Abstract
A human transient expression assay was used to examine the inducible transcriptional activation of beta interferon (IFN-beta) and IFN-alpha 1 promoters in a homologous cellular environment. Use of 293 cells, an adenovirus DNA-transformed human embryonic kidney cell line, permitted Sendai virus-inducible expression of IFN-beta-CAT hybrid gene. Introduction of the simian virus 40 (SV40) enhancer 5' or 3' to the IFN-CAT gene increased basal (uninduced) levels of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity; in one construct the SV40 enhancer--IFN-beta regulatory region combination increased the induced CAT activity 50- to 100-fold, suggesting that this may be a generally useful inducible enhancer-promoter combination. No expression from the IFN-alpha-CAT hybrid gene was detected in 293 cells, indicating that human epithelioid cells lack a factor required for expression of the IFN-alpha promoter. However, when the IFN-alpha regulatory region was combined with the SV40 enhancer, a low level of inducible CAT activity was detected in the human transient system.
Full text
PDF





Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Banerji J., Rusconi S., Schaffner W. Expression of a beta-globin gene is enhanced by remote SV40 DNA sequences. Cell. 1981 Dec;27(2 Pt 1):299–308. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90413-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fujita T., Ohno S., Yasumitsu H., Taniguchi T. Delimitation and properties of DNA sequences required for the regulated expression of human interferon-beta gene. Cell. 1985 Jun;41(2):489–496. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80022-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goodbourn S., Burstein H., Maniatis T. The human beta-interferon gene enhancer is under negative control. Cell. 1986 May 23;45(4):601–610. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90292-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goodbourn S., Zinn K., Maniatis T. Human beta-interferon gene expression is regulated by an inducible enhancer element. Cell. 1985 Jun;41(2):509–520. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80024-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gorman C. M., Moffat L. F., Howard B. H. Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044–1051. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.9.1044. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Graham F. L., van der Eb A. J. A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA. Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):456–467. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90341-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gray P. W., Goeddel D. V. Structure of the human immune interferon gene. Nature. 1982 Aug 26;298(5877):859–863. doi: 10.1038/298859a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gruss P., Dhar R., Khoury G. Simian virus 40 tandem repeated sequences as an element of the early promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Feb;78(2):943–947. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.2.943. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hauser H., Gross G., Bruns W., Hochkeppel H. K., Mayr U., Collins J. Inducibility of human beta-interferon gene in mouse L-cell clones. Nature. 1982 Jun 24;297(5868):650–654. doi: 10.1038/297650a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hiscott J., Cantell K., Weissmann C. Differential expression of human interferon genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 May 11;12(9):3727–3746. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.9.3727. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kelley K. A., Pitha P. M. Characterization of a mouse interferon gene locus II. Differential expression of alpha-interferon genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Feb 11;13(3):825–839. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.3.825. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kohase M., Henriksen-DeStefano D., May L. T., Vilcek J., Sehgal P. B. Induction of beta 2-interferon by tumor necrosis factor: a homeostatic mechanism in the control of cell proliferation. Cell. 1986 Jun 6;45(5):659–666. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90780-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lebkowski J. S., Clancy S., Calos M. P. Simian virus 40 replication in adenovirus-transformed human cells antagonizes gene expression. Nature. 1985 Sep 12;317(6033):169–171. doi: 10.1038/317169a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lengyel P. Biochemistry of interferons and their actions. Annu Rev Biochem. 1982;51:251–282. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.51.070182.001343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lewis E. D., Manley J. L. Repression of simian virus 40 early transcription by viral DNA replication in human 293 cells. Nature. 1985 Sep 12;317(6033):172–175. doi: 10.1038/317172a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mantei N., Weissmann C. Controlled transcription of a human alpha-interferon gene introduced into mouse L cells. Nature. 1982 May 13;297(5862):128–132. doi: 10.1038/297128a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McKnight S., Tjian R. Transcriptional selectivity of viral genes in mammalian cells. Cell. 1986 Sep 12;46(6):795–805. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90061-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moreau P., Hen R., Wasylyk B., Everett R., Gaub M. P., Chambon P. The SV40 72 base repair repeat has a striking effect on gene expression both in SV40 and other chimeric recombinants. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Nov 25;9(22):6047–6068. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.22.6047. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mosca J. D., Pitha P. M. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of exogenous human beta interferon gene in simian cells defective in interferon synthesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):2279–2283. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.6.2279. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nir U., Cohen B., Chen L., Revel M. A human IFN-beta 1 gene deleted of promoter sequences upstream from the TATA box is controlled post-transcriptionally by dsRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):6979–6993. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.18.6979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ohno S., Taniguchi T. Structure of a chromosomal gene for human interferon beta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Sep;78(9):5305–5309. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.9.5305. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ragg H., Weissmann C. Not more than 117 base pairs of 5'-flanking sequence are required for inducible expression of a human IFN-alpha gene. Nature. 1983 Jun 2;303(5916):439–442. doi: 10.1038/303439a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Raj N. B., Pitha P. M. Two levels of regulation of beta-interferon gene expression in human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(13):3923–3927. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.13.3923. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ryals J., Dierks P., Ragg H., Weissmann C. A 46-nucleotide promoter segment from an IFN-alpha gene renders an unrelated promoter inducible by virus. Cell. 1985 Jun;41(2):497–507. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80023-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weaver R. F., Weissmann C. Mapping of RNA by a modification of the Berk-Sharp procedure: the 5' termini of 15 S beta-globin mRNA precursor and mature 10 s beta-globin mRNA have identical map coordinates. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 10;7(5):1175–1193. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.5.1175. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zinn K., DiMaio D., Maniatis T. Identification of two distinct regulatory regions adjacent to the human beta-interferon gene. Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):865–879. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90544-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zinn K., Maniatis T. Detection of factors that interact with the human beta-interferon regulatory region in vivo by DNAase I footprinting. Cell. 1986 May 23;45(4):611–618. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90293-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zinn K., Mellon P., Ptashne M., Maniatis T. Regulated expression of an extrachromosomal human beta-interferon gene in mouse cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Aug;79(16):4897–4901. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.16.4897. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zwarthoff E. C., Mooren A. T., Trapman J. Organization, structure and expression of murine interferon alpha genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Feb 11;13(3):791–804. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.3.791. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]