Abstract
Transformants have been isolated after infection of rat embryo cells at 33 C with either wild-type simian virus 40 or with the temperature-sensitive gene A mutants, tsA7 and tsA28. Examination of properties usually associated with transformation such as growth in 1% serum, growth rate, saturation density, and morphology show that these properties are temperature dependent in the tsA transformants characterized, but are not temperature dependent in the wild-type transformants that have been examined. In the most thoroughly characterized tsA transformants the expression of T antigen also appears to be temperature dependent. These data suggest that an active A function is required for the maintenance of transformation in these cells. In the lytic cycle, the A function is involved in the initiation of DNA synthesis. Thus transformation by simian virus 40 may be the direct consequence of the introduction of the simian virus 40 replicon and the presence of its DNA initiator function, which causes the cell to express a transformed phenotype.
Full text
PDF








Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Brugge J. S., Butel J. S. Role of simian virus 40 gene A function in maintenance of transformation. J Virol. 1975 Mar;15(3):619–635. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.3.619-635.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chou J. Y., Avila J., Martin R. G. Viral DNA synthesis in cells infected by temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40. J Virol. 1974 Jul;14(1):116–124. doi: 10.1128/jvi.14.1.116-124.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chou J. Y., Martin R. G. Complementation analysis of simian virus 40 mutants. J Virol. 1974 May;13(5):1101–1109. doi: 10.1128/jvi.13.5.1101-1109.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chou J. Y., Martin R. G. DNA infectivity and the induction of host DNA synthesis with temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40. J Virol. 1975 Jan;15(1):145–150. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.1.145-150.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Di Mayorca G., Callender J., Marin G., Giordano R. Temperature-sensitive mutants of polyoma virus. Virology. 1969 May;38(1):126–133. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90134-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eckhart W. Complementation and transformation by temperature-sensitive mutants of polyoma virus. Virology. 1969 May;38(1):120–125. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90133-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FRIED M. CELL-TRANSFORMING ABILITY OF A TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE MUTANT OF POLYOMA VIRUS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Mar;53:486–491. doi: 10.1073/pnas.53.3.486. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Graf T., Friis R. R. Differential expression of transformation in rat and chicken cells infected with an avian sarcoma virus ts mutant. Virology. 1973 Nov;56(1):369–374. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90314-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Khoury G., Byrne J. C., Takemoto K. K., Martin M. A. Patterns of simian virus 40 deoxyribonucleic acid transcription. II. In transformed cells. J Virol. 1973 Jan;11(1):54–60. doi: 10.1128/jvi.11.1.54-60.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kimura G., Dulbecco R. A temperature-sensitive mutant of simian virus 40 affecting transforming ability. Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):529–534. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90348-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lai C. J., Nathans D. Mapping temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40: rescue of mutants by fragments of viral DNA. Virology. 1974 Aug;60(2):466–475. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90340-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lazarides E., Weber K. Actin antibody: the specific visualization of actin filaments in non-muscle cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Jun;71(6):2268–2272. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.6.2268. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lebowitz P., Kelly T. J., Jr, Nathans D., Lee T. N., Lewis A. M., Jr A colinear map relating the simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA segments of six adenovirus-SV40 hybrids to the DNA fragments produced by restriction endonuclease cleavage of SV40 DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Feb;71(2):441–445. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.2.441. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Martin G. S. Rous sarcoma virus: a function required for the maintenance of the transformed state. Nature. 1970 Sep 5;227(5262):1021–1023. doi: 10.1038/2271021a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Martin R. G., Chou J. Y. Simian virus 40 functions required for the establishment and maintenance of malignant transformation. J Virol. 1975 Mar;15(3):599–612. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.3.599-612.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nishimura Y., Caro L., Berg C. M., Hirota Y. Chromosome replication in Escherichia coli. IV. Control of chromosome replication and cell division by an integrated episome. J Mol Biol. 1971 Feb 14;55(3):441–456. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(71)90328-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Risser R., Pollack R. A nonselective analysis of SV40 transformation of mouse 3T3 cells. Virology. 1974 Jun;59(2):477–489. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90457-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Risser R., Rifkin D., Pollack R. The stable classes of transformed cells induced by SV40 infection of established 3T3 cells and primary rat embryonic cells. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1975;39(Pt 1):317–324. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1974.039.01.042. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robb J. A. Simian virus 40-host cell interactions. I. Temperature-sensitive regulation of SV40 T antigen in 3T3 mouse cells transformed by the ts*101 temperature-sensitive early mutant of SV40. J Virol. 1973 Nov;12(5):1187–1190. doi: 10.1128/jvi.12.5.1187-1190.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sambrook J., Sharp P. A., Keller W. Transcription of Simian virus 40. I. Separation of the strands of SV40 DNA and hybridization of the separated strands to RNA extracted from lytically infected and transformed cells. J Mol Biol. 1972 Sep 14;70(1):57–71. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90163-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sambrook J., Westphal H., Srinivasan P. R., Dulbecco R. The integrated state of viral DNA in SV40-transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Aug;60(4):1288–1295. doi: 10.1073/pnas.60.4.1288. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tegtmeyer P. Function of simian virus 40 gene A in transforming infection. J Virol. 1975 Mar;15(3):613–618. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.3.613-618.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tegtmeyer P., Ozer H. L. Temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40: infection of permissive cells. J Virol. 1971 Oct;8(4):516–524. doi: 10.1128/jvi.8.4.516-524.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tegtmeyer P. Simian virus 40 deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis: the viral replicon. J Virol. 1972 Oct;10(4):591–598. doi: 10.1128/jvi.10.4.591-598.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wyke J. A., Linial M. Temperature-sensitive avian sarcoma viruses: a physiological comparison of twenty mutants. Virology. 1973 May;53(1):152–161. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90474-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]