Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1971 Feb;47(2):262–268. doi: 10.1104/pp.47.2.262

Chromatin- and Nuclei-Directed Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Sugar Beet Root 1

C T Duda a,2, Joe H Cherry a
PMCID: PMC365852  PMID: 16657606

Abstract

The synthesis of RNA by chromatin-bound RNA polymerase prepared from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) root tissue is completely dependent on the presence of a divalent metal (Mg2+ or Mn2+) and the presence of four ribonucleoside triphosphates. Accumulation of labeled acid-insoluble product is inhibited by the addition of RNase and actinomycin D to the reaction. When beet root slices are washed for 25 hours, chromatin-associated RNA polymerase activity increases 7-fold over that of unwashed tissue. This enzyme activity declines with further washing. DNA template availability, as measured by saturating levels of added Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, was also found to follow a pattern similar to that for RNA polymerase. Nearest neighbor frequencies of the RNA synthesized by chromatin isolated from unwashed and washed tissue are different.

Washing tissue in solutions of gibberellic acid and auxin enhances template availability of the isolated chromatin. Experiments with isolated nuclei indicate an effect of these hormones on RNA synthesis.

Full text

PDF
262

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ALLFREY V. G., LITTAU V. C., MIRSKY A. E. On the role of of histones in regulation ribonucleic acid synthesis in the cell nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1963 Mar 15;49:414–421. doi: 10.1073/pnas.49.3.414. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Andrews P., Hough L., Picken J. M. The biosynthesis of l-rhamnose of plum-leaf polysaccharides. Biochem J. 1965 Oct;97(1):27–31. doi: 10.1042/bj0970027. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BACON J. S., MACDONALD I. R., KNIGHT A. H. THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVERTASE ACTIVITY IN SLICES OF THE ROOT OF BETA VULGARIS L. WASHED UNDER ASEPTIC CONDITIONS. Biochem J. 1965 Jan;94:175–182. doi: 10.1042/bj0940175. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. BURTON K. A study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochem J. 1956 Feb;62(2):315–323. doi: 10.1042/bj0620315. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ballard P. L., Williams-Ashman H. G. Isolation and properties of a testicular ribonucleic acid polymerase. J Biol Chem. 1966 Apr 10;241(7):1602–1615. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bonner J., Dahmus M. E., Fambrough D., Huang R. C., Marushige K., Tuan D. Y. The Biology of Isolated Chromatin: Chromosomes, biologically active in the test tube, provide a powerful tool for the study of gene action. Science. 1968 Jan 5;159(3810):47–56. doi: 10.1126/science.159.3810.47. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. CHAMBERLIN M., BERG P. Deoxyribo ucleic acid-directed synthesis of ribonucleic acid by an enzyme from Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1962 Jan 15;48:81–94. doi: 10.1073/pnas.48.1.81. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cherry J. H., Chroboczek H., Carpenter W. J., Richmond A. Nucleic Acid Metabolism in Peanut Cotyledons. Plant Physiol. 1965 May;40(3):582–587. doi: 10.1104/pp.40.3.582. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cherry J. H. Nucleic acid biosynthesis in seed germination: influences of auxin and growth-regulating substances. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Aug 9;144(1):154–168. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb34010.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Chrispeels M. J., Varner J. E. Hormonal control of enzyme synthesis: on the mode of action of gibberellic Acid and abscisin in aleurone layers of barley. Plant Physiol. 1967 Jul;42(7):1008–1016. doi: 10.1104/pp.42.7.1008. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. EDELMAN J., HALL M. A. EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVERTASE ASSOCIATED WITH CELL WALLS. Nature. 1964 Jan 18;201:296–297. doi: 10.1038/201296b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. EDELMAN J., HALL M. A. ENZYME FORMATION IN HIGHER-PLANT TISSUES. DEVELOPMENT OF INVERTASE AND ASCORBATE-OXIDASE ACTIVITIES IN MATURE STORAGE TISSUE OF HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS L. Biochem J. 1965 May;95:403–410. doi: 10.1042/bj0950403. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. HUANG R. C., BONNER J. Histone, a suppressor of chromosomal RNA synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1962 Jul 15;48:1216–1222. doi: 10.1073/pnas.48.7.1216. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Jachymczyk W. J., Cherry J. H. Studies on messenger RNA from peanut plants: in vitro polyribosome formation and protein synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968 Apr 22;157(2):368–377. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(68)90091-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jarvis B. C., Frankland B., Cherry J. H. Increased DNA template and RNA polymerase associated with the breaking of seed dormancy. Plant Physiol. 1968 Oct;43(10):1734–1736. doi: 10.1104/pp.43.10.1734. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Johri M. M., Varner J. E. Enhancement of RNA synthesis in isolated pea nuclei by gibberellic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Jan;59(1):269–276. doi: 10.1073/pnas.59.1.269. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Leaver C. J., Key J. L. Polyribosome formation and RNA synthesis during aging of carrot-root tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 May;57(5):1338–1344. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.5.1338. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. MANDELL J. D., HERSHEY A. D. A fractionating column for analysis of nucleic acids. Anal Biochem. 1960 Jun;1:66–77. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(60)90020-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. O'Brien T. J., Jarvis B. C., Cherry J. H., Hanson J. B. Enhancement by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid of chromatin RNA polymerase in soybean hypocotyl tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968 Nov 20;169(1):35–43. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(68)90006-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. RHO J. H., CHIPCHASE M. I. Incorporation of tritiated cytidine into ribonucleic acid by isolated pea nuclei. J Cell Biol. 1962 Aug;14:183–192. doi: 10.1083/jcb.14.2.183. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. WATSON J. D. Involvement of RNA in the synthesis of proteins. Science. 1963 Apr 5;140(3562):17–26. doi: 10.1126/science.140.3562.17. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Willemot C., Stumpf P. K. Fat metabolism in higher plants. XXXIV. Development of fatty acid synthetase as a function of protein synthesis in aging potato tuber slices. Plant Physiol. 1967 Mar;42(3):391–397. doi: 10.1104/pp.42.3.391. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES