. S. Biochemical consequences of type 2 adenovirus and Simian virus 40 double infections of African green monkey kidney cells. J Virol. 1970 May;5(5):586–597. doi: 10.1128/jvi.5.5.586-597.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Grodzicker T., Anderson C., Sharp P. A., Sambrook J. Conditional lethal mutants of adenovirus 2-simian virus 40 hybrids. I. Host range mutants of Ad2+ND1. J Virol. 1974 Jun;13(6):1237–1244. doi: 10.1128/jvi.13.6.1237-1244.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Grodzicker T., Lewis J. B., Anderson C. W. Conditional lethal mutants of adenovirus type 2-simian virus 40 hybrids. II. Ad2+ND1 host-range mutants that synthesize fragments of the Ad2+ND1 30K protein. J Virol. 1976 Aug;19(2):559–571. doi: 10.1128/jvi.19.2.559-571.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hashimoto K., Nakajima K., Oda K., Shimojo H. Complementation of translational defect for growth of human adenovirus type 2 in Simian cells by a Simian virus 40-induced factor. J Mol Biol. 1973 Dec 5;81(2):207–223. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90190-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hodge L. D., Scharff M. D. Effect of adenovirus on host cell DNA synthesis in synchronized cells. Virology. 1969 Apr;37(4):554–564. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90273-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. JENSEN F. C., GIRARDI A. J., GILDEN R. V., KOPROWSKI H. INFECTION OF HUMAN AND SIMIAN TISSUE CULTURES WITH ROUS SARCOMA VIRUS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Jul;52:53–59. doi: 10.1073/pnas.52.1.53. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kelly T. J., Jr, Lewis A. M., Jr Use of nondefective adenovirus-simian virus 40 hybrids for mapping the simian virus 40 genome. J Virol. 1973 Sep;12(3):643–652. doi: 10.1128/jvi.12.3.643-652.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kessler S. W. Rapid isolation of antigens from cells with a staphylococcal protein A-antibody adsorbent: parameters of the interaction of antibody-antigen complexes with protein A. J Immunol. 1975 Dec;115(6):1617–1624. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Kimura G. Genetic evidence for SV40 gene function in enhancement of replication of human adenovirus in simian cells. Nature. 1974 Apr 12;248(449):590–592. doi: 10.1038/248590a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Klessig D. F., Anderson C. W. Block to multiplication of adenovirus serotype 2 in monkey cells. J Virol. 1975 Dec;16(6):1650–1668. doi: 10.1128/jvi.16.6.1650-1668.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Lewis A. M., Jr, Levin M. J., Wiese W. H., Crumpacker C. S., Henry P. H. A nondefective (competent) adenovirus-SV40 hybrid isolated from the AD.2-SV40 hybrid population. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Aug;63(4):1128–1135. doi: 10.1073/pnas.63.4.1128. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Lewis A. M., Jr, Levine A. S., Crumpacker C. S., Levin M. J., Samaha R. J., Henry P. H. Studies of nondefective adenovirus 2-simian virus 40 hybrid viruses. V. Isolation of additional hybrids which differ in their simian virus 40-specific biological properties. J Virol. 1973 May;11(5):655–664. doi: 10.1128/jvi.11.5.655-664.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Lewis A. M., Jr, Rowe W. P. Studies on nondefective adenovirus-simian virus 40 hybrid viruses. I. A newly characterized simian virus 40 antigen induced by the Ad2+ND 1 virus. J Virol. 1971 Feb;7(2):189–197. doi: 10.1128/jvi.7.2.189-197.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Lucas J. J., Ginsberg H. S. Transcription and transport of virus-specific ribonucleic acids in African green monkey kidney cells abortively infected with type 2 adenovirus. J Virol. 1972 Dec;10(6):1109–1117. doi: 10.1128/jvi.10.6.1109-1117.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. López-Revilla R., Walter G. Polypeptide specific for cells with adenovirus 2-SV40 hybrid Ad2+ND1. Nat New Biol. 1973 Aug 8;244(136):165–167. doi: 10.1038/newbio244165a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Mertz J. E., Berg P. Defective simian virus 40 genomes: isolation and growth of individual clones. Virology. 1974 Nov;62(1):112–124. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90307-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Morrow J. F., Berg P., Kelly T. J., Jr, Lewis A. M., Jr Mapping of simian virus 40 early functions on the viral chromosome. J Virol. 1973 Sep;12(3):653–658. doi: 10.1128/jvi.12.3.653-658.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Paucha E., Smith A. E. The sequences between 0.59 and 0.54 map units on SV40 DNA code for the unique region of small t antigen. Cell. 1978 Nov;15(3):1011–1020. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90285-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Philipson L., Andersson P., Olshevsky U., Weinberg R., Baltimore D., Gesteland R. Translation of MuLV and MSV RNAs in nuclease-treated reticulocyte extracts: enhancement of the gag-pol polypeptide with yeast suppressor tRNA. Cell. 1978 Jan;13(1):189–199. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90149-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Piña M., Green M. Biochemical studies on adenovirus multiplication. XIV. Macromolecule and enzyme synthesis in cells replicating oncogenic and nononcogenic human adenovirus. Virology. 1969 Aug;38(4):573–586. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90178-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. RABSON A. S., O'CONOR G. T., BEREZESKY I. K., PAUL F. J. ENHANCEMENT OF ADENOVIRUS GROWTH IN AFRICAN GREEN MONKEY KIDNEY CELL CULTURES BY SV40. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1964 May;116:187–190. doi: 10.3181/00379727-116-29197. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Reddy V. B., Thimmappaya B., Dhar R., Subramanian K. N., Zain B. S., Pan J., Ghosh P. K., Celma M. L., Weissman S. M. The genome of simian virus 40. Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):494–502. doi: 10.1126/science.205947. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Reich P. R., Baum S. G., Rose J. A., Rowe W. P., Weissman S. M. Nucleic acid homology studies of adenovirus type 7-SV40 interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Feb;55(2):336–341. doi: 10.1073/pnas.55.2.336. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Shenk T. E., Carbon J., Berg P. Construction and analysis of viable deletion mutants of simian virus 40. J Virol. 1976 May;18(2):664–671. doi: 10.1128/jvi.18.2.664-671.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Takemoto K. K., Kirschstein R. L., Habel K. Mutants of simian virus 40 differing in plaque size, oncogenicity, and heat sensitivity. J Bacteriol. 1966 Oct;92(4):990–994. doi: 10.1128/jb.92.4.990-994.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Thimmappaya B., Shenk T. Nucleotide sequence analysis of viable deletion mutants lacking segments of the simian virus 40 genome coding for small t antigen. J Virol. 1979 Jun;30(3):668–673. doi: 10.1128/jvi.30.3.668-673.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Tjian R., Fey G., Graessmann A. Biological activity of purified simian virus 40 T antigen proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Mar;75(3):1279–1283. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.3.1279. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Van Heuverswyn H., Cole C., Berg P., Fiers W. Nucleotide sequence analysis of two simian virus 40 mutants with deletions in the region coding for the carboxyl terminus of the T antigen. J Virol. 1979 Jun;30(3):936–941. doi: 10.1128/jvi.30.3.936-941.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Williams J. F. Enhancement of adenovirus plaque formation on HeLa cells by magnesium chloride. J Gen Virol. 1970 Dec;9(3):251–255. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-9-3-251. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Yamashita T., Shimojo H. Induction of cellular DNA synthesis by adenovirus 12 in human embryo kidney cells. Virology. 1969 Jun;38(2):351–355. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90379-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. van Roy F., Fiers W. Interference with simian virus 40 DNA replication by adenovirus type 2 during mixed infection of monkey cells. J Virol. 1978 Aug;27(2):275–287. doi: 10.1128/jvi.27.2.275-287.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES