Transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedure was performed in an elderly patient with degenerative aortic stenosis using a 23 mm-Edwards-Sapien XT bioprosthesis (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California, USA). In addition to degenerative aortic stenosis, the patient also had severe calcification in the descending aorta. After positioning the 16F-e-sheath through the right femoral artery, the bioprosthesis was advanced with a retroflex catheter to the ascending aorta in the usual fashion. Just before crossing the aortic valve, a deformation of the cobalt–chromium stent with an outward bending of two struts was observed, which had been caused by resistance of endogenous calcium plaques in the descending aorta during catheter introduction (figure 1A and D). The device was therefore retracted into the descending aorta and a ‘reshaping’ manoeuvre was attempted by balloon inflation alongside the valve (figure 1B). This, however, failed due to repetitive balloon rupture. To retract the device into the collapsed e-sheath, a 0.035-inch straight guidewire was forcefully advanced into the sheath alongside the retroflex catheter resulting in the dilatation of the sheath (figure 1C). This eventually facilitated the stepwise retraction of the deformed valve into the sheath. Catheter and sheath were then removed and the TAVI procedure was successfully performed with a new device.
Figure 1.
A deformation of the cobalt–chromium stent with an outward bending of two stent struts is caused by resistance of endogenous calcium in the descending aorta during advancement of the transcatheter aortic valve implantation device (A and D). A ‘reshaping’ manoeuvre by balloon inflation alongside the device fails due to repetitive balloon rupture (B). The device is therefore retracted into the collapsed e-sheath after dilatation of the e-sheath (C).
This case demonstrates that in patients with extensive calcification of the aorta, particular care should be taken during transfemoral catheter introduction. Although we believe that the presence of extensive endogenous calcium itself does not generally object to transfemoral access, transapical valve implantation might be an alternative in patients with bulky aortic calcification.
Footnotes
Contributors: AL wrote the manuscript and contributed to patient treatment. HRF and MF revised the manuscript and contributed to patient treatment.
Competing interests: None.
Provenance and peer review: Not commissioned; internally peer reviewed.
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