Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1990 Jul;10(7):3541–3550. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.7.3541

TEC1, a gene involved in the activation of Ty1 and Ty1-mediated gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: cloning and molecular analysis.

I Laloux 1, E Dubois 1, M Dewerchin 1, E Jacobs 1
PMCID: PMC360789  PMID: 2192259

Abstract

Ty and Ty-mediated gene expression observed in haploid cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on several determinants, some of which are required for the expression of haploid-specific genes. We report here the cloning and molecular analysis of TEC1. TEC1 encodes a 486-amino-acid protein that is a trans-acting factor required for full Ty1 expression and Ty1-mediated gene activation. However, mutation or deletion of the TEC1 gene had little effect on total Ty2 transcript levels. Our analysis provides clear evidence that TEC1 is not involved in mating or sporulation processes. Unlike most of the proteins involved in Ty and adjacent gene expression, the product of TEC1 has no known cellular function. Although there was no mating-type effect on TEC1 expression, our results indicate that the TEC1 and the a/alpha diploid controls on Ty1 expression are probably not cumulative.

Full text

PDF
3541

Images in this article

3547Image
on p.3547
3547Image
on p.3547
3548Image
on p.3548

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bechet J., Greenson M., Wiame J. M. Mutations affecting the repressibility of arginine biosynthetic enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem. 1970 Jan;12(1):31–39. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb00817.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Birnboim H. C., Doly J. A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1513–1523. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1513. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bitter G. A., Egan K. M. Expression of heterologous genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae from vectors utilizing the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene promoter. Gene. 1984 Dec;32(3):263–274. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(84)90002-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Boeke J. D., Corces V. G. Transcription and reverse transcription of retrotransposons. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1989;43:403–434. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.43.100189.002155. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Boeke J. D., Garfinkel D. J., Styles C. A., Fink G. R. Ty elements transpose through an RNA intermediate. Cell. 1985 Mar;40(3):491–500. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90197-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Boeke J. D., LaCroute F., Fink G. R. A positive selection for mutants lacking orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase activity in yeast: 5-fluoro-orotic acid resistance. Mol Gen Genet. 1984;197(2):345–346. doi: 10.1007/BF00330984. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Broach J. R., Strathern J. N., Hicks J. B. Transformation in yeast: development of a hybrid cloning vector and isolation of the CAN1 gene. Gene. 1979 Dec;8(1):121–133. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(79)90012-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cameron J. R., Loh E. Y., Davis R. W. Evidence for transposition of dispersed repetitive DNA families in yeast. Cell. 1979 Apr;16(4):739–751. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90090-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Chen E. Y., Seeburg P. H. Supercoil sequencing: a fast and simple method for sequencing plasmid DNA. DNA. 1985 Apr;4(2):165–170. doi: 10.1089/dna.1985.4.165. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Ciriacy M., Williamson V. M. Analysis of mutations affecting Ty-mediated gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet. 1981;182(1):159–163. doi: 10.1007/BF00422784. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Clare J., Farabaugh P. Nucleotide sequence of a yeast Ty element: evidence for an unusual mechanism of gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(9):2829–2833. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.9.2829. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Cohen S. N., Chang A. C., Hsu L. Nonchromosomal antibiotic resistance in bacteria: genetic transformation of Escherichia coli by R-factor DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Aug;69(8):2110–2114. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.8.2110. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Company M., Adler C., Errede B. Identification of a Ty1 regulatory sequence responsive to STE7 and STE12. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;8(6):2545–2554. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.6.2545. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Company M., Errede B. A Ty1 cell-type-specific regulatory sequence is a recognition element for a constitutive binding factor. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Dec;8(12):5299–5309. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.12.5299. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Coney L. R., Roeder G. S. Control of yeast gene expression by transposable elements: maximum expression requires a functional Ty activator sequence and a defective Ty promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;8(10):4009–4017. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.10.4009. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Davis R. W., Thomas M., Cameron J., St John T. P., Scherer S., Padgett R. A. Rapid DNA isolations for enzymatic and hybridization analysis. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):404–411. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65051-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Degols G., Jauniaux J. C., Wiame J. M. Molecular characterization of transposable-element-associated mutations that lead to constitutive L-ornithine aminotransferase expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem. 1987 Jun 1;165(2):289–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb11440.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Dubois E., Jacobs E., Jauniaux J. C. Expression of the ROAM mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: involvement of trans-acting regulatory elements and relation with the Ty1 transcription. EMBO J. 1982;1(9):1133–1139. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01308.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Elder R. T., Loh E. Y., Davis R. W. RNA from the yeast transposable element Ty1 has both ends in the direct repeats, a structure similar to retrovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(9):2432–2436. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.9.2432. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Errede B., Cardillo T. S., Sherman F., Dubois E., Deschamps J., Wiame J. M. Mating signals control expression of mutations resulting from insertion of a transposable repetitive element adjacent to diverse yeast genes. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(2 Pt 2):427–436. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90353-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Errede B., Company M., Ferchak J. D., Hutchison C. A., 3rd, Yarnell W. S. Activation regions in a yeast transposon have homology to mating type control sequences and to mammalian enhancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5423–5427. