Table 4.

Delta-¹³C (lipid corrected) and δ¹⁵N signatures of one- (K1) and two- (K2) year old carp, pond zooplankton, and supplementary feeds (‰; mean ± SD). Diets: natural pond diet (Ref.), cereal diet with 1% (VO1) and 3% vegetable oil (VO3), compound feeds with 6% (FO6), 10% (FO10) and 18% fish oil (FO18). n/a: samples not available.

2008	Carp K1 (summer)		Zooplankton (summer)		Carp K1 (fall)		Zooplankton (fall)		Supplementary feeds
	δ13C	δ15	δ13C	δ15N	δ13C	δ15N	δ13C	δ15N	δ13C	δ15N
Ref.	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	− 31.2 ± 0.3	10.8 ± 0.4	− 31.6 ± 0.3	8.4 ± 0.1	n/a	n/a
VO1	− 27.4 ± 0.2	8.7 ± 0.3	− 24.8 ± 0.3	6.0 ± 0.2	n/a	n/a	− 25.4 ± 1.0	6.0 ± 0.3	− 21.9 ± 0.0	2.8 ± 0.0
VO3	− 29.5 ± 0.8	11.7 ± 0.0	− 31.9 ± 1.0	9.0 ± 0.5	− 28.2 ± 0.3	10.8 ± 0.2	− 31.3 ± 0.3	9.0 ± 0.5	− 22.7 ± 0.0	3.4 ± 0.0
FO6	− 23.0 ± 0.4	8.5 ± 0.4	− 31.5 ± 1.4	8.0 ± 0.3	− 23.4 ± 0.0	6.9 ± 0.2	− 22.0 ± 0.2	7.6 ± 0.1	− 16.3 ± 0.0	2.6 ± 0.0
FO10	− 23.0 ± 0.2	8.3 ± 0.4	− 32.0 ± 0.2	9.2 ± 0.1	− 22.8 ± 0.1	7.8 ± 0.1	− 28.2 ± 0.6	8.7 ± 0.3	− 20.9 ± 0.0	4.7 ± 0.0
FO18	− 22.5 ± 0.3	9.6 ± 0.2	− 30.5 ± 0.5	12.1 ± 0.2	− 22.2 ± 0.2	9.0 ± 0.2	− 24.5 ± 0.2	8.7 ± 0.5	− 21.0 ± 0.0	5.8 ± 0.0
2009	Carp K2 (summer)		Zooplankton (summer)		Carp K2 (fall)		Zooplankton (fall)		Supplementary feeds
δ13C	δ15N	δ13C	δ15N	δ13C	δ15N	δ13C	δ15N	δ13C	δ15N
Ref.	n/a	n/a	− 35.0 ± 1.2	9.0 ± 0.6	− 30.6 ± 1.7	10.3 ± 0.3	− 33.8 ± 2.3	9.0 ± 0.3	n/a	n/a
VO1	− 25.8 ± 2.4	9.0 ± 0.4	− 28.1 ± 0.9	6.7 ± 0.6	− 26.4 ± 0.7	9.2 ± 1.2	− 26.1 ± 0.2	6.1 ± 0.0	− 22.1 ± 0.0	3.1 ± 0.0
VO3	− 27.3 ± 0.2	7.9 ± 0.3	− 30.4 ± 0.7	5.3 ± 0.2	− 28.1 ± 0.1	7.6 ± 0.2	− 27.9 ± 1.7	3.7 ± 1.3	− 22.5 ± 0.0	3.2 ± 0.0
FO6	− 24.2 ± 0.2	7.9 ± 0.4	− 24.7 ± 0.1	8.2 ± 0.4	− 24.2 ± 0.4	7.5 ± 0.3	− 26.0 ± 0.6	7.9 ± 0.1	− 21.7 ± 0.0	3.0 ± 0.0
FO10	− 23.5 ± 0.1	7.9 ± 0.2	− 27.0 ± 0.5	9.6 ± 0.5	− 23.1 ± 0.5	8.2 ± 0.1	− 27.7 ± 1.8	8.9 ± 1.4	− 21.2 ± 0.0	5.4 ± 0.0
FO18	− 24.6 ± 0.2	10.3 ± 0.6	− 30.0 ± 1.0	7.5 ± 0.8	− 24.2 ± 0.3	10.4 ± 0.4	− 32.3 ± 0.3	11.0 ± 0.3	− 21.4 ± 0.0	7.3 ± 0.0