Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1990 Nov;10(11):5626–5633. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.11.5626

Revertants of v-fos-transformed rat fibroblasts: suppression of transformation is dominant.

R Wisdom 1, I M Verma 1
PMCID: PMC361322  PMID: 2172782

Abstract

Phenotypic revertants of Finkel-Biskis-Riley (FBR)-murine sarcoma virus-transformed rat fibroblasts were isolated on the basis of their adherence to plastic tissue culture dishes in the absence of divalent cations. Some revertants had sustained deletions or inactivating mutations of the v-fos gene. However, two revertants expressed a functional v-fos gene at levels equal to that in the transformed parental cells, and therefore phenotypic reversion was due to mutations in nonviral genes. These revertants were considered nontransformed according to four criteria: (i) they were flat and had a nontransformed morphology, (ii) they were contact inhibited when grown to confluence, (iii) they did not display anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, and (iv) they did not form tumors in nude mice. Somatic-cell hybrids between the revertants and the transformed parental cells were nontransformed, suggesting that the revertants had sustained an activating mutation of a gene capable of suppressing transformation. The expression of c-jun, junB, and junD was not altered in the revertants, and they could not be transformed by transfection with a c-jun expression vector. The revertants were resistant to transformation by an activated c-Ha-ras gene but were susceptible to transformation by simian virus 40. Our results demonstrate the existence of a class of revertants that harbor genes capable of suppressing transformation by v-fos and some other oncogenes. This contrasts with previously described revertants of transformation by v-fos that contain recessive mutations.

Full text

PDF
5626

Images in this article

5628Image
on p.5628
5628Image
on p.5628
5629Image
on p.5629
5629Image
on p.5629
5630Image
on p.5630