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.16.5423. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Errede B., Company M., Hutchison C. A., 3rd Ty1 sequence with enhancer and mating-type-dependent regulatory activities. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):258–265. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.1.258. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. "A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity". Addendum. Anal Biochem. 1984 Feb;137(1):266–267. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90381-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Garfinkel D. J., Boeke J. D., Fink G. R. Ty element transposition: reverse transcriptase and virus-like particles. Cell. 1985 Sep;42(2):507–517. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90108-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Hansen L. J., Chalker D. L., Sandmeyer S. B. Ty3, a yeast retrotransposon associated with tRNA genes, has homology to animal retroviruses. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Dec;8(12):5245–5256. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.12.5245. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Hinnen A., Hicks J. B., Fink G. R. Transformation of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Apr;75(4):1929–1933. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.4.1929. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Ito H., Fukuda Y., Murata K., Kimura A. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):163–168. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.163-168.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Jauniaux J. C., Dubois E., Vissers S., Crabeel M., Wiame J. M. Molecular cloning, DNA structure, and RNA analysis of the arginase gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A study of cis-dominant regulatory mutations. EMBO J. 1982;1(9):1125–1131. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01307.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Johnston M., Davis R. W. Sequences that regulate the divergent GAL1-GAL10 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Aug;4(8):1440–1448. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.8.1440. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Kingsman A. J., Gimlich R. L., Clarke L., Chinault A. C., Carbon J. Sequence variation in dispersed repetitive sequences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Mol Biol. 1981 Feb 5;145(4):619–632. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90306-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Kurjan J., Herskowitz I. Structure of a yeast pheromone gene (MF alpha): a putative alpha-factor precursor contains four tandem copies of mature alpha-factor. Cell. 1982 Oct;30(3):933–943. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90298-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Laughon A., Gesteland R. F. Isolation and preliminary characterization of the GAL4 gene, a positive regulator of transcription in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(22):6827–6831. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.22.6827. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Lemoine Y., Dubois E., Wiame J. M. The regulation of urea amidolyase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: mating type influence on a constitutivity mutation acting in cis. Mol Gen Genet. 1978 Nov 9;166(3):251–258. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Losson R., Lacroute F. Cloning of a eukaryotic regulatory gene. Mol Gen Genet. 1981;184(3):394–399. doi: 10.1007/BF00352511. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Mellor J., Fulton S. M., Dobson M. J., Wilson W., Kingsman S. M., Kingsman A. J. A retrovirus-like strategy for expression of a fusion protein encoded by yeast transposon Ty1. Nature. 1985 Jan 17;313(5999):243–246. doi: 10.1038/313243a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Messing J., Vieira J. A new pair of M13 vectors for selecting either DNA strand of double-digest restriction fragments. Gene. 1982 Oct;19(3):269–276. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90016-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Myers A. M., Tzagoloff A., Kinney D. M., Lusty C. J. Yeast shuttle and integrative vectors with multiple cloning sites suitable for construction of lacZ fusions. Gene. 1986;45(3):299–310. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(86)90028-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Roeder G. S., Farabaugh P. J., Chaleff D. T., Fink G. R. The origins of gene instability in yeast. Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1375–1380. doi: 10.1126/science.6251544. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Roeder G. S., Rose A. B., Pearlman R. E. Transposable element sequences involved in the enhancement of yeast gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5428–5432. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.16.5428. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Rothstein R. J. One-step gene disruption in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:202–211. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01015-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Rymond B. C., Zitomer R. S., Schümperli D., Rosenberg M. The expression in yeast of the Escherichia coli galK gene on CYC1::galK fusion plasmids. Gene. 1983 Nov;25(2-3):249–262. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(83)90229-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Sanger F. Determination of nucleotide sequences in DNA. Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1205–1210. doi: 10.1126/science.7302589. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Shannon K. W., Rabinowitz J. C. Isolation and characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MIS1 gene encoding mitochondrial C1-tetrahydrofolate synthase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 5;263(16):7717–7725. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Warmington J. R., Waring R. B., Newlon C. S., Indge K. J., Oliver S. G. Nucleotide sequence characterization of Ty 1-17, a class II transposon from yeast. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Sep 25;13(18):6679–6693. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.18.6679. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Whitney P. A., Cooper T. G. Urea carboxylase and allophanate hydrolase. Two components of adenosine triphosphate:urea amido-lyase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1972 Mar 10;247(5):1349–1353. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Williamson V. M., Cox D., Young E. T., Russell D. W., Smith M. Characterization of transposable element-associated mutations that alter yeast alcohol dehydrogenase II expression. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Jan;3(1):20–31. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.1.20. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Williamson V. M., Young E. T., Ciriacy M. Transposable elements associated with constitutive expression of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase II. Cell. 1981 Feb;23(2):605–614. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90156-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES