Skip to main content

Some NLM-NCBI services and products are experiencing heavy traffic, which may affect performance and availability. We apologize for the inconvenience and appreciate your patience. For assistance, please contact our Help Desk at info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1988 Oct;8(10):4433–4440. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.10.4433

Pathway of B1-Alu expression in microinjected oocytes: Xenopus laevis proteins associated with nuclear precursor and processed cytoplasmic RNAs.

R Maraia 1, M Zasloff 1, P Plotz 1, S Adeniyi-Jones 1
PMCID: PMC365517  PMID: 2460743

Abstract

We have previously characterized B1-Alu gene expression by microinjected Xenopus laevis oocytes. The transcription, endonucleolytic processing and its kinetics, nuclear transport kinetics, and subsequent cellular compartmentalization have been described previously (Adeniyi-Jones and Zasloff, Nature 317:81-84, 1985). Briefly, a B1-Alu gene is transcribed by RNA polymerase III to a 210-nucleotide (210nt) primary transcript which is processed to yield 135nt and 75nt RNAs. After processing, the 135nt RNA enters the cytoplasmic compartment, where it remains stable, while the 75nt RNA is degraded. In this report we characterize this pathway further and show that the RNAs involved are complexed with specific X. laevis proteins. The primary transcript was associated with an X. laevis protein of 63 kilodaltons (p63) as well as La, a protein known to be associated with RNA polymerase III transcripts. After processing, the cytoplasmic 135nt RNA remained associated only with the X. laevis p63 in the form of a small ribonucleoprotein. Human autoimmune antibodies were purified by affinity chromatography to X. laevis p63 and used to immunoprecipitate human ribonucleoprotein containing a 63-kilodalton polypeptide and small RNAs. These data suggest that Alu-analogous ribonucleoproteins and their metabolic pathways are conserved across species and provide insight as to their possible functions.

Full text

PDF
4433

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adeniyi-Jones S., Romeo P. H., Zasloff M. Generation of long read-through transcripts in vivo and in vitro by deletion of 3' termination and processing sequences in the human tRNAimet gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 25;12(2):1101–1115. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.2.1101. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Adeniyi-Jones S., Zasloff M. Transcription, processing and nuclear transport of a B1 Alu RNA species complementary to an intron of the murine alpha-fetoprotein gene. Nature. 1985 Sep 5;317(6032):81–84. doi: 10.1038/317081a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Anderson D. M., Richter J. D., Chamberlin M. E., Price D. H., Britten R. J., Smith L. D., Davidson E. H. Sequence organization of the poly(A) RNA synthesized and accumulated in lampbrush chromosome stage Xenopus laevis oocytes. J Mol Biol. 1982 Mar 5;155(3):281–309. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90006-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Andrews P. G., Kole R. Alu RNA transcribed in vitro binds the 68-kDa subunit of the signal recognition particle. J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 25;262(6):2908–2912. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Britten R. J., Davidson E. H. Gene regulation for higher cells: a theory. Science. 1969 Jul 25;165(3891):349–357. doi: 10.1126/science.165.3891.349. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Burnette W. N. "Western blotting": electrophoretic transfer of proteins from sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gels to unmodified nitrocellulose and radiographic detection with antibody and radioiodinated protein A. Anal Biochem. 1981 Apr;112(2):195–203. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90281-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cleveland D. W., Fischer S. G., Kirschner M. W., Laemmli U. K. Peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and analysis by gel electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 10;252(3):1102–1106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Elder J. T., Pan J., Duncan C. H., Weissman S. M. Transcriptional analysis of interspersed repetitive polymerase III transcription units in human DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Mar 11;9(5):1171–1189. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.5.1171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fisher D. E., Conner G. E., Reeves W. H., Wisniewolski R., Blobel G. Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle assembly in vivo: demonstration of a 6S RNA-free core precursor and posttranslational modification. Cell. 1985 Oct;42(3):751–758. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90271-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gottesfeld J. M., Andrews D. L., Hoch S. O. Association of an RNA polymerase III transcription factor with a ribonucleoprotein complex recognized by autoimmune sera. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Apr 11;12(7):3185–3200. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.7.3185. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gundelfinger E. D., Krause E., Melli M., Dobberstein B. The organization of the 7SL RNA in the signal recognition particle. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Nov 11;11(21):7363–7374. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.21.7363. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hendrick J. P., Wolin S. L., Rinke J., Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Ro small cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins are a subclass of La ribonucleoproteins: further characterization of the Ro and La small ribonucleoproteins from uninfected mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Dec;1(12):1138–1149. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.12.1138. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hough B. R., Davidson E. H. Studies on the repetitive sequence transcripts of Xenopus oocytes. J Mol Biol. 1972 Oct 14;70(3):491–509. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90555-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kramerov D. A., Lekakh I. V., Samarina O. P., Ryskov A. P. The sequences homologous to major interspersed repeats B1 and B2 of mouse genome are present in mRNA and small cytoplasmic poly(A) + RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Dec 11;10(23):7477–7491. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.23.7477. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lerner M. R., Boyle J. A., Hardin J. A., Steitz J. A. Two novel classes of small ribonucleoproteins detected by antibodies associated with lupus erythematosus. Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):400–402. doi: 10.1126/science.6164096. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lerner M. R., Boyle J. A., Mount S. M., Wolin S. L., Steitz J. A. Are snRNPs involved in splicing? Nature. 1980 Jan 10;283(5743):220–224. doi: 10.1038/283220a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Antibodies to small nuclear RNAs complexed with proteins are produced by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5495–5499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Snurps and scyrps. Cell. 1981 Aug;25(2):298–300. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90047-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mathews M. B., Francoeur A. M. La antigen recognizes and binds to the 3'-oligouridylate tail of a small RNA. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jun;4(6):1134–1140. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.6.1134. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Mattioli M., Reichlin M. Heterogeneity of RNA protein antigens reactive with sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Description of a cytoplasmic nonribosomal antigen. Arthritis Rheum. 1974 Jul-Aug;17(4):421–429. doi: 10.1002/art.1780170413. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Melton D. A., Cortese R. Transcription of cloned tRNA genes and the nuclear partitioning of a tRNA precursor. Cell. 1979 Dec;18(4):1165–1172. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90229-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Olmsted J. B. Affinity purification of antibodies from diazotized paper blots of heterogeneous protein samples. J Biol Chem. 1981 Dec 10;256(23):11955–11957. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Pan J., Elder J. T., Duncan C. H., Weissman S. M. Structural analysis of interspersed repetitive polymerase III transcription units in human DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Mar 11;9(5):1151–1170. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Patton J. R., Patterson R. J., Pederson T. Reconstitution of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Nov;7(11):4030–4037. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.11.4030. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Schmid C. W., Jelinek W. R. The Alu family of dispersed repetitive sequences. Science. 1982 Jun 4;216(4550):1065–1070. doi: 10.1126/science.6281889. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Siegel V., Walter P. Each of the activities of signal recognition particle (SRP) is contained within a distinct domain: analysis of biochemical mutants of SRP. Cell. 1988 Jan 15;52(1):39–49. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90529-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Siegel V., Walter P. Elongation arrest is not a prerequisite for secretory protein translocation across the microsomal membrane. J Cell Biol. 1985 Jun;100(6):1913–1921. doi: 10.1083/jcb.100.6.1913. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Siegel V., Walter P. Removal of the Alu structural domain from signal recognition particle leaves its protein translocation activity intact. Nature. 1986 Mar 6;320(6057):81–84. doi: 10.1038/320081a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Stefano J. E. Purified lupus antigen La recognizes an oligouridylate stretch common to the 3' termini of RNA polymerase III transcripts. Cell. 1984 Jan;36(1):145–154. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90083-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Ullu E., Murphy S., Melli M. Human 7SL RNA consists of a 140 nucleotide middle-repetitive sequence inserted in an alu sequence. Cell. 1982 May;29(1):195–202. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90103-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Walter P., Blobel G. Signal recognition particle contains a 7S RNA essential for protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum. Nature. 1982 Oct 21;299(5885):691–698. doi: 10.1038/299691a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Walter P., Gilmore R., Blobel G. Protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum. Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):5–8. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90520-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Wolin S. L., Steitz J. A. The Ro small cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins: identification of the antigenic protein and its binding site on the Ro RNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1996–2000. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.7.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Yamagata H., Harley J. B., Reichlin M. Molecular properties of the Ro/SSA antigen and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitation of antibody. J Clin Invest. 1984 Aug;74(2):625–633. doi: 10.1172/JCI111460. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Yamamoto T., Davis C. G., Brown M. S., Schneider W. J., Casey M. L., Goldstein J. L., Russell D. W. The human LDL receptor: a cysteine-rich protein with multiple Alu sequences in its mRNA. Cell. 1984 Nov;39(1):27–38. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90188-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Yang V. W., Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A., Flint S. J. A small nuclear ribonucleoprotein is required for splicing of adenoviral early RNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Mar;78(3):1371–1375. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1371. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Young P. R., Scott R. W., Hamer D. H., Tilghman S. M. Construction and expression in vivo of an internally deleted mouse alpha-fetoprotein gene: presence of a transcribed Alu-like repeat within the first intervening sequence. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 May 25;10(10):3099–3116. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.10.3099. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Zasloff M. tRNA transport from the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell: carrier-mediated translocation process. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Nov;80(21):6436–6440. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.21.6436. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES