Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1988 Sep;8(9):3929–3933. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.9.3929

Isolation of cDNA clones for mouse cytoskeletal gamma-actin and differential expression of cytoskeletal actin mRNAs in mouse cells.

K Tokunaga 1, K Takeda 1, K Kamiyama 1, H Kageyama 1, K Takenaga 1, S Sakiyama 1
PMCID: PMC365452  PMID: 3221869

Abstract

We described the structures of mouse cytoskeletal gamma-actin cDNA clones and showed that there is strong conservation of the untranslated regions with human gamma-actin cDNA. In addition, we found that the expression levels of beta- and gamma-actin mRNAs are differentially controlled in various mouse tissues and cell types but are coordinately increased in the cellular growing state. These results suggest that there are multiple regulatory mechanisms of cytoskeletal actin genes and are consistent with the argument that beta- and gamma-actins might have functional diversity in mammalian cells.

Full text

PDF
3929

Images in this article

3931Image
on p.3931
3932Image
on p.3932

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cepko C. L., Roberts B. E., Mulligan R. C. Construction and applications of a highly transmissible murine retrovirus shuttle vector. Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):1053–1062. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90440-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chou C. C., Davis R. C., Fuller M. L., Slovin J. P., Wong A., Wright J., Kania S., Shaked R., Gatti R. A., Salser W. A. Gamma-actin: unusual mRNA 3'-untranslated sequence conservation and amino acid substitutions that may be cancer related. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(9):2575–2579. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.9.2575. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cooper H. L., Feuerstein N., Noda M., Bassin R. H. Suppression of tropomyosin synthesis, a common biochemical feature of oncogenesis by structurally diverse retroviral oncogenes. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 May;5(5):972–983. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.5.972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Elder P. K., Schmidt L. J., Ono T., Getz M. J. Specific stimulation of actin gene transcription by epidermal growth factor and cycloheximide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(23):7476–7480. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.23.7476. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Erba H. P., Eddy R., Shows T., Kedes L., Gunning P. Structure, chromosome location, and expression of the human gamma-actin gene: differential evolution, location, and expression of the cytoskeletal beta- and gamma-actin genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1775–1789. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.4.1775. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Erba H. P., Gunning P., Kedes L. Nucleotide sequence of the human gamma cytoskeletal actin mRNA: anomalous evolution of vertebrate non-muscle actin genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Jul 11;14(13):5275–5294. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.13.5275. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Garrels J. I., Gibson W. Identification and characterization of multiple forms of actin. Cell. 1976 Dec;9(4 Pt 2):793–805. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90142-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Greenberg M. E., Hermanowski A. L., Ziff E. B. Effect of protein synthesis inhibitors on growth factor activation of c-fos, c-myc, and actin gene transcription. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Apr;6(4):1050–1057. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.4.1050. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kost T. A., Theodorakis N., Hughes S. H. The nucleotide sequence of the chick cytoplasmic beta-actin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Dec 10;11(23):8287–8301. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.23.8287. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Leader D. P., Gall I., Lehrach H. The structure of a cloned mouse gamma-actin processed pseudogene. Gene. 1985;36(3):369–374. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90193-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Leavitt J., Gunning P., Kedes L., Jariwalla R. Smooth muscle alpha-action is a transformation-sensitive marker for mouse NIH 3T3 and Rat-2 cells. 1985 Aug 29-Sep 4Nature. 316(6031):840–842. doi: 10.1038/316840a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Leavitt J., Latter G., Lutomski L., Goldstein D., Burbeck S. Tropomyosin isoform switching in tumorigenic human fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jul;6(7):2721–2726. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.7.2721. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Leof E. B., Proper J. A., Getz M. J., Moses H. L. Transforming growth factor type beta regulation of actin mRNA. J Cell Physiol. 1986 Apr;127(1):83–88. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1041270111. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Leube R., Gallwitz D. Structure of a processed gene of human cytoplasmic gamma-actin. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Aug 11;14(15):6339–6339. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.15.6339. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Matsuzaki F., Harada F., Nabeshima Y., Fujii-Kuriyama Y., Yahara I. Cloning of cDNAs for two beta-tubulin isotypes expressed in murine T cell lymphoma, L5178Y and analysis of their translation products. Cell Struct Funct. 1987 Aug;12(4):317–325. doi: 10.1247/csf.12.317. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Melton D. A., Krieg P. A., Rebagliati M. R., Maniatis T., Zinn K., Green M. R. Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):7035–7056. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.18.7035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Minty A. J., Alonso S., Guénet J. L., Buckingham M. E. Number and organization of actin-related sequences in the mouse genome. J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 15;167(1):77–101. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80035-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Naharro G., Robbins K. C., Reddy E. P. Gene product of v-fgr onc: hybrid protein containing a portion of actin and a tyrosine-specific protein kinase. Science. 1984 Jan 6;223(4631):63–66. doi: 10.1126/science.6318314. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nakajima-Iijima S., Hamada H., Reddy P., Kakunaga T. Molecular structure of the human cytoplasmic beta-actin gene: interspecies homology of sequences in the introns. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Sep;82(18):6133–6137. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.18.6133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Ng S. Y., Gunning P., Eddy R., Ponte P., Leavitt J., Shows T., Kedes L. Evolution of the functional human beta-actin gene and its multi-pseudogene family: conservation of noncoding regions and chromosomal dispersion of pseudogenes. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Oct;5(10):2720–2732. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.10.2720. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Nudel U., Zakut R., Shani M., Neuman S., Levy Z., Yaffe D. The nucleotide sequence of the rat cytoplasmic beta-actin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 25;11(6):1759–1771. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.6.1759. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Okayama H., Berg P. A cDNA cloning vector that permits expression of cDNA inserts in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Feb;3(2):280–289. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.2.280. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Otey C. A., Kalnoski M. H., Bulinski J. C. Identification and quantification of actin isoforms in vertebrate cells and tissues. J Cell Biochem. 1987 Jun;34(2):113–124. doi: 10.1002/jcb.240340205. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Otey C. A., Kalnoski M. H., Lessard J. L., Bulinski J. C. Immunolocalization of the gamma isoform of nonmuscle actin in cultured cells. J Cell Biol. 1986 May;102(5):1726–1737. doi: 10.1083/jcb.102.5.1726. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pollard T. D., Cooper J. A. Actin and actin-binding proteins. A critical evaluation of mechanisms and functions. Annu Rev Biochem. 1986;55:987–1035. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.005011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ponte P., Gunning P., Blau H., Kedes L. Human actin genes are single copy for alpha-skeletal and alpha-cardiac actin but multicopy for beta- and gamma-cytoskeletal genes: 3' untranslated regions are isotype specific but are conserved in evolution. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Oct;3(10):1783–1791. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.10.1783. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Ponte P., Ng S. Y., Engel J., Gunning P., Kedes L. Evolutionary conservation in the untranslated regions of actin mRNAs: DNA sequence of a human beta-actin cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Feb 10;12(3):1687–1696. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.3.1687. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Sakiyama S., Fujimura S., Sakiyama H. Absence of gamma-actin expression in the mouse fibroblast cell line, L. J Biol Chem. 1981 Jan 10;256(1):31–33. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Sekiya T., Fushimi M., Hori H., Hirohashi S., Nishimura S., Sugimura T. Molecular cloning and the total nucleotide sequence of the human c-Ha-ras-1 gene activated in a melanoma from a Japanese patient. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Aug;81(15):4771–4775. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.15.4771. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Stossel T. P., Chaponnier C., Ezzell R. M., Hartwig J. H., Janmey P. A., Kwiatkowski D. J., Lind S. E., Smith D. B., Southwick F. S., Yin H. L. Nonmuscle actin-binding proteins. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1985;1:353–402. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cb.01.110185.002033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sutoh K., Mabuchi I. Improved method for mapping the binding site of an actin-binding protein in the actin sequence. Use of a site-directed antibody against the N-terminal region of actin as a probe of its N-terminus. Biochemistry. 1986 Oct 7;25(20):6186–6192. doi: 10.1021/bi00368a053. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Tokunaga K., Taniguchi H., Yoda K., Shimizu M., Sakiyama S. Nucleotide sequence of a full-length cDNA for mouse cytoskeletal beta-actin mRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Mar 25;14(6):2829–2829. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.6.2829. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Tokunaga K., Yoda K., Sakiyama S. Structure of a processed gene of mouse cytoplasmic gamma-actin transposed into a BAM5 sequence: insertion has created 13 base-pair direct repeats. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 May 10;13(9):3031–3042. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.9.3031. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Vandekerckhove J., Franke W. W., Weber K. Diversity of expression of non-muscle actin in amphibia. J Mol Biol. 1981 Oct 25;152(2):413–426. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90251-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Vandekerckhove J., Weber K. Actin amino-acid sequences. Comparison of actins from calf thymus, bovine brain, and SV40-transformed mouse 3T3 cells with rabbit skeletal muscle actin. Eur J Biochem. 1978 Oct 16;90(3):451–462. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12624.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Vandekerckhove J., Weber K. Actin typing on total cellular extracts: a highly sensitive protein-chemical procedure able to distinguish different actins. Eur J Biochem. 1981 Jan;113(3):595–603. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05104.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Waters S. H., Distel R. J., Hecht N. B. Mouse testes contain two size classes of actin mRNA that are differentially expressed during spermatogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jul;5(7):1649–1654. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.7.1649. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Yaffe D., Nudel U., Mayer Y., Neuman S. Highly conserved sequences in the 3' untranslated region of mRNAs coding for homologous proteins in distantly related species. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 May 24;13(10):3723–3737. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.10.3723. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES