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Two types of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) antibody assays. (A) Assays employing competition by TSHR autoantibodies for ligand (TSH or monoclonal antibody) binding to the TSHR. The ligand may be radio-labeled or tagged with an enzyme or fluorescent dye. The three generations of such assays are described in the text. (B) Bioassays involving cultured thyroid cells or nonthyroidal cells expressing the recombinant human TSHR.
