Skip to main content
PMC home page
Microbiological Reviews logoLink to Microbiological Reviews
. 1991 Sep;55(3):476–511. doi: 10.1128/mr.55.3.476-511.1991

Listeria monocytogenes, a food-borne pathogen.

J M Farber 1, P I Peterkin 1
PMCID: PMC372831  PMID: 1943998

Abstract

The gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is an ubiquitous, intracellular pathogen which has been implicated within the past decade as the causative organism in several outbreaks of foodborne disease. Listeriosis, with a mortality rate of about 24%, is found mainly among pregnant women, their fetuses, and immunocompromised persons, with symptoms of abortion, neonatal death, septicemia, and meningitis. Epidemiological investigations can make use of strain-typing procedures such as DNA restriction enzyme analysis or electrophoretic enzyme typing. The organism has a multifactorial virulence system, with the thiol-activated hemolysin, listeriolysin O, being identified as playing a crucial role in the organism's ability to multiply within host phagocytic cells and to spread from cell to cell. The organism occurs widely in food, with the highest incidences being found in meat, poultry, and seafood products. Improved methods for detecting and enumerating the organism in foodstuffs are now available, including those based on the use of monoclonal antibodies, DNA probes, or the polymerase chain reaction. As knowledge of the molecular and applied biology of L. monocytogenes increases, progress can be made in the prevention and control of human infection.

Full text

PDF
476

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams T. J., Vartivarian S., Cowart R. E. Iron acquisition systems of Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1990 Aug;58(8):2715–2718. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.8.2715-2718.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Al-Dajani O., Khatib R. Cryptogenic liver abscess due to Listeria monocytogenes. J Infect Dis. 1983 May;147(5):961–961. doi: 10.1093/infdis/147.5.961. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Albritton W. L., Cochi S. L., Feeley J. C. Overview of neonatal listeriosis. Clin Invest Med. 1984;7(4):311–314. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Allerberger F., Guggenbichler J. P. Listeriosis in Austria--report of an outbreak in 1986. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):149–152. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Audurier A., Martin C. Phage typing of Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jun;8(3):251–257. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90022-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Audurier A., Pardon P., Marly J., Lantier F. Experimental infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes and L. innocua. Ann Microbiol (Paris) 1980 Jul-Aug;131B(1):47–57. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Audurier A., Taylor A. G., Carbonnelle B., McLauchlin J. A phage typing system for Listeria monocytogenes and its use in epidemiological studies. Clin Invest Med. 1984;7(4):229–232. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Azadian B. S., Finnerty G. T., Pearson A. D. Cheese-borne listeria meningitis in immunocompetent patient. Lancet. 1989 Feb 11;1(8633):322–323. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91326-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Bailey J. S., Fletcher D. L., Cox N. A. Listeria monocytogenes colonization of broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 1990 Mar;69(3):457–461. doi: 10.3382/ps.0690457. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Bannister B. A. Listeria monocytogenes meningitis associated with eating soft cheese. J Infect. 1987 Sep;15(2):165–168. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(87)93181-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Beattie I. A., Swaminathan B., Ziegler H. K. Cloning and characterization of T-cell-reactive protein antigens from Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1990 Sep;58(9):2792–2803. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.9.2792-2803.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Becroft D. M., Farmer K., Seddon R. J., Sowden R., Stewart J. H., Vines A., Wattie D. A. Epidemic listeriosis in the newborn. Br Med J. 1971 Sep 25;3(5777):747–751. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5777.747. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Berche P., Gaillard J. L., Geoffroy C., Alouf J. E. T cell recognition of listeriolysin O is induced during infection with Listeria monocytogenes. J Immunol. 1987 Dec 1;139(11):3813–3821. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Berche P., Gaillard J. L., Richard S. Invasiveness and intracellular growth of Listeria monocytogenes. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S145–S148. doi: 10.1007/BF01639738. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Berche P., Gaillard J. L., Sansonetti P. J. Intracellular growth of Listeria monocytogenes as a prerequisite for in vivo induction of T cell-mediated immunity. J Immunol. 1987 Apr 1;138(7):2266–2271. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Bessesen M. T., Luo Q. A., Rotbart H. A., Blaser M. J., Ellison R. T., 3rd Detection of Listeria monocytogenes by using the polymerase chain reaction. