Abstract
Developmental stages of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Burley 21) flower and capsule were correlated with tissue contents of polyphenols and activities of phenylalanine ammonialyase, polyphenoloxidase, and peroxidase. Chlorogenic acid, scopolin, and scopoletin were present in most tissues, whereas rutin and two dihydroxyphenolic glycosides concentrated primarily in the corolla and placenta, respectively. Ovules contained only chlorogenic acid. As development progressed, polyphenols accounted for nearly 15% of the dry weight in the green capsule of field-grown plants. Fertilization triggered a rapid increase of chlorogenic acid in the ovary. When l-phenylalanine-U-14C was fed to the detached green capsules and capsule parts, an incorporation of radioactivity into chlorogenic acid and dihydroxyphenolic glycosides occurred which suggested in situ synthesis of these compounds. This was subtantiated by a positive correlation between phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and polyphenol accumulation. High polyphenoloxidase activity was associated mainly with the ovary, whereas peroxidase activity was maximal during senescence of all tissues. Polyacrylamide gel slab electrophoresis revealed five cathodic bands and one diffuse zone with poly-phenoloxidase activity in flower extracts. Two anodic poly-phenoloxidase isozymes appeared only in the fertilized ovary. Among 17 peroxidase isozymes, six cathodic forms were present throughout floral development, and the anodic ones increased in number and activity at the later stages of capsule growth.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- CLAYTON R. A. Properties of tobacco polyphenol oxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1959 Apr;81(2):404–417. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(59)90219-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee T. T. Promotion of indoleacetic Acid oxidase isoenzymes in tobacco callus cultures by indoleacetic Acid. Plant Physiol. 1971 Jul;48(1):56–59. doi: 10.1104/pp.48.1.56. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sheen S. J., Calvert J. Studies on polyphenol content, activities and isozymes of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase during air-curing in three tobacco types. Plant Physiol. 1969 Feb;44(2):199–204. doi: 10.1104/pp.44.2.199. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Siegel B. Z., Galston A. W. Indoleacetic acid oxidase activity of apoperoxidase. Science. 1967 Sep 29;157(3796):1557–1559. doi: 10.1126/science.157.3796.1557. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sondheimer E., Griffin D. H. Activation and Inhibition of Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase Activity from Peas. Science. 1960 Mar 4;131(3401):672–672. doi: 10.1126/science.131.3401.672. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stafford H. A., Galston A. W. Ontogeny and hormonal control of polyphenoloxidase isozymes in tobacco pith. Plant Physiol. 1970 Dec;46(6):763–767. doi: 10.1104/pp.46.6.763. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Watanabe R., Wender S. H. Flavonoid and certain related phenolic compounds in parts of the tobacco flower. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1965 Oct;112(1):111–114. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(65)90017-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zucker M., Levy C. C. Some Factors which Affect the Synthesis of Chlorogenic Acid in Disks of Potato Tuber. Plant Physiol. 1959 Mar;34(2):108–112. doi: 10.1104/pp.34.2.108. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]