Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1989 Jul;9(7):3000–3008. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.7.3000

SSC1, an essential member of the yeast HSP70 multigene family, encodes a mitochondrial protein.

E A Craig 1, J Kramer 1, J Shilling 1, M Werner-Washburne 1, S Holmes 1, J Kosic-Smithers 1, C M Nicolet 1
PMCID: PMC362768  PMID: 2674677

Abstract

SSC1 is an essential member of the yeast HSP70 multigene family (E. Craig, J. Kramer, and J. Kosic-Smithers, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:4156-4160, 1987). Analysis of the SSC1 DNA sequence revealed that it could encode a 70,627-dalton protein that is more similar to DnaK, an Escherichia coli hsp70 protein, than other yeast hsp70s whose sequences have been determined. Ssc1p was found to have an amino-terminal extension of 28 amino acids, in comparison with either Ssa1p, another hsp70 yeast protein, or Dnak. This putative leader is rich in basic and hydroxyl amino acids, characteristic of many mitochondrial leader sequences. Ssc1p that was synthesized in vitro could be imported into mitochondria and was cleaved in the process. The imported protein comigrated with an abundant mitochondrial protein that reacted with hsp70-specific antibodies. We conclude that Ssc1p is a mitochondrial protein and that hsp70 proteins perform functions in many compartments of the cell.

Full text

PDF
3000

Images in this article

3004Image
on p.3004
3004Image
on p.3004
3004Image
on p.3004
3005Image
on p.3005
3005Image
on p.3005
3006Image
on p.3006

