Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1993 Oct;13(10):6114–6123. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.10.6114

PUB1: a major yeast poly(A)+ RNA-binding protein.

M J Matunis 1, E L Matunis 1, G Dreyfuss 1
PMCID: PMC364671  PMID: 8413213

Abstract

The expression of RNA polymerase II transcripts can be regulated at the posttranscriptional level by RNA-binding proteins. Although extensively characterized in metazoans, relatively few RNA-binding proteins have been characterized in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three major proteins are cross-linked by UV light to poly(A)+ RNA in living S. cerevisiae cells. These are the 72-kDa poly(A)-binding protein and proteins of 60 and 50 kDa (S.A. Adam, T.Y. Nakagawa, M.S. Swanson, T. Woodruff, and G. Dreyfuss, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:2932-2943, 1986). Here, we describe the 60-kDa protein, one of the major poly(A)+ RNA-binding proteins in S. cerevisiae. This protein, PUB1 [for poly(U)-binding protein 1], was purified by affinity chromatography on immobilized poly(rU), and specific monoclonal antibodies to it were produced. UV cross-linking demonstrated that PUB1 is bound to poly(A)+ RNA (mRNA or pre-mRNA) in living cells, and it was detected primarily in the cytoplasm by indirect immunofluorescence. The gene for PUB1 was cloned and sequenced, and the sequence was found to predict a 51-kDa protein with three ribonucleoprotein consensus RNA-binding domains and three glutamine- and asparagine-rich auxiliary domains. This overall structure is remarkably similar to the structures of the Drosophila melanogaster elav gene product, the human neuronal antigen HuD, and the cytolytic lymphocyte protein TIA-1. Each of these proteins has an important role in development and differentiation, potentially by affecting RNA processing. PUB1 was found to be nonessential in S. cerevisiae by gene replacement; however, further genetic analysis should reveal important features of this class of RNA-binding proteins.

Full text

PDF
6114

Images in this article

6117Image
on p.6117
6117Image
on p.6117
6117Image
on p.6117
6117Image
on p.6117
6118Image
on p.6118
6118Image
on p.6118
6120Image
on p.6120
6121Image
on p.6121

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adam S. A., Nakagawa T., Swanson M. S., Woodruff T. K., Dreyfuss G. mRNA polyadenylate-binding protein: gene isolation and sequencing and identification of a ribonucleoprotein consensus sequence. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Aug;6(8):2932–2943. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.8.2932. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bandziulis R. J., Swanson M. S., Dreyfuss G. RNA-binding proteins as developmental regulators. Genes Dev. 1989 Apr;3(4):431–437. doi: 10.1101/gad.3.4.431. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Ben-David Y., Bani M. R., Chabot B., De Koven A., Bernstein A. Retroviral insertions downstream of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 gene in erythroleukemia cells: evidence that A1 is not essential for cell growth. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Oct;12(10):4449–4455. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.10.4449. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bernstein P., Ross J. Poly(A), poly(A) binding protein and the regulation of mRNA stability. Trends Biochem Sci. 1989 Sep;14(9):373–377. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(89)90011-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Biamonti G., Buvoli M., Bassi M. T., Morandi C., Cobianchi F., Riva S. Isolation of an active gene encoding human hnRNP protein A1. Evidence for alternative splicing. J Mol Biol. 1989 Jun 5;207(3):491–503. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90459-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Breitbart R. E., Andreadis A., Nadal-Ginard B. Alternative splicing: a ubiquitous mechanism for the generation of multiple protein isoforms from single genes. Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:467–495. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.002343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Burd C. G., Swanson M. S., Görlach M., Dreyfuss G. Primary structures of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2, B1, and C2 proteins: a diversity of RNA binding proteins is generated by small peptide inserts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(24):9788–9792. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.24.9788. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cigan A. M., Donahue T. F. Sequence and structural features associated with translational initiator regions in yeast--a review. Gene. 1987;59(1):1–18. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(87)90261-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dreyfuss G., Adam S. A., Choi Y. D. Physical change in cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoproteins in cells treated with inhibitors of mRNA transcription. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):415–423. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.3.415. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dreyfuss G., Choi Y. D., Adam S. A. Characterization of heterogeneous nuclear RNA-protein complexes in vivo with monoclonal antibodies. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jun;4(6):1104–1114. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.6.1104. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dreyfuss G., Matunis M. J., Piñol-Roma S., Burd C. G. hnRNP proteins and the biogenesis of mRNA. Annu Rev Biochem. 1993;62:289–321. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.62.070193.001445. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Dreyfuss G. Structure and function of nuclear and cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1986;2:459–498. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cb.02.110186.002331. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Dreyfuss G., Swanson M. S., Piñol-Roma S. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles and the pathway of mRNA formation. Trends Biochem Sci. 1988 Mar;13(3):86–91. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(88)90046-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Field J., Nikawa J., Broek D., MacDonald B., Rodgers L., Wilson I. A., Lerner R. A., Wigler M. Purification of a RAS-responsive adenylyl cyclase complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by use of an epitope addition method. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2159–2165. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.5.2159. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Grange T., de Sa C. M., Oddos J., Pictet R. Human mRNA polyadenylate binding protein: evolutionary conservation of a nucleic acid binding motif. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Jun 25;15(12):4771–4787. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.12.4771. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Groner B., Phillips S. L. Polyadenylate metabolism in the nuclei and cytoplasm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1975 Jul 25;250(14):5640–5646. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Guthrie C. Messenger RNA splicing in yeast: clues to why the spliceosome is a ribonucleoprotein. Science. 1991 Jul 12;253(5016):157–163. doi: 10.1126/science.1853200. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Görlach M., Wittekind M., Beckman R. A., Mueller L., Dreyfuss G. Interaction of the RNA-binding domain of the hnRNP C proteins with RNA. EMBO J. 1992 Sep;11(9):3289–3295. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05407.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Hoffman D. W., Query C. C., Golden B. L., White S. W., Keene J. D. RNA-binding domain of the A protein component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein analyzed by NMR spectroscopy is structurally similar to ribosomal proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Mar 15;88(6):2495–2499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.6.2495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Ito H., Fukuda Y., Murata K., Kimura A. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):163–168. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.163-168.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Jackson R. J., Standart N. Do the poly(A) tail and 3' untranslated region control mRNA translation? Cell. 1990 Jul 13;62(1):15–24. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90235-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Jong A. Y., Aebersold R., Campbell J. L. Multiple species of single-stranded nucleic acid-binding proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1985 Dec 25;260(30):16367–16374. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Jong A. Y., Clark M. W., Gilbert M., Oehm A., Campbell J. L. Saccharomyces cerevisiae SSB1 protein and its relationship to nucleolar RNA-binding proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Aug;7(8):2947–2955. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.8.2947. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Kay B. K., Sawhney R. K., Wilson S. H. Potential for two isoforms of the A1 ribonucleoprotein in Xenopus laevis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(4):1367–1371. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.4.1367. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Kenan D. J., Query C. C., Keene J. D. RNA recognition: towards identifying determinants of specificity. Trends Biochem Sci. 1991 Jun;16(6):214–220. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(91)90088-d. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Li Y. Q., Sugiura M. Three distinct ribonucleoproteins from tobacco chloroplasts: each contains a unique amino terminal acidic domain and two ribonucleoprotein consensus motifs. EMBO J. 1990 Oct;9(10):3059–3066. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07502.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Matunis E. L., Matunis M. J., Dreyfuss G. Characterization of the major hnRNP proteins from Drosophila melanogaster. J Cell Biol. 1992 Jan;116(2):257–269. doi: 10.1083/jcb.116.2.257. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Matunis M. J., Matunis E. L., Dreyfuss G. Isolation of hnRNP complexes from Drosophila melanogaster. J Cell Biol. 1992 Jan;116(2):245–255. doi: 10.1083/jcb.116.2.245. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Mayeda A., Krainer A. R. Regulation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing by hnRNP A1 and splicing factor SF2. Cell. 1992 Jan 24;68(2):365–375. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90477-t. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Milburn S. C., Hershey J. W., Davies M. V., Kelleher K., Kaufman R. J. Cloning and expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 4B cDNA: sequence determination identifies a common RNA recognition motif. EMBO J. 1990 Sep;9(9):2783–2790. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07466.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Mitchell P. J., Tjian R. Transcriptional regulation in mammalian cells by sequence-specific DNA binding proteins. Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):371–378. doi: 10.1126/science.2667136. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Morimoto R. I. Transcription factors: positive and negative regulators of cell growth and disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1992 Jun;4(3):480–487. doi: 10.1016/0955-0674(92)90015-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Nagai K., Oubridge C., Jessen T. H., Li J., Evans P. R. Crystal structure of the RNA-binding domain of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A. Nature. 1990 Dec 6;348(6301):515–520. doi: 10.1038/348515a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Nakagawa T. Y., Swanson M. S., Wold B. J., Dreyfuss G. Molecular cloning of cDNA for the nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle C proteins: a conserved gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Apr;83(7):2007–2011. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.7.2007. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. O'Farrell P. Z., Goodman H. M., O'Farrell P. H. High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of basic as well as acidic proteins. Cell. 1977 Dec;12(4):1133–1141. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90176-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Pearson W. R., Lipman D. J. Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2444–2448. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2444. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Piñol-Roma S., Choi Y. D., Matunis M. J., Dreyfuss G. Immunopurification of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles reveals an assortment of RNA-binding proteins. Genes Dev. 1988 Feb;2(2):215–227. doi: 10.1101/gad.2.2.215. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Piñol-Roma S., Dreyfuss G. Shuttling of pre-mRNA binding proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm. Nature. 1992 Feb 20;355(6362):730–732. doi: 10.1038/355730a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Piñol-Roma S., Swanson M. S., Matunis M. J., Dreyfuss G. Purification and characterization of proteins of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes by affinity chromatography. Methods Enzymol. 1990;181:326–331. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(90)81133-f. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Raychaudhuri G., Haynes S. R., Beyer A. L. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes and proteins in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Feb;12(2):847–855. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.2.847. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Ripmaster T. L., Woolford J. L., Jr A protein containing conserved RNA-recognition motifs is associated with ribosomal subunits in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Jul 11;21(14):3211–3216. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.14.3211. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Robinow S., Campos A. R., Yao K. M., White K. The elav gene product of Drosophila, required in neurons, has three RNP consensus motifs. Science. 1988 Dec 16;242(4885):1570–1572. doi: 10.1126/science.3144044. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Rothstein R. J. One-step gene disruption in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:202–211. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01015-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Ruby S. W., Abelson J. Pre-mRNA splicing in yeast. Trends Genet. 1991 Mar;7(3):79–85. doi: 10.1016/0168-9525(91)90276-V. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Sachs A. B., Bond M. W., Kornberg R. D. A single gene from yeast for both nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylate-binding proteins: domain structure and expression. Cell. 1986 Jun 20;45(6):827–835. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90557-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Sachs A. B., Davis R. W., Kornberg R. D. A single domain of yeast poly(A)-binding protein is necessary and sufficient for RNA binding and cell viability. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Sep;7(9):3268–3276. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.9.3268. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Sachs A. B., Davis R. W. The poly(A) binding protein is required for poly(A) shortening and 60S ribosomal subunit-dependent translation initiation. Cell. 1989 Sep 8;58(5):857–867. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90938-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Sachs A. B., Deardorff J. A. Translation initiation requires the PAB-dependent poly(A) ribonuclease in yeast. Cell. 1992 Sep 18;70(6):961–973. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90246-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Seed B. An LFA-3 cDNA encodes a phospholipid-linked membrane protein homologous to its receptor CD2. 1987 Oct 29-Nov 4Nature. 329(6142):840–842. doi: 10.1038/329840a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Singh B., Wittenberg C., Reed S. I., Arlinghaus R. B. Moloney murine sarcoma virus encoded p37mos expressed in yeast has protein kinase activity. Virology. 1986 Jul 30;152(2):502–506. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(86)90156-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Swanson M. S., Dreyfuss G. Classification and purification of proteins of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles by RNA-binding specificities. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2237–2241. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.5.2237. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Swanson M. S., Dreyfuss G. RNA binding specificity of hnRNP proteins: a subset bind to the 3' end of introns. EMBO J. 1988 Nov;7(11):3519–3529. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03228.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Szabo A., Dalmau J., Manley G., Rosenfeld M., Wong E., Henson J., Posner J. B., Furneaux H. M. HuD, a paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis antigen, contains RNA-binding domains and is homologous to Elav and Sex-lethal. Cell. 1991 Oct 18;67(2):325–333. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90184-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Tian Q., Streuli M., Saito H., Schlossman S. F., Anderson P. A polyadenylate binding protein localized to the granules of cytolytic lymphocytes induces DNA fragmentation in target cells. Cell. 1991 Nov 1;67(3):629–639. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90536-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Vidal M., Strich R., Esposito R. E., Gaber R. F. RPD1 (SIN3/UME4) is required for maximal activation and repression of diverse yeast genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Dec;11(12):6306–6316. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.12.6306. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Wittekind M., Görlach M., Friedrichs M., Dreyfuss G., Mueller L. 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR assignments and global folding pattern of the RNA-binding domain of the human hnRNP C proteins. Biochemistry. 1992 Jul 14;31(27):6254–6265. doi: 10.1021/bi00142a013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Woolford J. L., Jr, Peebles C. L. RNA splicing in lower eukaryotes. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1992 Oct;2(5):712–719. doi: 10.1016/s0959-437x(05)80131-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Zawel L., Reinberg D. Advances in RNA polymerase II transcription. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1992 Jun;4(3):488–495. doi: 10.1016/0955-0674(92)90016-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES