Table 3.

The relationship between maternal alcohol consumption in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and child blood pressure and PWV at 9 years. Regression coefficients (CI) are from mixed-effects regression models and represent the ‘effect’ of a mother drinking alcohol vs. abstaining (n = 294 for blood pressure and n = 289 for PWV)

	Mother abstained	Mother drank alcohol	Unadjusted difference	95% CI	p	Adjusted difference	95% CI	p
Mean (SD) systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	97.3 (11.9)	97.8 (9.6)	0.8	−2.6, 4.3	0.6	−0.3a	−3.7, 3.2	0.9
Mean (SD) diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	53.3 (6.7)	53.2 (6.2)	0.1	−1.9, 2.2	0.9	−0.4b	−2.5, 1.7	0.7
Mean (SD) carotid-femoral PWV, m/s	5.8 (0.7)	6.1 (0.7)	0.3	0.1, 0.5	0.001	0.2c	0.03, 0.4	0.02
Mean (SD) femoral-dorsalis pedis PWV, m/s	7.5 (1.3)	7.3 (1.1)	−0.2	−0.5, 0.1	0.3	−0.2c	−0.6, 0.1	0.2

^aAdjusted for maternal smoking in the second trimester and home ownership.

^bAdjusted for gestational length in weeks.

^cAdjusted for child age, maternal weight at the end of pregnancy and whether mother or father had tertiary education.