Table 4.
Vitamin D status of newcomer children.
| Characteristics | Immigrants n = 33 (45.8%) |
Refugees n = 39 (54.2%) |
All participants n = 72 (100%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| H/day spent in the sun during peak times (Mean ± SD) | 3.6 ± 1.7 | 3.5 ± 1.5 | 3.6 ± 1.6 |
| Sunscreen use | |||
| always | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (5.1%) | 2 (2.8%) |
| often | 4 (12.1%) | 0 (0.00%) | 4 (5.6%) |
| sometimes | 5 (15.2%) | 10 (25.6%) | 15 (20.8%) |
| rarely | 3 (9.1%) | 5 (12.8%) | 8 (11.1%) |
| never | 21 (63.6%) | 22 (56.4%) | 43 (59.7%) |
| Total serum vitamin D in nmol/L (Mean ± SD) | 45.7 ± 13.9 * | 37.8 ± 15.5 | 41.2 ± 15.2 |
| Deficient and inadequate <50 nmol/L | 19 (63.3%) | 31 (79.5%) | 50 (72.5%) |
| Sufficient ≥50 nmol/L | 11 (36.7%) | 8 (20.5%) | 19 (27.5%) |
| Total body bone mineral content (TBBMC) in grams (Mean ± SD) | 984.9 ± 245.0 | 947.8 ± 208.8 | 964.6 ± 224.9 |
| Low TBBMC | 13 (41.9%) | 14 (35.9%) | 27 (38.6%) |
* Significant difference from refugees; for means a t-test was used and for categorical variables chi square was used.