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. 1980 Jun;65(6):1265–1271. doi: 10.1172/JCI109789

Eosinopenia of Acute Infection

PRODUCTION OF EOSINOPENIA BY CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION

David A Bass 1,2, Thomas A Gonwa 1,2, Pamela Szejda 1,2, M Susan Cousart 1,2, Lawrence R DeChatelet 1,2, Charles E McCall 1,2
PMCID: PMC371463  PMID: 7410543

Abstract

One distinctive aspect of the response to acute inflammation involves a rapid and persistent decrease in the numbers of circulating eosinophils, yet the mechanisms of this eosinopenia are undefined. One possibility is that the abrupt eosinopenia may be the result of release of small amounts of the chemotactic factors of acute inflammation into the circulation. These studies were designed to examine the numbers of circulating eosinophils after an intravenous injection of zymosan-activated serum, partially purified C5a or the synthetic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Each of these factors caused a virtual disappearance of circulating eosinophils within 1 min, a transient return of eosinophils to ∼50% of control levels after 10-90 min, and a subsequent decrease which persisted for 5 h. In contrast, the numbers of circulating heterophils, although dropping transiently, rapidly returned and rose to elevated levels for 6 h after injection. The response was not caused by adrenal mediation as it occurred normally in adrenalectomized rabbits. Two chemotaxins of allergic inflammation, histamine and the tetrapeptide valine-glycine-serine-glutamic acid, did not cause significant eosinopenia.

Circulating granulocytes of patients undergoing hemodialysis, which has been reported to activate complement, demonstrated similar eosinopenic and neutropenic-neutrophilic responses. Thus, in rabbits and in man, intravascular activation or injection of chemotactic factors (C5a or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) causes a brief, nonspecific granulocytopenia followed by a prolonged eosinopenic-neutrophilic response analogous to that seen during acute infection.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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