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bardwell J. C., Craig E. A. Major heat shock gene of Drosophila and the Escherichia coli heat-inducible dnaK gene are homologous. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(3):848–852. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.3.848. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chappell T. G., Welch W. J., Schlossman D. M., Palter K. B., Schlesinger M. J., Rothman J. E. Uncoating ATPase is a member of the 70 kilodalton family of stress proteins. Cell. 1986 Apr 11;45(1):3–13. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90532-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chirico W. J., Waters M. G., Blobel G. 70K heat shock related proteins stimulate protein translocation into microsomes. Nature. 1988 Apr 28;332(6167):805–810. doi: 10.1038/332805a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Craig E. A., Ingolia T. D., Manseau L. J. Expression of Drosophila heat-shock cognate genes during heat shock and development. Dev Biol. 1983 Oct;99(2):418–426. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(83)90291-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Craig E. A., Jacobsen K. Mutations in cognate genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae hsp70 result in reduced growth rates at low temperatures. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Dec;5(12):3517–3524. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.12.3517. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Craig E. A., Kramer J., Kosic-Smithers J. SSC1, a member of the 70-kDa heat shock protein multigene family of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is essential for growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(12):4156–4160. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.12.4156. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Daum G., Böhni P. C., Schatz G. Import of proteins into mitochondria. Cytochrome b2 and cytochrome c peroxidase are located in the intermembrane space of yeast mitochondria. J Biol Chem. 1982 Nov 10;257(21):13028–13033. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Deshaies R. J., Koch B. D., Werner-Washburne M., Craig E. A., Schekman R. A subfamily of stress proteins facilitates translocation of secretory and mitochondrial precursor polypeptides. Nature. 1988 Apr 28;332(6167):800–805. doi: 10.1038/332800a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Douglas M. G., McCammon M. T., Vassarotti A. Targeting proteins into mitochondria. Microbiol Rev. 1986 Jun;50(2):166–178. doi: 10.1128/mr.50.2.166-178.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gasser S. M., Daum G., Schatz G. Import of proteins into mitochondria. Energy-dependent uptake of precursors by isolated mitochondria. J Biol Chem. 1982 Nov 10;257(21):13034–13041. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gribskov M., Burgess R. R. Sigma factors from E. coli, B. subtilis, phage SP01, and phage T4 are homologous proteins. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Aug 26;14(16):6745–6763. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.16.6745. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Haas I. G., Wabl M. Immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein. Nature. 1983 Nov 24;306(5941):387–389. doi: 10.1038/306387a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hendershot L. M., Ting J., Lee A. S. Identity of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein with the 78,000-dalton glucose-regulated protein and the role of posttranslational modifications in its binding function. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;8(10):4250–4256. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.10.4250. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hunt C., Morimoto R. I. Conserved features of eukaryotic hsp70 genes revealed by comparison with the nucleotide sequence of human hsp70. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6455–6459. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.19.6455. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Ingolia T. D., Slater M. R., Craig E. A. Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a complex multigene family related to the major heat shock-inducible gene of Drosophila. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Nov;2(11):1388–1398. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.11.1388. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Jensen R. E., Yaffe M. P. Import of proteins into yeast mitochondria: the nuclear MAS2 gene encodes a component of the processing protease that is homologous to the MAS1-encoded subunit. EMBO J. 1988 Dec 1;7(12):3863–3871. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03272.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lindquist S., Craig E. A. The heat-shock proteins. Annu Rev Genet. 1988;22:631–677. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.22.120188.003215. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Munro S., Pelham H. R. An Hsp70-like protein in the ER: identity with the 78 kd glucose-regulated protein and immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein. Cell. 1986 Jul 18;46(2):291–300. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90746-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Needleman S. B., Wunsch C. D. A general method applicable to the search for similarities in the amino acid sequence of two proteins. J Mol Biol. 1970 Mar;48(3):443–453. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90057-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Palter K. B., Watanabe M., Stinson L., Mahowald A. P., Craig E. A. Expression and localization of Drosophila melanogaster hsp70 cognate proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Apr;6(4):1187–1203. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.4.1187. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Pelham H. R. Speculations on the functions of the major heat shock and glucose-regulated proteins. Cell. 1986 Sep 26;46(7):959–961. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90693-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Slater M. R., Craig E. A. The SSA1 and SSA2 genes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jan 25;17(2):805–806. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.2.805. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Tainer J. A., Getzoff E. D., Paterson Y., Olson A. J., Lerner R. A. The atomic mobility component of protein antigenicity. Annu Rev Immunol. 1985;3:501–535. doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.03.040185.002441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Velazquez J. M., Lindquist S. hsp70: nuclear concentration during environmental stress and cytoplasmic storage during recovery. Cell. 1984 Mar;36(3):655–662. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90345-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Welch W. J., Feramisco J. R. Nuclear and nucleolar localization of the 72,000-dalton heat shock protein in heat-shocked mammalian cells. J Biol Chem. 1984 Apr 10;259(7):4501–4513. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Welch W. J., Feramisco J. R. Rapid purification of mammalian 70,000-dalton stress proteins: affinity of the proteins for nucleotides. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jun;5(6):1229–1237. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.6.1229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Werner-Washburne M., Becker J., Kosic-Smithers J., Craig E. A. Yeast Hsp70 RNA levels vary in response to the physiological status of the cell. J Bacteriol. 1989 May;171(5):2680–2688. doi: 10.1128/jb.171.5.2680-2688.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Werner-Washburne M., Stone D. E., Craig E. A. Complex interactions among members of an essential subfamily of hsp70 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jul;7(7):2568–2577. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.7.2568. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Witte C., Jensen R. E., Yaffe M. P., Schatz G. MAS1, a gene essential for yeast mitochondrial assembly, encodes a subunit of the mitochondrial processing protease. EMBO J. 1988 May;7(5):1439–1447. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02961.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Yaffe M. P., Ohta S., Schatz G. A yeast mutant temperature-sensitive for mitochondrial assembly is deficient in a mitochondrial protease activity that cleaves imported precursor polypeptides. EMBO J. 1985 Aug;4(8):2069–2074. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03893.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Yang M., Jensen R. E., Yaffe M. P., Oppliger W., Schatz G. Import of proteins into yeast mitochondria: the purified matrix processing protease contains two subunits which are encoded by the nuclear MAS1 and MAS2 genes. EMBO J. 1988 Dec 1;7(12):3857–3862. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03271.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES