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. 1973 Feb;51(2):299–305. doi: 10.1104/pp.51.2.299

Alternate Pathways of Glycolate Synthesis in Tobacco and Maize Leaves in Relation to Rates of Photorespiration

Israel Zelitch a
PMCID: PMC366254  PMID: 16658319

Abstract

After a preliminary period in light, leaf disks floated on 10 mm α-hydroxy-2-pyridinemethanesulfonic acid to inhibit glycolate oxidase accumulate glycolate at average initial rates of 67 micromoles in tobacco and 8 micromoles per gram fresh weight per hour in maize under optimal conditions in air. In the presence of 14CO2, the glycolate synthesized has a high specific radioactivity in illuminated tobacco and a low one in maize. Isonicotinic acid hydrazide also inhibits glycolate oxidation and causes a slow accumulation of glycolate in maize but not in tobacco, while it inhibits glycolate synthesis in tobacco but not in maize. Radioactive carbon in acetate-2-14C and especially pyruvate-3-14C is incorporated predominantly into the C-2 of glycolate in both species, but the specific radioactivity is much greater in maize. Glyoxylate-2-14C is readily converted to glycolate-2-14C in both species. The addition of phosphoenolpyruvate stimulated glycolate formation in maize and inhibited its synthesis in tobacco, and in the presence of 14CO2 the specific radioactivity in glycolate-14C was decreased greatly by the added phosphoenolpyruvate only in maize.

Thus, unsymmetrically labeled glycolate is mainly synthesized from pyruvate-3-14C by a slow pathway in maize. Tobacco possesses an additional rapid pathway that produces equally labeled glycolate more directly from fixed CO2 during photosynthesis. Glycolate is believed to be the primary substrate of photorespiration, and sufficiently rapid rates of glycolate synthesis have been observed in tobacco to account for this function. Hence the high rates of photorespiration observed in tobacco leaves compared with maize result partly from differences between these species in the pathway of glycolate synthesis.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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