Abstract
A set of DNA clones comprising 48 independent HindIII fragments (215 kilobases of sequence) was derived from the N-myc amplification unit of the neuroblastoma cell line NGP. These clones were used to investigate N-myc amplification units in NGP cells and 12 primary neuroblastoma tumors. Three parameters were evaluated: (i) the number of rearrangements from germ line configuration that had occurred during the amplification process; (ii) the homogeneity of amplification units within individual tumors; and (iii) the conservation of amplified sequences among different tumors. The results indicated that remarkably few rearrangements had occurred during amplification, that the amplification units within any one tumor were quite homogeneous, and that although each tumor contained a unique pattern of amplified DNA fragments, there was considerable similarity between the amplification units of different tumors. In particular, the amplification units were strikingly similar over a contiguous domain of at least 140 kilobases surrounding the N-myc structural gene.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Alitalo K. Amplification of cellular oncogenes in cancer cells. Med Biol. 1984;62(6):304–317. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ardeshir F., Giulotto E., Zieg J., Brison O., Liao W. S., Stark G. R. Structure of amplified DNA in different Syrian hamster cell lines resistant to N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Nov;3(11):2076–2088. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.11.2076. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brodeur G. M., Seeger R. C. Gene amplification in human neuroblastomas: basic mechanisms and clinical implications. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1986 Jan 1;19(1-2):101–111. doi: 10.1016/0165-4608(86)90377-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brodeur G. M., Seeger R. C., Schwab M., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M. Amplification of N-myc in untreated human neuroblastomas correlates with advanced disease stage. Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1121–1124. doi: 10.1126/science.6719137. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Caizzi R., Bostock C. J. Gene amplification in methotrexate-resistant mouse cells. IV. Different DNA sequences are amplified in different resistant lines. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Nov 11;10(21):6597–6618. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.21.6597. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chen M. J., Shimada T., Moulton A. D., Harrison M., Nienhuis A. W. Intronless human dihydrofolate reductase genes are derived from processed RNA molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(23):7435–7439. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.23.7435. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Federspiel N. A., Beverley S. M., Schilling J. W., Schimke R. T. Novel DNA rearrangements are associated with dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification. J Biol Chem. 1984 Jul 25;259(14):9127–9140. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. "A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity". Addendum. Anal Biochem. 1984 Feb;137(1):266–267. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90381-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Frischauf A. M., Lehrach H., Poustka A., Murray N. Lambda replacement vectors carrying polylinker sequences. J Mol Biol. 1983 Nov 15;170(4):827–842. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80190-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Giulotto E., Saito I., Stark G. R. Structure of DNA formed in the first step of CAD gene amplification. EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2115–2121. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04474.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gross-Bellard M., Oudet P., Chambon P. Isolation of high-molecular-weight DNA from mammalian cells. Eur J Biochem. 1973 Jul 2;36(1):32–38. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02881.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hamlin J. L., Milbrandt J. D., Heintz N. H., Azizkhan J. C. DNA sequence amplification in mammalian cells. Int Rev Cytol. 1984;90:31–82. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61487-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ish-Horowicz D., Burke J. F. Rapid and efficient cosmid cloning. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Jul 10;9(13):2989–2998. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.13.2989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kinzler K. W., Bigner S. H., Bigner D. D., Trent J. M., Law M. L., O'Brien S. J., Wong A. J., Vogelstein B. Identification of an amplified, highly expressed gene in a human glioma. Science. 1987 Apr 3;236(4797):70–73. doi: 10.1126/science.3563490. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kinzler K. W., Zehnbauer B. A., Brodeur G. M., Seeger R. C., Trent J. M., Meltzer P. S., Vogelstein B. Amplification units containing human N-myc and c-myc genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Feb;83(4):1031–1035. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.4.1031. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kohl N. E., Legouy E., DePinho R. A., Nisen P. D., Smith R. K., Gee C. E., Alt F. W. Human N-myc is closely related in organization and nucleotide sequence to c-myc. Nature. 1986 Jan 2;319(6048):73–77. doi: 10.1038/319073a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee W. H., Murphree A. L., Benedict W. F. Expression and amplification of the N-myc gene in primary retinoblastoma. 1984 May 31-Jun 6Nature. 309(5967):458–460. doi: 10.1038/309458a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Libermann T. A., Nusbaum H. R., Razon N., Kris R., Lax I., Soreq H., Whittle N., Waterfield M. D., Ullrich A., Schlessinger J. Amplification, enhanced expression and possible rearrangement of EGF receptor gene in primary human brain tumours of glial origin. Nature. 1985 Jan 10;313(5998):144–147. doi: 10.1038/313144a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Looney J. E., Hamlin J. L. Isolation of the amplified dihydrofolate reductase domain from methotrexate-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Feb;7(2):569–577. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.2.569. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Montoya-Zavala M., Hamlin J. L. Similar 150-kilobase DNA sequences are amplified in independently derived methotrexate-resistant Chinese hamster cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Apr;5(4):619–627. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.4.619. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nader W. F., Edlind T. D., Huettermann A., Sauer H. W. Cloning of Physarum actin sequences in an exonuclease-deficient bacterial host. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(9):2698–2702. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.9.2698. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nau M. M., Brooks B. J., Jr, Carney D. N., Gazdar A. F., Battey J. F., Sausville E. A., Minna J. D. Human small-cell lung cancers show amplification and expression of the N-myc gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Feb;83(4):1092–1096. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.4.1092. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reed K. C., Mann D. A. Rapid transfer of DNA from agarose gels to nylon membranes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Oct 25;13(20):7207–7221. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.20.7207. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roberts T. M., Swanberg S. L., Poteete A., Riedel G., Backman K. A plasmid cloning vehicle allowing a positive selection for inserted fragments. Gene. 1980 Dec;12(1-2):123–127. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(80)90022-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roninson I. B., Abelson H. T., Housman D. E., Howell N., Varshavsky A. Amplification of specific DNA sequences correlates with multi-drug resistance in Chinese hamster cells. Nature. 1984 Jun 14;309(5969):626–628. doi: 10.1038/309626a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roninson I. B. Detection and mapping of homologous, repeated and amplified DNA sequences by DNA renaturation in agarose gels. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 25;11(16):5413–5431. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.16.5413. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schimke R. T. Gene amplification in cultured animal cells. Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):705–713. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90406-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schwab M., Alitalo K., Klempnauer K. H., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M., Gilbert F., Brodeur G., Goldstein M., Trent J. Amplified DNA with limited homology to myc cellular oncogene is shared by human neuroblastoma cell lines and a neuroblastoma tumour. Nature. 1983 Sep 15;305(5931):245–248. doi: 10.1038/305245a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sealey P. G., Whittaker P. A., Southern E. M. Removal of repeated sequences from hybridisation probes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Mar 25;13(6):1905–1922. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.6.1905. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Seeger R. C., Brodeur G. M., Sather H., Dalton A., Siegel S. E., Wong K. Y., Hammond D. Association of multiple copies of the N-myc oncogene with rapid progression of neuroblastomas. N Engl J Med. 1985 Oct 31;313(18):1111–1116. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198510313131802. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shiloh Y., Korf B., Kohl N. E., Sakai K., Brodeur G. M., Harris P., Kanda N., Seeger R. C., Alt F., Latt S. A. Amplification and rearrangement of DNA sequences from the chromosomal region 2p24 in human neuroblastomas. Cancer Res. 1986 Oct;46(10):5297–5301. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shiloh Y., Shipley J., Brodeur G. M., Bruns G., Korf B., Donlon T., Schreck R. R., Seeger R., Sakai K., Latt S. A. Differential amplification, assembly, and relocation of multiple DNA sequences in human neuroblastomas and neuroblastoma cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3761–3765. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.11.3761. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stark G. R., Wahl G. M. Gene amplification. Annu Rev Biochem. 1984;53:447–491. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.53.070184.002311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Steinmetz M., Winoto A., Minard K., Hood L. Clusters of genes encoding mouse transplantation antigens. Cell. 1982 Mar;28(3):489–498. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90203-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vogelstein B., Fearon E. R., Hamilton S. R., Preisinger A. C., Willard H. F., Michelson A. M., Riggs A. D., Orkin S. H. Clonal analysis using recombinant DNA probes from the X-chromosome. Cancer Res. 1987 Sep 15;47(18):4806–4813. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vogelstein B. Rapid purification of DNA from agarose gels by centrifugation through a disposable plastic column. Anal Biochem. 1987 Jan;160(1):115–118. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(87)90620-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wong A. J., Bigner S. H., Bigner D. D., Kinzler K. W., Hamilton S. R., Vogelstein B. Increased expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in malignant gliomas is invariably associated with gene amplification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(19):6899–6903. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.19.6899. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wong A. J., Ruppert J. M., Eggleston J., Hamilton S. R., Baylin S. B., Vogelstein B. Gene amplification of c-myc and N-myc in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Science. 1986 Jul 25;233(4762):461–464. doi: 10.1126/science.3014659. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]