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Sep;56(9):2930–2932. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.9.2930-2932.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Beuchat L. R., Brackett R. E. Inhibitory effects of raw carrots on Listeria monocytogenes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jun;56(6):1734–1742. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.6.1734-1742.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Bibb W. F., Schwartz B., Gellin B. G., Plikaytis B. D., Weaver R. E. Analysis of Listeria monocytogenes by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and application of the method to epidemiologic investigations. Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jun;8(3):233–239. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90018-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Bielecki J., Youngman P., Connelly P., Portnoy D. A. Bacillus subtilis expressing a haemolysin gene from Listeria monocytogenes can grow in mammalian cells. Nature. 1990 May 10;345(6271):175–176. doi: 10.1038/345175a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Booth L. V., Walters M. T., Tuck A. C., Luqmani R. A., Cawley M. I. Listeria monocytogenes infection in a prosthetic knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1990 Jan;49(1):58–59. doi: 10.1136/ard.49.1.58. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Border P. M., Howard J. J., Plastow G. S., Siggens K. W. Detection of Listeria species and Listeria monocytogenes using polymerase chain reaction. Lett Appl Microbiol. 1990 Sep;11(3):158–162. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1990.tb00149.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Bortolussi R., Vandenbroucke-Grauls C. M., van Asbeck B. S., Verhoef J. Relationship of bacterial growth phase to killing of Listeria monocytogenes by oxidative agents generated by neutrophils and enzyme systems. Infect Immun. 1987 Dec;55(12):3197–3203. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.12.3197-3203.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Breer C., Schopfer K. Listeria and food. Lancet. 1988 Oct 29;2(8618):1022–1022. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)90775-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Breer C., Schopfer K. Listerien in Nahrungsmitteln. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1989 Mar 11;119(10):306–311. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Buchanan R. L., Stahl H. G., Bencivengo M. M., Del Corral F. Comparison of lithium chloride-phenylethanol-moxalactam and modified Vogel Johnson agars for detection of Listeria spp. in retail-level meats, poultry, and seafood. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Mar;55(3):599–603. doi: 10.1128/aem.55.3.599-603.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Bucher H. U., Nadal D., Mieth D. Listeriose beim Neugeborenen: bessere Prognose dank Früherkennung. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1989 Jun;137(6):321–325. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Bunning V. K., Donnelly C. W., Peeler J. T., Briggs E. H., Bradshaw J. G., Crawford R. G., Beliveau C. M., Tierney J. T. Thermal inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes within bovine milk phagocytes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Feb;54(2):364–370. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.2.364-370.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Butman B. T., Plank M. C., Durham R. J., Mattingly J. A. Monoclonal antibodies which identify a genus-specific Listeria antigen. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Jun;54(6):1564–1569. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.6.1564-1569.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Cain D. B., McCann V. L. An unusual case of cutaneous listeriosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1986 May;23(5):976–977. doi: 10.1128/jcm.23.5.976-977.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Campbell D. M. Human listeriosis in Scotland 1967-1988. J Infect. 1990 May;20(3):241–250. doi: 10.1016/0163-4453(90)91219-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Canfield M. A., Walterspiel J. N., Edwards M. S., Baker C. J., Wait R. B., Urteaga J. N. An epidemic of perinatal listeriosis serotype 1b in Hispanics in a Houston hospital. Pediatr Infect Dis. 1985 Jan-Feb;4(1):106–106. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198501000-00028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Carbonnelle B., Cottin J., Parvery F., Chambreuil G., Kouyoumdjian S., Le Lirzin M., Cordier G., Vincent F. Epidémie de listériose dans l'Ouest de la France (1975--1976). Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1979 Apr 26;26(6):451–467. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Carvajal A., Frederiksen W. Fatal endocarditis due to Listeria monocytogenes. Rev Infect Dis. 1988 May-Jun;10(3):616–623. doi: 10.1093/clinids/10.3.616. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Chakraborty T., Goebel W. Recent developments in the study of virulence in Listeria monocytogenes. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1988;138:41–58. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Chenevert J., Mengaud J., Gormley E., Cossart P. A DNA probe specific for L. monocytogenes in the genus Listeria. Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jul;8(4):317–319. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90002-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Choutet P., Besnier J. M., Hurtault S., Barrier J., Raffi F., Verceletto M., Achard J., Becq-Giraudon B., Bellot M. Listériose neuro-méningée de l'adulte, en dehors de la grossesse. Pronostic et évolution des manifestations neurologiques. Etude rétrospective de 63 observations. Presse Med. 1987 May 16;16(18):885–888. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Ciesielski C. A., Hightower A. W., Parsons S. K., Broome C. V. Listeriosis in the United States: 1980-1982. Arch Intern Med. 1988 Jun;148(6):1416–1419. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Conner D. E., Brackett R. E., Beuchat L. R. Effect of temperature, sodium chloride, and pH on growth of Listeria monocytogenes in cabbage juice. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Jul;52(1):59–63. doi: 10.1128/aem.52.1.59-63.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Cossart P., Mengaud J. Listeria monocytogenes. A model system for the molecular study of intracellular parasitism. Mol Biol Med. 1989 Oct;6(5):463–474. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Cossart P. The listeriolysin O gene: a chromosomal locus crucial for the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S157–S159. doi: 10.1007/BF01639740. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Cossart P., Vicente M. F., Mengaud J., Baquero F., Perez-Diaz J. C., Berche P. Listeriolysin O is essential for virulence of Listeria monocytogenes: direct evidence obtained by gene complementation. Infect Immun. 1989 Nov;57(11):3629–3636. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.11.3629-3636.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Cowart R. E., Lashmet J., McIntosh M. E., Adams T. J. Adherence of a virulent strain of Listeria monocytogenes to the surface of a hepatocarcinoma cell line via lectin-substrate interaction. Arch Microbiol. 1990;153(3):282–286. doi: 10.1007/BF00249083. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Cruikshank D. P., Warenski J. C. First-trimester maternal Listeria monocytogenes sepsis and chorioamnionitis with normal neonatal outcome. Obstet Gynecol. 1989 Mar;73(3 Pt 2):469–471. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Curosh N. A., Perednia D. A. Listeria monocytogenes septic arthritis. A case report and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med. 1989 May;149(5):1207–1208. doi: 10.1001/archinte.149.5.1207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Czuprynski C. J., Brown J. F., Roll J. T. Growth at reduced temperatures increases the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes for intravenously but not intragastrically inoculated mice. Microb Pathog. 1989 Sep;7(3):213–223. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(89)90057-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Czuprynski C. J., Noel E. J., Doyle M. P., Schultz R. D. Ingestion and killing of Listeria monocytogenes by blood and milk phagocytes from mastitic and normal cattle. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 May;27(5):812–817. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.5.812-817.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Dabiri G. A., Sanger J. M., Portnoy D. A., Southwick F. S. Listeria monocytogenes moves rapidly through the host-cell cytoplasm by inducing directional actin assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Aug;87(16):6068–6072. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.16.6068. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Dallmier A. W., Martin S. E. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities after heat injury of Listeria monocytogenes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Feb;54(2):581–582. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.2.581-582.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Datta A. R., Wentz B. A., Hill W. E. Detection of hemolytic Listeria monocytogenes by using DNA colony hybridization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1987 Sep;53(9):2256–2259. doi: 10.1128/aem.53.9.2256-2259.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Datta A. R., Wentz B. A., Hill W. E. Identification and enumeration of beta-hemolytic Listeria monocytogenes in naturally contaminated dairy products. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):673–675. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Datta A. R., Wentz B. A. Identification and enumeration of virulent Listeria strains. Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jun;8(3):259–264. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90023-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Datta A. R., Wentz B. A., Russell J. Cloning of the listeriolysin O gene and development of specific gene probes for Listeria monocytogenes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Dec;56(12):3874–3877. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.12.3874-3877.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Datta A. R., Wentz B. A., Shook D., Trucksess M. W. Synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes for detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Dec;54(12):2933–2937. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.12.2933-2937.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Dee R. R., Lorber B. Brain abscess due to Listeria monocytogenes: case report and literature review. Rev Infect Dis. 1986 Nov-Dec;8(6):968–977. doi: 10.1093/clinids/8.6.968. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Degen R. Proceedings: Involvement of the central nervous system in neonatal listeriosis. Acta Microbiol Acad Sci Hung. 1972;19(4):411–417. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Despierres M. Isolement de Listeria monocytogenes dans un milieu défavorable à Streptococcus faecalis. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1971 Oct;121(4):493–501. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Dhar R. Neonatal listeriosis--report of nine cases from Kuwait. J Trop Pediatr. 1988 Jun;34(3):118–124. doi: 10.1093/tropej/34.3.118. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Dick J. P., Palframann A., Hamilton D. V. Listeriosis and recurrent abortion in a renal transplant recipient. J Infect. 1988 May;16(3):273–277. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(88)97652-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Domann E., Leimeister-Wächter M., Goebel W., Chakraborty T. Molecular cloning, sequencing, and identification of a metalloprotease gene from Listeria monocytogenes that is species specific and physically linked to the listeriolysin gene. Infect Immun. 1991 Jan;59(1):65–72. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.1.65-72.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Dominguez Rodriguez L., Vazquez Boland J. A., Fernandez Garayzabal J. F., Echalecu Tranchant P., Gomez-Lucia E., Rodriguez Ferri E. F., Suarez Fernandez G. Microplate technique to determine hemolytic activity for routine typing of Listeria strains. J Clin Microbiol. 1986 Jul;24(1):99–103. doi: 10.1128/jcm.24.1.99-103.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Dominguez L., Fernández J. F., Briones V., Blanco J. L., Suárez G. Assessment of different selective agar media for enumeration and isolation of Listeria from dairy products. J Dairy Res. 1988 Nov;55(4):579–583. doi: 10.1017/s0022029900033367. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. Domínguez Rodriguez L., Fernández Garayzabal J. F., Vazquez Boland J. A., Rodriguez Ferri E., Suarez Fernández G. Isolation de micro-organismes du genre Listeria à partir de lait cru destiné à la consommation humaine. Can J Microbiol. 1985 Oct;31(10):938–941. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Donker-Voet J. Proceedings: Listeria monocytogenes: some biochemical and serological aspects. Acta Microbiol Acad Sci Hung. 1972;19(4):287–291. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Donnelly C. W., Baigent G. J., Briggs E. H. Flow cytometry for automated analysis of milk containing Listeria monocytogenes. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):655–658. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Donnelly C. W., Baigent G. J. Method for flow cytometric detection of Listeria monocytogenes in milk. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Oct;52(4):689–695. doi: 10.1128/aem.52.4.689-695.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Donnelly C. W. Historical perspectives on methodology to detect Listeria monocytogenes. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):644–646. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Doummar D., Beauvais P., Richardet J. M. Méningite à Listeria chez un nourrisson de seize mois sans déficit immunitaire reconnu. Ann Pediatr (Paris) 1988 Oct;35(8):577–579. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Doyle M. P., Glass K. A., Beery J. T., Garcia G. A., Pollard D. J., Schultz R. D. Survival of Listeria monocytogenes in milk during high-temperature, short-time pasteurization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1987 Jul;53(7):1433–1438. doi: 10.1128/aem.53.7.1433-1438.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Doyle M. P., Schoeni J. L. Selective-enrichment procedure for isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from fecal and biologic specimens. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 May;51(5):1127–1129. doi: 10.1128/aem.51.5.1127-1129.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Eiferman R. A., Flaherty K. T., Rivard A. K. Persistent corneal defect caused by Listeria monocytogenes. Am J Ophthalmol. 1990 Jan 15;109(1):97–98. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)75592-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Evans J. R., Allen A. C., Stinson D. A., Bortolussi R., Peddle L. J. Perinatal listeriosis: report of an outbreak. Pediatr Infect Dis. 1985 May-Jun;4(3):237–241. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Fan Y. D., Pastorek J. G., 2nd, Janney F. A., Sanders C. V. Listeriosis as an obstetric complication in an immunocompromised patient. South Med J. 1989 Aug;82(8):1044–1045. doi: 10.1097/00007611-198908000-00028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Faoagali J. L., Schousboe M. Listeriosis in Christchurch 1967-1984. N Z Med J. 1985 Feb 13;98(772):64–66. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Farber J. M., Brown B. E. Effect of prior heat shock on heat resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in meat. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jun;56(6):1584–1587. