Abstract
Influenza virus mRNA is posttranscriptionally methylated at internal adenosine residues to form N6-methyladenosine (m6A). It has been previously shown that there is an average of three m6A residues per influenza virus mRNA (R. M. Krug, M. A. Morgan, and A. J. Shatkin, J. Virol. 20:45-53, 1976). To determine the distribution of m6A in the different influenza virus mRNAs, we purified six of the mRNAs by hybrid selection, digested them with nuclease, and determined their methylation patterns by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The amount of m6A in the different mRNAs varied from one in matrix to eight in hemagglutinin.
Full text
PDF



Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Albers R. J., Coffin B., Rottman F. M. Analysis of mRNA 5'-terminal cap structures and internal N6-methyladenosine by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem. 1981 May 1;113(1):118–123. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90053-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Beaton A. R., Krug R. M. Selected host cell capped RNA fragments prime influenza viral RNA transcription in vivo. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Sep 11;9(17):4423–4436. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.17.4423. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Camper S. A., Albers R. J., Coward J. K., Rottman F. M. Effect of undermethylation on mRNA cytoplasmic appearance and half-life. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):538–543. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.3.538. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chen-Kiang S., Nevins J. R., Darnell J. E., Jr N-6-methyl-adenosine in adenovirus type 2 nuclear RNA is conserved in the formation of messenger RNA. J Mol Biol. 1979 Dec 15;135(3):733–752. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90174-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Desrosiers R. C., Friderici K. H., Rottman F. M. Characterization of Novikoff hepatoma mRNA methylation and heterogeneity in the methylated 5' terminus. Biochemistry. 1975 Oct 7;14(20):4367–4374. doi: 10.1021/bi00691a004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Horowitz S., Horowitz A., Nilsen T. W., Munns T. W., Rottman F. M. Mapping of N6-methyladenosine residues in bovine prolactin mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Sep;81(18):5667–5671. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.18.5667. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kane S. E., Beemon K. Precise localization of m6A in Rous sarcoma virus RNA reveals clustering of methylation sites: implications for RNA processing. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Sep;5(9):2298–2306. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.9.2298. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krug R. M., Broni B. A., Bouloy M. Are the 5' ends of influenza viral mRNAs synthesized in vivo donated by host mRNAs? Cell. 1979 Oct;18(2):329–334. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90052-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krug R. M. Cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic viral RNPs in influenza virus-infected MDCK cells. Virology. 1972 Oct;50(1):103–113. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(72)90350-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krug R. M., Morgan M. A., Shatkin A. J. Influenza viral mRNA contains internal N6-methyladenosine and 5'-terminal 7-methylguanosine in cap structures. J Virol. 1976 Oct;20(1):45–53. doi: 10.1128/jvi.20.1.45-53.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lamb R. A., Choppin P. W. The gene structure and replication of influenza virus. Annu Rev Biochem. 1983;52:467–506. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.52.070183.002343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lavi S., Shatkin A. J. Methylated simian virus 40-specific RNA from nuclei and cytoplasm of infected BSC-1 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Jun;72(6):2012–2016. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.6.2012. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nilsen T. W., Maroney P. A. Translational efficiency of cMyc mRNA in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Oct;4(10):2235–2238. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.10.2235. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Patton J. T., Davis N. L., Wertz G. W. N protein alone satisfies the requirement for protein synthesis during RNA replication of vesicular stomatitis virus. J Virol. 1984 Feb;49(2):303–309. doi: 10.1128/jvi.49.2.303-309.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vournakis J. N., Efstratiadis A., Kafatos F. C. Electrophoretic patterns of deadenylylated chorion and globin mRNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Aug;72(8):2959–2963. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.8.2959. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wei C. M., Gershowitz A., Moss B. 5'-Terminal and internal methylated nucleotide sequences in HeLa cell mRNA. Biochemistry. 1976 Jan 27;15(2):397–401. doi: 10.1021/bi00647a024. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zeitlin S., Efstratiadis A. In vivo splicing products of the rabbit beta-globin pre-mRNA. Cell. 1984 Dec;39(3 Pt 2):589–602. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90466-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]