Abstract
We purified nascent simian virus 40 late transcripts by incubating viral transcriptional complexes, isolated from infected BSC-1 cells, in a reaction mixture that contained mercurated CTP; RNA molecules that had incorporated mercurated residues in vitro were isolated by sulfhydrylcellulose affinity chromatography. The nascent RNA was hybridized to an end-labeled HindIII C probe fragment (0.646 to 0.86 map unit), and the hybrids were analyzed by S1 mapping. Most of the products of digestion corresponded to unspliced transcripts with 5' ends mapping at nucleotides 325, 260, and 195, which are positions of the 5' ends of mature, cytoplasmic late mRNA species. In addition, two minor products diagnostic of splicing at the acceptor junctions mapping at nucleotides 556 and 443 were detected. Because the abundance of these products was not diminished by repurifying the nascent RNA through a second round of sulfhydrylcellulose chromatography, these products did not originate from contaminating non-nascent RNA. Moreover, the generation of these products was not affected when a higher salt concentration and lower temperature were used for S1 digestion, conditions that should decrease artifactual cleavage by S1 in A + U-rich regions of colinear hybrids. Therefore, it is likely that some simian virus 40 RNA chains are spliced before release from the template.
Full text
PDF








Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aloni Y., Shani M., Reuveni Y. RNAs of simian virus 40 in productively infected monkey cells: kinetics of formation and decay in enucleate cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Jul;72(7):2587–2591. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.7.2587. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Sizing and mapping of early adenovirus mRNAs by gel electrophoresis of S1 endonuclease-digested hybrids. Cell. 1977 Nov;12(3):721–732. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90272-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Beyer A. L., Bouton A. H., Miller O. L., Jr Correlation of hnRNP structure and nascent transcript cleavage. Cell. 1981 Oct;26(2 Pt 2):155–165. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90299-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bunick D., Zandomeni R., Ackerman S., Weinmann R. Mechanism of RNA polymerase II--specific initiation of transcription in vitro: ATP requirement and uncapped runoff transcripts. Cell. 1982 Jul;29(3):877–886. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90449-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Casey J., Davidson N. Rates of formation and thermal stabilities of RNA:DNA and DNA:DNA duplexes at high concentrations of formamide. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977;4(5):1539–1552. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.5.1539. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chikaraishi D. M., Danna K. J. Simian virus 40 transcriptional complexes incorporate mercurated nucleotides into RNA in vitro. J Virol. 1981 Jan;37(1):511–517. doi: 10.1128/jvi.37.1.511-517.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Danna K. J. Determination of fragment order through partial digests and multiple enzyme digests. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):449–467. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65055-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feist P. L., Danna K. J. Sulfhydrylcellulose: a new medium for chromatography of mercurated polynucleotides. Biochemistry. 1981 Jul 21;20(15):4243–4246. doi: 10.1021/bi00518a001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ferdinand F. J., Brown M., Khoury G. Synthesis and characterization of late lytic simian virus 40 RNA from transcriptional complexes. Virology. 1977 May 1;78(1):150–161. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(77)90087-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ford J. P., Cozzitorto J., Jr, Hsu M. T. Transcription pattern of in vivo-labeled late simian virus 40 RNA: evidence that 16S and 19S mRNA's are derived from distinct precursor RNA populations. J Virol. 1980 Sep;35(3):972–978. doi: 10.1128/jvi.35.3.972-978.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gariglio P., Mousset S. Isolation and partial characterization of a nuclear RNA polymerase - SV40 DNA complex. FEBS Lett. 1975 Aug 1;56(1):149–155. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80130-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ghosh P. K., Reddy V. B., Swinscoe J., Choudary P. V., Lebowitz P., Weissman S. M. The 5'-terminal leader sequence of late 16 S mRNA from cells infected with simian virus 40. J Biol Chem. 1978 May 25;253(10):3643–3647. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ghosh P. K., Reddy V. B., Swinscoe J., Lebowitz P., Weissman S. M. Heterogeneity and 5'-terminal structures of the late RNAs of simian virus 40. J Mol Biol. 1978 Dec 25;126(4):813–846. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90022-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grainger R. M., Maizels N. Dictyostelium ribosomal RNA is processed during transcription. Cell. 1980 Jul;20(3):619–623. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90308-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hallick R. B., Chelm B. K., Gray P. W., Orozco E. M., Jr Use of aurintricarboxylic acid as an inhibitor of nucleases during nucleic acid isolation. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Sep;4(9):3055–3064. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.9.3055. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hay N., Skolnik-David H., Aloni Y. Attenuation in the control of SV40 gene expression. Cell. 1982 May;29(1):183–193. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90102-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Keohavong P., Gattoni R., LeMoullec J. M., Jacob M., Stévenin J. The orderly splicing of the first three leaders of the adenovirus-2 major late transcript. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Feb 25;10(4):1215–1229. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.4.1215. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lai C. J., Dhar R., Khoury G. Mapping the spliced and unspliced late lytic SV40 RNAs. Cell. 1978 Aug;14(4):971–982. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90351-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lai C. J., Khoury G. Deletion mutants of simian virus 40 defective in biosynthesis of late viral mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jan;76(1):71–75. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.1.71. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laub O., Aloni Y. Transcription of simian virus 40. VI. SV 40 DNA-RNA polymerase complex isolated from productively infected cells transcribed in vitro. Virology. 1976 Dec;75(2):346–354. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90033-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laub O., Jakobovits E. B., Aloni Y. 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole enhances premature termination of late transcription of simian virus 40 DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jun;77(6):3297–3301. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.6.3297. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lycan D. E., Danna K. J. Characterization of the 5' termini of purified nascent simian virus 40 late transcripts. J Virol. 1983 Jan;45(1):264–274. doi: 10.1128/jvi.45.1.264-274.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Manley J. L., Fire A., Cano A., Sharp P. A., Gefter M. L. DNA-dependent transcription of adenovirus genes in a soluble whole-cell extract. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3855–3859. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.3855. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Martin F. H., Tinoco I., Jr DNA-RNA hybrid duplexes containing oligo(dA:rU) sequences are exceptionally unstable and may facilitate termination of transcription. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 May 24;8(10):2295–2299. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.10.2295. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maxwell I. H., Maxwell F., Hahn W. E. Removal of RNase activity from DNase by affinity chromatography on agarose coupled aminophenylphosphoryl-uridine-2' (3')-phosphate. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Jan;4(1):241–246. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.1.241. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miller K. G., Sollner-Webb B. Transcription of mouse rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I: in vitro and in vivo initiation and processing sites. Cell. 1981 Nov;27(1 Pt 2):165–174. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90370-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mulligan R. C., Howard B. H., Berg P. Synthesis of rabbit beta-globin in cultured monkey kidney cells following infection with a SV40 beta-globin recombinant genome. Nature. 1979 Jan 11;277(5692):108–114. doi: 10.1038/277108a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nevins J. R., Darnell J. E., Jr Steps in the processing of Ad2 mRNA: poly(A)+ nuclear sequences are conserved and poly(A) addition precedes splicing. Cell. 1978 Dec;15(4):1477–1493. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90071-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reddy V. B., Ghosh P. K., Lebowitz P., Weissman S. M. Gaps and duplicated sequences in the leaders of SV40 16S RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Nov;5(11):4195–4213. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.11.4195. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ross J., Knecht D. A. Precursors of alpha and beta globin messenger RNAs. J Mol Biol. 1978 Feb 15;119(1):1–20. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90266-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shenk T. E., Rhodes C., Rigby P. W., Berg P. Biochemical method for mapping mutational alterations in DNA with S1 nuclease: the location of deletions and temperature-sensitive mutations in simian virus 40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Mar;72(3):989–993. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.3.989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Skolnik-David H., Hay N., Aloni Y. Site of premature termination of late transcription of simian virus 40 DNA: enhancement by 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 May;79(9):2743–2747. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.9.2743. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tsai M. J., Ting A. C., Nordstrom J. L., Zimmer W., O'Malley B. W. Processing of high molecular weight ovalbumin and ovomucoid precursor RNAs to messenger RNA. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(1 Pt 1):219–230. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90170-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Villarreal L. P., Jovanovich S. Leakage of nuclear transcripts late in simian virus 40-infected CV1 cells: quantitation of spliced and unspliced late 19S RNAs. J Virol. 1980 Nov;36(2):595–600. doi: 10.1128/jvi.36.2.595-600.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Villarreal L. A paranuclear extract contains a unique set of viral transcripts late in SV40 infection. Virology. 1981 Sep;113(2):663–671. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(81)90195-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Walseth T. F., Johnson R. A. The enzymatic preparation of [alpha-(32)P]nucleoside triphosphates, cyclic [32P] AMP, and cyclic [32P] GMP. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Mar 28;562(1):11–31. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(79)90122-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weaver R. F., Weissmann C. Mapping of RNA by a modification of the Berk-Sharp procedure: the 5' termini of 15 S beta-globin mRNA precursor and mature 10 s beta-globin mRNA have identical map coordinates. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 10;7(5):1175–1193. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.5.1175. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zeevi M., Nevins J. R., Darnell J. E., Jr Nuclear RNA is spliced in the absence of poly(A) addition. Cell. 1981 Oct;26(1 Pt 1):39–46. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90031-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]



