The part related to “patients with mild hypertension [24]” was incorrectly indicated as “100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg” in Table 1; here it is corrected.
Table 1.
Significant cardiovascular effects of NS and its constituents.
| Reference | Study model | Constituents | Laboratory findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| [12] | Renovascular hypertensive rat | NS oil (i.p.) 0.2 mL/kg |
↓ SBP, tissue MDA, luminol, and lucigenin CL ↑ tissue Na+ and K+-ATPase ↓ plasma CK, LDH, and ADMA ↑ plasma NO |
|
| |||
| [15] | Rat | (a) NS oil (i.v.) 4–32 μL/kg (b) TQ (i.v.) 0.2–1.6 mg/kg |
↓ arterial BP and heart rate (dose dependent) |
|
| |||
| [16] | Guinea pig | NS oil (i.v.) 4–32 μL/kg |
↓ arterial BP and heart rate (dose dependent) |
|
| |||
| [17] | Rat | (a) De-TQ volatile oil (i.v.) 2–16 μL/kg (b) α-pinene (i.v.) 1–4 μL/kg (c) p-cymene (i.v.) 2–16 μL/kg |
↓ arterial BP and heart rate (dose dependent) *De-TQ volatile oil and p-cymene: 4, 8, and 16 μL/kg *α-pinene: 2 and 4 μL/kg |
|
| |||
| [18] | Rat | Thymol (in vitro) |
↓ aortic contraction (dose dependent) |
|
| |||
| [19] | Canine and guinea pig | Thymol (in vitro) |
Negative inotropic action (dose dependent) |
|
| |||
| [20] | Spontaneously hypertensive rat | NS seed extract (p.o.) 0.6 mL/kg |
↑ diuresis ↓ arterial BP |
|
| |||
| [21] | Spontaneously hypertensive rat | NS extract (p.o.) |
↓ SBP ↑ GFR, urinary, and electrolyte output |
|
| |||
| [22] | L-NAME-induced hypertensive rat |
TQ (p.o.) 0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg |
↓ SBP and serum creatinine ↑ kidney GSH |
|
| |||
| [23] | L-NAME-induced hypertensive rat | NS seed extract (p.o.) 400 mg/kg |
↓ arterial BP, SBP, DBP, and serum LDH ↑ serum NO |
|
| |||
| [24] | Patients with mild hypertension | NS seed extract (p.o.) 100 mg twice per day, 200 mg twice per day |
↓ SBP and DBP (dose dependent) ↓ total and LDL cholesterol |
NS: Nigella sativa; L-NAME: L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester; i.p.: intraperitoneal; i.v.: intravenous; p.o.: per os; TQ: thymoquinone; De-TQ: de-thymoquinonated; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MDA: malondialdehyde; CL: chemiluminescence; CK: creatine kinase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; ADMA: asymmetric dimethylarginine; NO: nitric oxide; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; GSH: glutathione; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.