Abstract
The addition of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to cultures of the rat PCG2 pheochromocytoma cell line increased the level of RNA coding for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). A region of DNA containing 5'-flanking sequences of the TH gene was fused to a heterologous gene and transfected into a rat anterior pituitary cell line, GH4. The TH gene sequences from +27 to -272 contained information sufficient for the induction of TH by EGF. Two regions within this TH DNA were extensively homologous to the EGF regulatory element of the rat prolactin gene.
Full text
PDF




Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Black I. B., Chikaraishi D. M., Lewis E. J. Trans-synaptic increase in RNA coding for tyrosine hydroxylase in a rat sympathetic ganglion. Brain Res. 1985 Jul 22;339(1):151–153. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90635-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Camper S. A., Yao Y. A., Rottman F. M. Hormonal regulation of the bovine prolactin promoter in rat pituitary tumor cells. J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 5;260(22):12246–12251. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cooke N. E., Baxter J. D. Structural analysis of the prolactin gene suggests a separate origin for its 5' end. Nature. 1982 Jun 17;297(5867):603–606. doi: 10.1038/297603a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Earp H. S., Austin K. S., Blaisdell J., Rubin R. A., Nelson K. G., Lee L. W., Grisham J. W. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates EGF receptor synthesis. J Biol Chem. 1986 Apr 15;261(11):4777–4780. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Elsholtz H. P., Mangalam H. J., Potter E., Albert V. R., Supowit S., Evans R. M., Rosenfeld M. G. Two different cis-active elements transfer the transcriptional effects of both EGF and phorbol esters. Science. 1986 Dec 19;234(4783):1552–1557. doi: 10.1126/science.3491428. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fallon J. H., Seroogy K. B., Loughlin S. E., Morrison R. S., Bradshaw R. A., Knaver D. J., Cunningham D. D. Epidermal growth factor immunoreactive material in the central nervous system: location and development. Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1107–1109. doi: 10.1126/science.6144184. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Foster D. N., Schmidt L. J., Hodgson C. P., Moses H. L., Getz M. J. Polyadenylylated RNA complementary to a mouse retrovirus-like multigene family is rapidly and specifically induced by epidermal growth factor stimulation of quiescent cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(23):7317–7321. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.23.7317. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goodman R., Slater E., Herschman H. R. Epidermal growth factor induces tyrosine hydroxylase in a clonal pheochromocytoma cell line, PC-G2. J Cell Biol. 1980 Mar;84(3):495–500. doi: 10.1083/jcb.84.3.495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gorman C. M., Merlino G. T., Willingham M. C., Pastan I., Howard B. H. The Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat is a strong promoter when introduced into a variety of eukaryotic cells by DNA-mediated transfection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(22):6777–6781. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.22.6777. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gorman C. M., Moffat L. F., Howard B. H. Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044–1051. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.9.1044. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greenberg M. E., Greene L. A., Ziff E. B. Nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor induce rapid transient changes in proto-oncogene transcription in PC12 cells. J Biol Chem. 1985 Nov 15;260(26):14101–14110. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harrington C. A., Lewis E. J., Krzemien D., Chikaraishi D. M. Identification and cell type specificity of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Mar 11;15(5):2363–2384. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.5.2363. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kruijer W., Schubert D., Verma I. M. Induction of the proto-oncogene fos by nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Nov;82(21):7330–7334. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.21.7330. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lakshmanan J., Weichsel M. E., Jr, Fisher D. A. Epidermal growth factor in synaptosomal fractions of mouse cerebral cortex. J Neurochem. 1986 Apr;46(4):1081–1085. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00621.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lamouroux A., Faucon Biguet N., Samolyk D., Privat A., Salomon J. C., Pujol J. F., Mallet J. Identification of cDNA clones coding for rat tyrosine hydroxylase antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jun;79(12):3881–3885. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.12.3881. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lehrach H., Diamond D., Wozney J. M., Boedtker H. RNA molecular weight determinations by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions, a critical reexamination. Biochemistry. 1977 Oct 18;16(21):4743–4751. doi: 10.1021/bi00640a033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lewis E. J., Tank A. W., Weiner N., Chikaraishi D. M. Regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA by glucocorticoid and cyclic AMP in a rat pheochromocytoma cell line. Isolation of a cDNA clone for tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA. J Biol Chem. 1983 Dec 10;258(23):14632–14637. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mallet J., Faucon Biguet N., Buda M., Lamouroux A., Samolyk D. Detection and regulation of the tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels in rat adrenal medulla and brain tissues. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1983;48(Pt 1):305–308. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1983.048.01.033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matrisian L. M., Leroy P., Ruhlmann C., Gesnel M. C., Breathnach R. Isolation of the oncogene and epidermal growth factor-induced transin gene: complex control in rat fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 May;6(5):1679–1686. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.5.1679. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McKnight G. S., Palmiter R. D. Transcriptional regulation of the ovalbumin and conalbumin genes by steroid hormones in chick oviduct. J Biol Chem. 1979 Sep 25;254(18):9050–9058. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Milbrandt J. Nerve growth factor rapidly induces c-fos mRNA in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4789–4793. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.13.4789. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moolenaar W. H., Aerts R. J., Tertoolen L. G., de Laat S. W. The epidermal growth factor-induced calcium signal in A431 cells. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 5;261(1):279–284. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murdoch G. H., Potter E., Nicolaisen A. K., Evans R. M., Rosenfeld M. G. Epidermal growth factor rapidly stimulates prolactin gene transcription. Nature. 1982 Nov 11;300(5888):192–194. doi: 10.1038/300192a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murdoch G. H., Waterman M., Evans R. M., Rosenfeld M. G. Molecular mechanisms of phorbol ester, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and growth factor stimulation of prolactin gene transcription. J Biol Chem. 1985 Sep 25;260(21):11852–11858. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Müller R., Bravo R., Burckhardt J., Curran T. Induction of c-fos gene and protein by growth factors precedes activation of c-myc. Nature. 1984 Dec 20;312(5996):716–720. doi: 10.1038/312716a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rodland K. D., Jue S. F., Magun B. E. Regulation of VL30 gene expression by activators of protein kinase C. J Biol Chem. 1986 Apr 15;261(11):5029–5033. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sawyer S. T., Cohen S. Enhancement of calcium uptake and phosphatidylinositol turnover by epidermal growth factor in A-431 cells. Biochemistry. 1981 Oct 13;20(21):6280–6286. doi: 10.1021/bi00524a057. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stachowiak M., Sebbane R., Stricker E. M., Zigmond M. J., Kaplan B. B. Effect of chronic cold exposure on tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA in rat adrenal gland. Brain Res. 1985 Dec 16;359(1-2):356–359. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(85)91450-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tank A. W., Lewis E. J., Chikaraishi D. M., Weiner N. Elevation of RNA coding for tyrosine hydroxylase in rat adrenal gland by reserpine treatment and exposure to cold. J Neurochem. 1985 Oct;45(4):1030–1033. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05519.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ushiro H., Cohen S. Identification of phosphotyrosine as a product of epidermal growth factor-activated protein kinase in A-431 cell membranes. J Biol Chem. 1980 Sep 25;255(18):8363–8365. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vieira J., Messing J. The pUC plasmids, an M13mp7-derived system for insertion mutagenesis and sequencing with synthetic universal primers. Gene. 1982 Oct;19(3):259–268. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90015-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Waymire J. C., Bjur R., Weiner N. Assay of tyrosine hydroxylase by coupled decarboxylation of DOPA formed from 1- 14 C-L-tyrosine. Anal Biochem. 1971 Oct;43(2):588–600. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(71)90291-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- White B. A., Bancroft F. C. Epidermal growth factor and thyrotropin-releasing hormone interact synergistically with calcium to regulate prolactin mRNA levels. J Biol Chem. 1983 Apr 10;258(7):4618–4622. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

