Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1991 Jun;11(6):3326–3330. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.6.3326

Telomeric location of Giardia rDNA genes.

R D Adam 1, T E Nash 1, T E Wellems 1
PMCID: PMC360185  PMID: 2038335

Abstract

Giardia lamblia telomeres have been isolated from a library enriched for repaired chromosome ends by (i) screening with a Plasmodium falciparum telomere and (ii) differential hybridization with Bal 31-digested and total G. lamblia DNA. Analysis of three clones isolated by this strategy has identified multiple tandem repeats of the 5-mer TAGGG. An oligonucleotide containing these repeats recognizes Bal 31-sensitive bands in Southern hybridizations and detects all G. lamblia chromosomes in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis separations. An abrupt transition from the G. lamblia rDNA sequence to telomeric repeats has been found in all three clones. In two of the clones the transition occurs at the same site, near the beginning of the large subunit rDNA sequence. In the third clone the transition occurs at a site in the intergenic spacer sequence between the rDNA genes. Hybridization of an rDNA probe to a pulsed-field separation of G. lamblia chromosomes indicates that rDNA genes are present on several chromosomes but vary in location from isolate to isolate. These results suggest that rRNA genes are clustered at telomeric locations in G. lamblia and that these clusters are mobile.

Full text

PDF

Images in this article

3328Image
on p.3328
3329Image
on p.3329

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adam R. D., Aggarwal A., Lal A. A., de La Cruz V. F., McCutchan T., Nash T. E. Antigenic variation of a cysteine-rich protein in Giardia lamblia. J Exp Med. 1988 Jan 1;167(1):109–118. doi: 10.1084/jem.167.1.109. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Adam R. D., Nash T. E., Wellems T. E. The Giardia lamblia trophozoite contains sets of closely related chromosomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 May 25;16(10):4555–4567. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.10.4555. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Blackburn E. H., Challoner P. B. Identification of a telomeric DNA sequence in Trypanosoma brucei. Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):447–457. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90238-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blackburn E. H. Telomeres: structure and synthesis. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 15;265(11):5919–5921. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Boothroyd J. C., Wang A., Campbell D. A., Wang C. C. An unusually compact ribosomal DNA repeat in the protozoan Giardia lamblia. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 May 26;15(10):4065–4084. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.10.4065. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Brown W. R., MacKinnon P. J., Villasanté A., Spurr N., Buckle V. J., Dobson M. J. Structure and polymorphism of human telomere-associated DNA. Cell. 1990 Oct 5;63(1):119–132. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90293-n. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Carle G. F., Olson M. V. Separation of chromosomal DNA molecules from yeast by orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 25;12(14):5647–5664. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.14.5647. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Edlind T. D., Chakraborty P. R. Unusual ribosomal RNA of the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Oct 12;15(19):7889–7901. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.19.7889. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6–13. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Healey A., Mitchell R., Upcroft J. A., Boreham P. F., Upcroft P. Complete nucleotide sequence of the ribosomal RNA tandem repeat unit from Giardia intestinalis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jul 11;18(13):4006–4006. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.13.4006. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kabnick K. S., Peattie D. A. In situ analyses reveal that the two nuclei of Giardia lamblia are equivalent. J Cell Sci. 1990 Mar;95(Pt 3):353–360. doi: 10.1242/jcs.95.3.353. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Magee B. B., Koltin Y., Gorman J. A., Magee P. T. Assignment of cloned genes to the seven electrophoretically separated Candida albicans chromosomes. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Nov;8(11):4721–4726. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.11.4721. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Meyne J., Ratliff R. L., Moyzis R. K. Conservation of the human telomere sequence (TTAGGG)n among vertebrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7049–7053. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.18.7049. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Nash T. E., McCutchan T., Keister D., Dame J. B., Conrad J. D., Gillin F. D. Restriction-endonuclease analysis of DNA from 15 Giardia isolates obtained from humans and animals. J Infect Dis. 1985 Jul;152(1):64–73. doi: 10.1093/infdis/152.1.64. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Orbach M. J., Vollrath D., Davis R. W., Yanofsky C. An electrophoretic karyotype of Neurospora crassa. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1469–1473. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.4.1469. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Pearson W. R., Lipman D. J. Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2444–2448. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2444. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Pologe L. G., Ravetch J. V. Large deletions result from breakage and healing of P. falciparum chromosomes. Cell. 1988 Dec 2;55(5):869–874. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90142-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ponzi M., Pace T., Dore E., Frontali C. Identification of a telomeric DNA sequence in Plasmodium berghei. EMBO J. 1985 Nov;4(11):2991–2995. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04034.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Schwartz D. C., Cantor C. R. Separation of yeast chromosome-sized DNAs by pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis. Cell. 1984 May;37(1):67–75. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90301-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Sinnis P., Wellems T. E. Long-range restriction maps of Plasmodium falciparum chromosomes: crossingover and size variation among geographically distant isolates. Genomics. 1988 Nov;3(4):287–295. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(88)90117-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Sogin M. L., Gunderson J. H., Elwood H. J., Alonso R. A., Peattie D. A. Phylogenetic meaning of the kingdom concept: an unusual ribosomal RNA from Giardia lamblia. Science. 1989 Jan 6;243(4887):75–77. doi: 10.1126/science.2911720. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Steele P. E., Carle G. F., Kobayashi G. S., Medoff G. Electrophoretic analysis of Histoplasma capsulatum chromosomal DNA. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Mar;9(3):983–987. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.3.983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Van der Ploeg L. H., Cornelissen A. W., Barry J. D., Borst P. Chromosomes of kinetoplastida. EMBO J. 1984 Dec 20;3(13):3109–3115. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02266.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Wellems T. E., Walliker D., Smith C. L., do Rosario V. E., Maloy W. L., Howard R. J., Carter R., McCutchan T. F. A histidine-rich protein gene marks a linkage group favored strongly in a genetic cross of Plasmodium falciparum. Cell. 1987 Jun 5;49(5):633–642. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90539-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wiesehahn G. P., Jarroll E. L., Lindmark D. G., Meyer E. A., Hallick L. M. Giardia lamblia: autoradiographic analysis of nuclear replication. Exp Parasitol. 1984 Aug;58(1):94–100. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(84)90024-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Zakian V. A. Structure and function of telomeres. Annu Rev Genet. 1989;23:579–604. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.23.120189.003051. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES