Table 4.

 Differences at five year follow-up in self reported outcomes between participants randomised to surgery and those randomised to medical management for chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

	Intention to treat			Adjusted for treatment received
	Mean difference (95% CI)*	P value		Mean difference (95% CI)*	P value
REFLUX total score†	8.3 (3.2 to 13.4)	0.001		11.6 (3.5 to 19.8)	0.005
REFLUX symptom scores:
General discomfort	11.82 (6.50 to 17.14)	<0.001		15.59 (7.52 to 23.66)	<0.001
Wind and frequency	3.34 (−1.98 to 8.66)	0.218‡		5.12 (−3.50 to 13.73)	0.243‡
Nausea and vomiting	4.97 (1.53 to 8.41)	0.005		7.32 (2.04 to 12.60)	0.007
Activity limitation	5.97 (2.03 to 9.91)	0.003		8.27 (2.03 to 14.52)	0.010
Constipation and swallowing	2.54 (−2.09 to 7.18)	0.281‡		4.11 (−3.40 to 11.62)	0.282‡
SF-36 scores (norm based):
Physical functioning	2.01 (−0.26 to 4.28)	0.082‡		3.35 (−0.33 to 7.03)	0.074‡
Role physical	0.57 (−2.10 to 3.24)	0.674‡		1.14 (−3.20 to 5.47)	0.606‡
Bodily pain	1.52 (−0.90 to 3.94)	0.218‡		1.65 (−2.25 to 5.54)	0.406‡
General health	2.76 (0.21 to 5.31)	0.034		3.79 (−0.29 to 7.88)	0.068‡
Vitality	0.37 (−2.23 to 2.98)	0.777‡		0.19 (−4.03 to 4.41)	0.928‡
Social functioning	1.72 (−1.05 to 4.49)	0.221‡		2.36 (−2.13 to 6.84)	0.301‡
Role emotional	2.67 (0.07 to 5.27)	0.044		4.56 (0.34 to 8.79)	0.034
Mental health	0.59 (−1.96 to 3.14)	0.650‡		0.40 (−3.72 to 4.51)	0.849‡
EQ-5D score	0.047 (−0.013 to 0.108)	0.126‡		0.069 (−0.029 to 0.167)	0.168‡

*Difference is surgery group minus medical group. Analyses adjusted for body mass index, age, sex, baseline score, and baseline-group interaction unless stated otherwise.

†REFLUX questionnaire a disease-specific measure of quality of life (score range 0–100).

‡Adjusted for body mass index, age, sex, and baseline score.