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Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1978 Jan;25(1):51–59. doi: 10.1128/jvi.25.1.51-59.1978

Radiobiological Inactivation of Epstein-Barr Virus

Earl Henderson 1, Lee Heston 1, Elizabeth Grogan 1, George Miller 1
PMCID: PMC353900  PMID: 202757

Abstract

Lymphocyte transforming properties of B95-8 strain Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are very sensitive to inactivation by either UV or X irradiation. No dose of irradiation increases the transforming capacity of EBV. The X-ray dose needed for inactivation of EBV transformation (dose that results in 37% survival, 60,000 rads) is similar to the dose required for inactivation of plaque formation by herpes simplex virus type 1 (Fischer strain). Although herpes simplex virus is more sensitive than EBV to UV irradiation, this difference is most likely due to differences in the kinetics or mechanisms of repair of UV damage to the two viruses. The results lead to the hypothesis that a large part, or perhaps all, of the EBV genome is in some way needed to initiate transformation. The abilities of EBV to stimulate host cell DNA synthesis, to induce nuclear antigen, and to immortalize are inactivated in parallel. All clones of marmoset cells transformed by irradiated virus produce extracellular transforming virus. These findings suggest that the abilities of the virus to transform and to replicate complete progeny are inactivated together. The amounts of UV and X irradiation that inactivate transformation by B95-8 virus are less than the dose needed to inactivate early antigen induction by the nontransforming P3HR-1 strain of EBV. Based on radiobiological inactivation, 10 to 50% of the genome is needed for early antigen induction. Inactivation of early antigen induction is influenced by the cells in which the assay is performed. Inactivation proceeds more rapidly in EBV genome-free cells than in genome carrier Raji or in P3HR-1 converted EBV genome-free cells clone B1. These results indicate that the resident EBV genome participates in the early antigen induction process. Variation in radio-biological killing of B95-8 and P3HR-1 EBV is not attributable to variations in the repair capacities of the cells in which the viruses were assayed, since inactivation of HSV was the same in primary lymphocytes and in all lymphoid cell lines tested.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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