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Angel P., Imagawa M., Chiu R., Stein B., Imbra R. J., Rahmsdorf H. J., Jonat C., Herrlich P., Karin M. Phorbol ester-inducible genes contain a common cis element recognized by a TPA-modulated trans-acting factor. Cell. 1987 Jun 19;49(6):729–739. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90611-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Auffray C., Rougeon F. Purification of mouse immunoglobulin heavy-chain messenger RNAs from total myeloma tumor RNA. Eur J Biochem. 1980 Jun;107(2):303–314. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb06030.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chiu R., Boyle W. J., Meek J., Smeal T., Hunter T., Karin M. The c-Fos protein interacts with c-Jun/AP-1 to stimulate transcription of AP-1 responsive genes. Cell. 1988 Aug 12;54(4):541–552. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90076-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Church G. M., Gilbert W. Genomic sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1991–1995. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.7.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cohen D. R., Curran T. fra-1: a serum-inducible, cellular immediate-early gene that encodes a fos-related antigen. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2063–2069. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.5.2063. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Curran T., Miller A. D., Zokas L., Verma I. M. Viral and cellular fos proteins: a comparative analysis. Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):259–268. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90219-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Curran T., Peters G., Van Beveren C., Teich N. M., Verma I. M. FBJ murine osteosarcoma virus: identification and molecular cloning of biologically active proviral DNA. J Virol. 1982 Nov;44(2):674–682. doi: 10.1128/jvi.44.2.674-682.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Curran T., Verma I. M. FBR murine osteosarcoma virus. I. Molecular analysis and characterization of a 75,000-Da gag-fos fusion product. Virology. 1984 May;135(1):218–228. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90132-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Distel R. J., Ro H. S., Rosen B. S., Groves D. L., Spiegelman B. M. Nucleoprotein complexes that regulate gene expression in adipocyte differentiation: direct participation of c-fos. Cell. 1987 Jun 19;49(6):835–844. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90621-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Haynes J. R., Downing J. R. A recessive cellular mutation in v-fes-transformed mink cells restores contact inhibition and anchorage-dependent growth. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;8(6):2419–2427. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.6.2419. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Herskowitz I. Functional inactivation of genes by dominant negative mutations. Nature. 1987 Sep 17;329(6136):219–222. doi: 10.1038/329219a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jenuwein T., Müller D., Curran T., Müller R. Extended life span and tumorigenicity of nonestablished mouse connective tissue cells transformed by the fos oncogene of FBR-MuSV. Cell. 1985 Jun;41(2):629–637. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80035-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kitayama H., Sugimoto Y., Matsuzaki T., Ikawa Y., Noda M. A ras-related gene with transformation suppressor activity. Cell. 1989 Jan 13;56(1):77–84. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90985-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kuzumaki N., Ogiso Y., Oda A., Fujita H., Suzuki H., Sato C., Müllauer L. Resistance to oncogenic transformation in revertant R1 of human ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 May;9(5):2258–2263. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.5.2258. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lamph W. W., Wamsley P., Sassone-Corsi P., Verma I. M. Induction of proto-oncogene JUN/AP-1 by serum and TPA. Nature. 1988 Aug 18;334(6183):629–631. doi: 10.1038/334629a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lee W., Haslinger A., Karin M., Tjian R. Activation of transcription by two factors that bind promoter and enhancer sequences of the human metallothionein gene and SV40. Nature. 1987 Jan 22;325(6102):368–372. doi: 10.1038/325368a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Matrisian L. M., Glaichenhaus N., Gesnel M. C., Breathnach R. Epidermal growth factor and oncogenes induce transcription of the same cellular mRNA in rat fibroblasts. EMBO J. 1985 Jun;4(6):1435–1440. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03799.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Matsui M., Tokuhara M., Konuma Y., Nomura N., Ishizaki R. Isolation of human fos-related genes and their expression during monocyte-macrophage differentiation. Oncogene. 1990 Mar;5(3):249–255. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Miller A. D., Curran T., Verma I. M. c-fos protein can induce cellular transformation: a novel mechanism of activation of a cellular oncogene. Cell. 1984 Jan;36(1):51–60. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90073-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Miller A. D., Jolly D. J., Friedmann T., Verma I. M. A transmissible retrovirus expressing human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT): gene transfer into cells obtained from humans deficient in HPRT. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Aug;80(15):4709–4713. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.15.4709. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Nishina H., Sato H., Suzuki T., Sato M., Iba H. Isolation and characterization of fra-2, an additional member of the fos gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(9):3619–3623. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.9.3619. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Noda M., Selinger Z., Scolnick E. M., Bassin R. H. Flat revertants isolated from Kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed cells are resistant to the action of specific oncogenes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Sep;80(18):5602–5606. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.18.5602. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Norton J. D., Cook F., Roberts P. C., Clewley J. P., Avery R. J. Expression of Kirsten murine sarcoma virus in transformed nonproducer and revertant NIH/3T3 cells: evidence for cell-mediated resistance to a viral oncogene in phenotypic reversion. J Virol. 1984 May;50(2):439–444. doi: 10.1128/jvi.50.2.439-444.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Rauscher F. J., 3rd, Cohen D. R., Curran T., Bos T. J., Vogt P. K., Bohmann D., Tjian R., Franza B. R., Jr Fos-associated protein p39 is the product of the jun proto-oncogene. Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):1010–1016. doi: 10.1126/science.3130660. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Rauscher F. J., 3rd, Voulalas P. J., Franza B. R., Jr, Curran T. Fos and Jun bind cooperatively to the AP-1 site: reconstitution in vitro. Genes Dev. 1988 Dec;2(12B):1687–1699. doi: 10.1101/gad.2.12b.1687. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ryder K., Lanahan A., Perez-Albuerne E., Nathans D. jun-D: a third member of the jun gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(5):1500–1503. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.5.1500. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Ryder K., Lau L. F., Nathans D. A gene activated by growth factors is related to the oncogene v-jun. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1487–1491. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.5.1487. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Sassone-Corsi P., Der C. J., Verma I. M. ras-induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells: possible involvement of fos and jun. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Aug;9(8):3174–3183. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.8.3174. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sassone-Corsi P., Lamph W. W., Kamps M., Verma I. M. fos-associated cellular p39 is related to nuclear transcription factor AP-1. Cell. 1988 Aug 12;54(4):553–560. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90077-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Sassone-Corsi P., Sisson J. C., Verma I. M. Transcriptional autoregulation of the proto-oncogene fos. Nature. 1988 Jul 28;334(6180):314–319. doi: 10.1038/334314a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Schuermann M., Neuberg M., Hunter J. B., Jenuwein T., Ryseck R. P., Bravo R., Müller R. The leucine repeat motif in Fos protein mediates complex formation with Jun/AP-1 and is required for transformation. Cell. 1989 Feb 10;56(3):507–516. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90253-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Setoyama C., Frunzio R., Liau G., Mudryj M., de Crombrugghe B. Transcriptional activation encoded by the v-fos gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 May;83(10):3213–3217. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.10.3213. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Sonnenberg J. L., Rauscher F. J., 3rd, Morgan J. I., Curran T. Regulation of proenkephalin by Fos and Jun. Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1622–1625. doi: 10.1126/science.2512642. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Stephenson J. R., Reynolds R. K., Aaronson S. A. Characterization of morphologic revertants of murine and avian sarcoma virus-transformed cells. J Virol. 1973 Feb;11(2):218–222. doi: 10.1128/jvi.11.2.218-222.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Stone J., de Lange T., Ramsay G., Jakobovits E., Bishop J. M., Varmus H., Lee W. Definition of regions in human c-myc that are involved in transformation and nuclear localization. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 May;7(5):1697–1709. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.5.1697. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Van Beveren C., Enami S., Curran T., Verma I. M. FBR murine osteosarcoma virus. II. Nucleotide sequence of the provirus reveals that the genome contains sequences acquired from two cellular genes. Virology. 1984 May;135(1):229–243. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90133-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Zarbl H., Latreille J., Jolicoeur P. Revertants of v-fos-transformed fibroblasts have mutations in cellular genes essential for transformation by other oncogenes. Cell. 1987 Nov 6;51(3):357–369. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90632-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Zerial M., Toschi L., Ryseck R. P., Schuermann M., Müller R., Bravo R. The product of a novel growth factor activated gene, fos B, interacts with JUN proteins enhancing their DNA binding activity. EMBO J. 1989 Mar;8(3):805–813. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03441.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES