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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Vascular. 2012 Oct 19;20(6):360–368. doi: 10.1258/vasc.2011.201205

Table 2.

Overview of potential cell sources for therapeutic angiogenesis

Cell Type Characteristics Human Markers Source
Raw bone marrow Heterogeneous mixture of cells BM
Mononuclear cells Include lymphocytes, monocytes, EPCs, MPCs, dendritic cells & NK cells Promote angiogenesis (CD34+ CD45+) CD2, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD113, CD115 BM, PB
Monocytes Give rise to M1 and M2 macrophage population (M2 plays role in ischemia) CD11b, CD115 BM, PB
Endothelial progenitor cells Bone marrow derived and peripherally circulating Create endothelial cells (CD34+CD45−) CD31, CD34 BM, PB
Mesenchymal progenitor cells Capable of generating most somatic cells (myoblasts, smooth muscle cells & hematopoietic stromal support cells) CD73, CD90, CD105 BM