Skip to main content
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1991 Jan;11(1):558–563. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.1.558

Neurospora crassa clock-controlled genes are regulated at the level of transcription.

J J Loros 1, J C Dunlap 1
PMCID: PMC359668  PMID: 1824715

Abstract

Although an extensive number of biological processes are under the daily control of the circadian biological clock, little is known about how the clock maintains its regulatory networks within a cell. An important aspect of this temporal control is the daily control of gene expression. Previously we identified two morning-specific genes that are regulated by the clock through daily control of gene expression (J. Loros, S. Denome, and J.C. Dunlap, Science 243:385-388, 1989). We have now introduced a method for transcriptional analysis in Neurospora crassa and used this nuclear run-on procedure to show that regulation of mRNA abundance for these two morning-specific genes occurs at the level of transcription. This transcriptional regulation by the circadian clock provides a basis for isolating circadian rhythm mutants.

Full text

PDF
558

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Brann M. R., Cohen L. V. Diurnal expression of transducin mRNA and translocation of transducin in rods of rat retina. Science. 1987 Jan 30;235(4788):585–587. doi: 10.1126/science.3101175. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Darnell J. E., Jr Variety in the level of gene control in eukaryotic cells. Nature. 1982 Jun 3;297(5865):365–371. doi: 10.1038/297365a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dharmananda S., Feldman J. F. Spatial Distribution of Circadian Clock Phase in Aging Cultures of Neurospora crassa. Plant Physiol. 1979 Jun;63(6):1049–1054. doi: 10.1104/pp.63.6.1049. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. "A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity". Addendum. Anal Biochem. 1984 Feb;137(1):266–267. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90381-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Free S. J., Rice P. W., Metzenberg R. L. Arrangement of the genes coding for ribosomal ribonucleic acids in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1979 Mar;137(3):1219–1226. doi: 10.1128/jb.137.3.1219-1226.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Giuliano G., Hoffman N. E., Ko K., Scolnik P. A., Cashmore A. R. A light-entrained circadian clock controls transcription of several plant genes. EMBO J. 1988 Dec 1;7(12):3635–3642. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03244.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Groudine M., Peretz M., Weintraub H. Transcriptional regulation of hemoglobin switching in chicken embryos. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Mar;1(3):281–288. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.3.281. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hardin P. E., Hall J. C., Rosbash M. Feedback of the Drosophila period gene product on circadian cycling of its messenger RNA levels. Nature. 1990 Feb 8;343(6258):536–540. doi: 10.1038/343536a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hautala J. A., Conner B. H., Jacobson J. W., Patel G. L., Giles N. H. Isolation and characterization of nuclei from Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1977 May;130(2):704–713. doi: 10.1128/jb.130.2.704-713.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Korenbrot J. I., Fernald R. D. Circadian rhythm and light regulate opsin mRNA in rod photoreceptors. Nature. 1989 Feb 2;337(6206):454–457. doi: 10.1038/337454a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lausson S., Segond N., Milhaud G., Staub J. F. Circadian rhythms of calcitonin gene expression in the rat. J Endocrinol. 1989 Aug;122(2):527–534. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1220527. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lehrach H., Diamond D., Wozney J. M., Boedtker H. RNA molecular weight determinations by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions, a critical reexamination. Biochemistry. 1977 Oct 18;16(21):4743–4751. doi: 10.1021/bi00640a033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Loros J. J., Denome S. A., Dunlap J. C. Molecular cloning of genes under control of the circadian clock in Neurospora. Science. 1989 Jan 20;243(4889):385–388. doi: 10.1126/science.2563175. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. McKnight G. S., Palmiter R. D. Transcriptional regulation of the ovalbumin and conalbumin genes by steroid hormones in chick oviduct. J Biol Chem. 1979 Sep 25;254(18):9050–9058. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Paietta J. V. Molecular cloning and regulatory analysis of the arylsulfatase structural gene of Neurospora crassa. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Sep;9(9):3630–3637. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.9.3630. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Perlman J., Nakashima H., Feldman J. F. Assay and Characteristics of Circadian Rhythmicity in Liquid Cultures of Neurospora crassa. Plant Physiol. 1981 Mar;67(3):404–407. doi: 10.1104/pp.67.3.404. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Robinson B. G., Frim D. M., Schwartz W. J., Majzoub J. A. Vasopressin mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nuclei: daily regulation of polyadenylate tail length. Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):342–344. doi: 10.1126/science.3388044. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Sargent M. L., Briggs W. R., Woodward D. O. Circadian nature of a rhythm expressed by an invertaseless strain of Neurospora crassa. Plant Physiol. 1966 Oct;41(8):1343–1349. doi: 10.1104/pp.41.8.1343. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sommer T., Chambers J. A., Eberle J., Lauter F. R., Russo V. E. Fast light-regulated genes of Neurospora crassa. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jul 25;17(14):5713–5723. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.14.5713. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Talbot K. J., Russell P. J. Nuclear buoyant density determination and the purification and characterization of wild-type neurospora nuclei using percoll density gradients. Plant Physiol. 1982 Sep;70(3):704–708. doi: 10.1104/pp.70.3.704. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Taylor W. C. Transcriptional regulation by a circadian rhythm. Plant Cell. 1989 Feb;1(2):259–264. doi: 10.1105/tpc.1.2.259. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Tyler B. M., Giles N. H. Accurate transcription of cloned Neurospora RNA polymerase II-dependent genes in vitro by homologous soluble extracts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5450–5454. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.16.5450. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Uhl G. R., Reppert S. M. Suprachiasmatic nucleus vasopressin messenger RNA: circadian variation in normal and Brattleboro rats. Science. 1986 Apr 18;232(4748):390–393. doi: 10.1126/science.3961487. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Viebrock A., Perz A., Sebald W. The imported preprotein of the proteolipid subunit of the mitochondrial ATP synthase from Neurospora crassa. Molecular cloning and sequencing of the mRNA. EMBO J. 1982;1(5):565–571. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01209.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Vollmer S. J., Yanofsky C. Efficient cloning of genes of Neurospora crassa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4869–4873. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.13.4869. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES