Table 1.

Differences of Distenia gracilis, Distenia japonica and Distenia orientalis sp. n.

Species / Character	Distenia gracilis	Distenia japonica	Distenia orientalis sp. n.
Antennal segment extending beyond tip of elytra	in male 8th, in female 9th	in male 8th, in female 9th	in male 7th, in female 8th
Color of antennae and legs	uniformly black-brown	Uniformly brown	Mostly black-brown, with several orange-red rings
Scape in male	With basal grooves, punctures coarser	With basal grooves, punctures finer	Without basal grooves, with rugose punctures
Scape length / maximum width	ca.3.0 in male, ca. 2.8 in female	ca.3.5 in male, ca. 3.0 in female	ca.3.1 in male, ca. 3.4 in female
Last segment of maxillary palp	Stouter, length / maximum width < 2.5 in male, < 2.6 in female (Figs 37a, 38a)	Stoutest, length / maximum width < 2.1 in male, < 2.4 in female (Figs 39a, 40a)	Slender, length / maximum width > 2.5 in male, > 3.0 in female (Figs 41a, 42a)
Pronotum	Without transverse rugae, swelling indistinct (Figs 37c, 38c)	Without transverse rugae, swelling more distinct (Figs 39c, 40c)	With some transverse rugae (Figs 41c, 42c)
Mosotibiae of male	Apical protruding lobe very distinct (Fig. 37f )	Apical protruding lobe distinct (Fig. 39f)	Without apical protruding lobe (Fig. 41f)
Punctures on elytra	With distinct longitudinal rows, the row near suture not very dense (Figs 37d, 38d)	With distinct longitudinal rows, the row near suture very dense (Figs 39d, 40d)	Longitudinal rows indistinct, the row near suture very sparse (Figs 41d, 42d)
Sternite VII (ventrite V)	Figs 37e, 38e	Figs 39e, 40e	Figs 41e, 42e
Median lobe	Figs 5, 12	Figs 19	Figs 29
Spermathecal capsule	Figs 10–11	Figs 24	Figs 34–36