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.6.1584-1587.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Farber J. M., Carter A. O., Varughese P. V., Ashton F. E., Ewan E. P. Listeriosis traced to the consumption of alfalfa tablets and soft cheese. N Engl J Med. 1990 Feb 1;322(5):338–338. doi: 10.1056/nejm199002013220519. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Farber J. M., Hughes A., Holley R., Brown B. Thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in sausage meat. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):273–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Farber J. M., Peterkin P. I., Carter A. O., Varughese P. V., Ashton F. E., Ewan E. P. Neonatal listeriosis due to cross-infection confirmed by isoenzyme typing and DNA fingerprinting. J Infect Dis. 1991 Apr;163(4):927–928. doi: 10.1093/infdis/163.4.927. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Farber J. M., Sanders G. W., Malcolm S. A. The presence of Listeria spp. in raw milk in Ontario. Can J Microbiol. 1988 Feb;34(2):95–100. doi: 10.1139/m88-020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Farber J. M., Sanders G. W., Speirs J. I., D'Aoust J. Y., Emmons D. B., McKellar R. Thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in inoculated and naturally contaminated raw milk. Int J Food Microbiol. 1988 Dec 31;7(4):277–286. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(88)90054-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Farber J. M., Sanders G. W., Speirs J. I. Methodology for isolation of Listeria from foods--a Canadian perspective. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):675–678. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Farber J. M., Speirs J. I. Potential use of continuous cell lines to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic Listeria spp. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Aug;25(8):1463–1466. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.8.1463-1466.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Farber J. M. Thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jun;8(3):285–291. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90029-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Fenlon D. R., Wilson J. The incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk from farm bulk tanks in north-east Scotland. J Appl Bacteriol. 1989 Mar;66(3):191–196. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02469.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Fernandez Garayzabal J. F., Dominguez Rodriguez L., Vazquez Boland J. A., Rodriguez Ferri E. F., Briones Dieste V., Blanco Cancelo J. L., Suarez Fernandez G. Survival of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk treated in a pilot plant size pasteurizer. J Appl Bacteriol. 1987 Dec;63(6):533–537. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1987.tb02723.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Fiedler F. Biochemistry of the cell surface of Listeria strains: a locating general view. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S92–S97. doi: 10.1007/BF01639729. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  86. Filice G. A., Cantrell H. F., Smith A. B., Hayes P. S., Feeley J. C., Fraser D. W. Listeria monocytogenes infection in neonates: Investigation of an epidemic. J Infect Dis. 1978 Jul;138(1):17–23. doi: 10.1093/infdis/138.1.17. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  87. Fistrovici E., Collins-Thompson D. L. Use of plasmid profiles and restriction endonuclease digest in environmental studies of Listeria spp. from raw milk. Int J Food Microbiol. 1990 Jan;10(1):43–50. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(90)90006-q. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. Fleming D. W., Cochi S. L., MacDonald K. L., Brondum J., Hayes P. S., Plikaytis B. D., Holmes M. B., Audurier A., Broome C. V., Reingold A. L. Pasteurized milk as a vehicle of infection in an outbreak of listeriosis. N Engl J Med. 1985 Feb 14;312(7):404–407. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198502143120704. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. Flight R. J. Listeriosis in Auckland. N Z Med J. 1971 Jun;73(469):349–351. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  90. GIRARD K. F., SBARRA A. J., BARDAWIL W. A. Serology of Listeria monocytogenes. I. Characteristics of the soluble hemolysin. J Bacteriol. 1963 Feb;85:349–355. doi: 10.1128/jb.85.2.349-355.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. Gaillard J. L., Berche P., Mounier J., Richard S., Sansonetti P. In vitro model of penetration and intracellular growth of Listeria monocytogenes in the human enterocyte-like cell line Caco-2. Infect Immun. 1987 Nov;55(11):2822–2829. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.11.2822-2829.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  92. Gaillard J. L., Berche P., Sansonetti P. Transposon mutagenesis as a tool to study the role of hemolysin in the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1986 Apr;52(1):50–55. doi: 10.1128/iai.52.1.50-55.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  93. Gallagher P. G., Watanakunakorn C. Listeria monocytogenes endocarditis: a review of the literature 1950-1986. Scand J Infect Dis. 1988;20(4):359–368. doi: 10.3109/00365548809032469. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  94. García H., Pinto M. E., Ross L., Saavedra G. Brote epidémico de listeriosis neonatal. Rev Chil Pediatr. 1983 Sep-Oct;54(5):330–335. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  95. García J. A., Dominguez L., Briones V., Blanco M., Fernandez-Garayzabal J. F., Suarez G. Revision of the antigenic structure of genus Listeria. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1990 Jan 15;55(1-2):113–119. doi: 10.1016/0378-1097(90)90178-s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  96. Gellin B. G., Broome C. V., Bibb W. F., Weaver R. E., Gaventa S., Mascola L. The epidemiology of listeriosis in the United States--1986. Listeriosis Study Group. Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Feb 15;133(4):392–401. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115893. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  97. Gellin B. G., Broome C. V. Listeriosis. JAMA. 1989 Mar 3;261(9):1313–1320. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  98. Geoffroy C., Gaillard J. L., Alouf J. E., Berche P. Production of thiol-dependent haemolysins by Listeria monocytogenes and related species. J Gen Microbiol. 1989 Mar;135(3):481–487. doi: 10.1099/00221287-135-3-481. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  99. Geoffroy C., Gaillard J. L., Alouf J. E., Berche P. Purification, characterization, and toxicity of the sulfhydryl-activated hemolysin listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1987 Jul;55(7):1641–1646. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.7.1641-1646.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  100. Gilbert R. J., Miller K. L., Roberts D. Listeria monocytogenes and chilled foods. Lancet. 1989 Feb 18;1(8634):383–384. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91755-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  101. Gitter M. Listeria monocytogenes in "oven-ready" poultry. Vet Rec. 1976 Oct 23;99(17):336–336. doi: 10.1136/vr.99.17.336. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  102. Glass K. A., Doyle M. P. Fate of Listeria monocytogenes in processed meat products during refrigerated storage. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Jun;55(6):1565–1569. doi: 10.1128/aem.55.6.1565-1569.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  103. Goebel W., Kathariou S., Kuhn M., Sokolovic Z., Kreft J., Köhler S., Funke D., Chakraborty T., Leimeister-Wächter M. Hemolysin from Listeria--biochemistry, genetics and function in pathogenesis. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S149–S156. doi: 10.1007/BF01639739. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  104. Golden D. A., Beuchat L. R., Brackett R. E. Direct plating technique for enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):647–650. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  105. Golden D. A., Beuchat L. R., Brackett R. E. Evaluation of selective direct plating media for their suitability to recover uninjured, heat-injured, and freeze-injured Listeria monocytogenes from foods. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Jun;54(6):1451–1456. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.6.1451-1456.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  106. Gordon S., Singer C. Listeria monocytogenes cholecystitis. J Infect Dis. 1986 Nov;154(5):918–919. doi: 10.1093/infdis/154.5.918. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  107. Gormley E., Mengaud J., Cossart P. Sequences homologous to the listeriolysin O gene region of Listeria monocytogenes are present in virulent and avirulent haemolytic species of the genus Listeria. Res Microbiol. 1989 Nov-Dec;140(9):631–643. doi: 10.1016/0923-2508(89)90195-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  108. Goulet V., Brohier S. La listériose en France en 1986: recensement auprès de laboratoires hospitaliers. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1989 Mar;37(3):206–211. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  109. Goulet V., Leonard J. L., Celers J. Etude épidémiologique de la listériose humaine en France en 1984. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1986;34(3):191–195. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  110. Graves L. M., Swaminathan B., Reeves M. W., Wenger J. Ribosomal DNA fingerprinting of Listeria monocytogenes using a digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe. Eur J Epidemiol. 1991 Jan;7(1):77–82. doi: 10.1007/BF00221345. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  111. Gray M. L., Killinger A. H. Listeria monocytogenes and listeric infections. Bacteriol Rev. 1966 Jun;30(2):309–382. doi: 10.1128/br.30.2.309-382.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  112. Greenwood M. H., Roberts D., Burden P. The occurrence of Listeria species in milk and dairy products: a national survey in England and Wales. Int J Food Microbiol. 1991 Feb;12(2-3):197–206. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(91)90070-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  113. Groves R. D., Welshimer H. J. Separation of pathogenic from apathogenic Listeria monocytogenes by three in vitro reactions. J Clin Microbiol. 1977 Jun;5(6):559–563. doi: 10.1128/jcm.5.6.559-563.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  114. Halliday H. L., Hirata T. Perinatal listeriosis--a review of twelve patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979 Feb 15;133(4):405–410. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(79)90061-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  115. Hansen P. B., Jensen T. H., Lykkegaard S., Kristensen H. S. Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in adults. Sixteen consecutive cases 1973-1982. Scand J Infect Dis. 1987;19(1):55–60. doi: 10.3109/00365548709032378. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  116. Hayes P. S., Feeley J. C., Graves L. M., Ajello G. W., Fleming D. W. Isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from raw milk. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Feb;51(2):438–440. doi: 10.1128/aem.51.2.438-440.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  117. Heisick J. E., Wagner D. E., Nierman M. L., Peeler J. T. Listeria spp. found on fresh market produce. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Aug;55(8):1925–1927. doi: 10.1128/aem.55.8.1925-1927.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  118. Ho J. L., Shands K. N., Friedland G., Eckind P., Fraser D. W. An outbreak of type 4b Listeria monocytogenes infection involving patients from eight Boston hospitals. Arch Intern Med. 1986 Mar;146(3):520–524. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  119. Hof H., Hefner P. Pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes in comparison to other Listeria species. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S141–S144. doi: 10.1007/BF01639737. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  120. Holbach L. M., Bialasiewicz A. A., Boltze H. J. Necrotizing ring ulcer of the cornea caused by exogenous Listeria monocytogenes serotype IV b infection. Am J Ophthalmol. 1988 Jul 15;106(1):105–106. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)76404-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  121. Jacobs M. R., Stein H., Buqwane A., Dubb A., Segal F., Rabinowitz L., Ellis U., Freiman I., Witcomb M., Vallabh V. Epidemic listeriosis. Report of 14 cases detected in 9 months. S Afr Med J. 1978 Sep 2;54(10):389–392. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  122. Jensen T. H., Hansen P. B., Brodersen P. Ondine's curse in listeria monocytogenes brain stem encephalitis. Acta Neurol Scand. 1988 Jun;77(6):505–506. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1988.tb05949.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  123. Johnson J. L., Doyle M. P., Cassens R. G. Survival of Listeria monocytogenes in ground beef. Int J Food Microbiol. 1988 May;6(3):243–247. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(88)90016-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  124. Jones D. The place of Listeria among gram-positive bacteria. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S85–S88. doi: 10.1007/BF01639727. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  125. Junttila J. R., Niemelä S. I., Hirn J. Minimum growth temperatures of Listeria monocytogenes and non-haemolytic Listeria. J Appl Bacteriol. 1988 Oct;65(4):321–327. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1988.tb01898.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  126. Junttila J., Brander M. Listeria monocytogenes septicemia associated with consumption of salted mushrooms. Scand J Infect Dis. 1989;21(3):339–342. doi: 10.3109/00365548909035707. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  127. Kaczmarski E. B., Jones D. M. Listeriosis and ready-cooked chicken. Lancet. 1989 Mar 11;1(8637):549–549. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90084-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  128. Kampelmacher E. H., van Noorle Jansen L. M. Listeriosis in humans and animals in the Netherlands (1958-1977). Zentralbl Bakteriol A. 1980 Mar;246(2):211–227. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  129. Kathariou S., Metz P., Hof H., Goebel W. Tn916-induced mutations in the hemolysin determinant affecting virulence of Listeria monocytogenes. J Bacteriol. 1987 Mar;169(3):1291–1297. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.3.1291-1297.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  130. Kathariou S., Rocourt J., Hof H., Goebel W. Levels of Listeria monocytogenes hemolysin are not directly proportional to virulence in experimental infections of mice. Infect Immun. 1988 Feb;56(2):534–536. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.2.534-536.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  131. Katner H. P., Joiner T. A. Listeria monocytogenes sepsis from an infected indwelling i.v. catheter in a patient with AIDS. South Med J. 1989 Jan;82(1):94–95. doi: 10.1097/00007611-198901000-00026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  132. Kaufmann S. H. Listeriosis: new findings--current concern. Microb Pathog. 1988 Oct;5(4):225–231. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(88)90094-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  133. Kerr K. G., Rotowa N. A., Hawkey P. M., Lacey R. W. Evaluation of the Mast ID and API 50CH systems for identification of Listeria spp. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Mar;56(3):657–660. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.3.657-660.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  134. Kerr K., Dealler S. F., Lacey R. W. Listeria in cook-chill food. Lancet. 1988 Jul 2;2(8601):37–38. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92960-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  135. Kessler S. L., Dajani A. S. Listeria meningitis in infants and children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1990 Jan;9(1):61–63. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199001000-00016. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  136. Khardori N., Berkey P., Hayat S., Rosenbaum B., Bodey G. P. Spectrum and outcome of microbiologically documented listeria monocytogenes infections in cancer patients. Cancer. 1989 Nov 1;64(9):1968–1970. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19891101)64:9<1968::aid-cncr2820640934>3.0.co;2-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  137. Kim C. M., Graves L. M., Swaminathan B., Mayer L. W., Weaver R. E. Evaluation of hybridization characteristics of a cloned pRF106 probe for Listeria monocytogenes detection and development of a nonisotopic colony hybridization assay. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Jan;57(1):289–294. doi: 10.1128/aem.57.1.289-294.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  138. King W., Raposa S., Warshaw J., Johnson A., Halbert D., Klinger J. D. A new colorimetric nucleic acid hybridization assay for Listeria in foods. Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jun;8(3):225–232. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90017-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  139. Klatt E. C., Pavlova Z., Teberg A. J., Yonekura M. L. Epidemic perinatal listeriosis at autopsy. Hum Pathol. 1986 Dec;17(12):1278–1281. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(86)80572-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  140. Klinger J. D. Isolation of Listeria: a review of procedures and future prospects. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S98–105. doi: 10.1007/BF01639730. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  141. Klinger J. D., Johnson A., Croan D., Flynn P., Whippie K., Kimball M., Lawrie J., Curiale M. Comparative studies of nucleic acid hybridization assay for Listeria in foods. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):669–673. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  142. Knabel S. J., Walker H. W., Hartman P. A., Mendonca A. F. Effects of growth temperature and strictly anaerobic recovery on the survival of Listeria monocytogenes during pasteurization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Feb;56(2):370–376. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.2.370-376.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  143. Korzets A., Andrews M., Campbell A., Feehally J., Walls J., Prentice M. Listeria monocytogenes peritonitis complicating CAPD. Perit Dial Int. 1989;9(4):351–352. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  144. Kreft J., Funke D., Haas A., Lottspeich F., Goebel W. Production, purification and characterization of hemolysins from Listeria ivanovii and Listeria monocytogenes Sv4b. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1989 Jan 15;48(2):197–202. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03298.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  145. Kuhn M., Goebel W. Identification of an extracellular protein of Listeria monocytogenes possibly involved in intracellular uptake by mammalian cells. Infect Immun. 1989 Jan;57(1):55–61. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.1.55-61.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  146. Kuhn M., Kathariou S., Goebel W. Hemolysin supports survival but not entry of the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1988 Jan;56(1):79–82. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.1.79-82.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  147. Kuhn M., Prévost M. C., Mounier J., Sansonetti P. J. A nonvirulent mutant of Listeria monocytogenes does not move intracellularly but still induces polymerization of actin. Infect Immun. 1990 Nov;58(11):3477–3486. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.11.3477-3486.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  148. Kwantes W., Isaac M. Listeriosis. Br Med J. 1971 Oct 30;4(5782):296–297. doi: 10.1136/bmj.4.5782.296-a. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  149. Köhler S., Leimeister-Wächter M., Chakraborty T., Lottspeich F., Goebel W. The gene coding for protein p60 of Listeria monocytogenes and its use as a specific probe for Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1990 Jun;58(6):1943–1950. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.6.1943-1950.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  150. Lamont R. J., Postlethwaite R. Carriage of Listeria monocytogenes and related species in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Aberdeen, Scotland. J Infect. 1986 Sep;13(2):187–193. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(86)93121-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  151. Lamont R. J., Postlethwaite R., MacGowan A. P. Listeria monocytogenes and its role in human infection. J Infect. 1988 Jul;17(1):7–28. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(88)92236-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  152. Larner A. J., Conway M. A., Mitchell R. G., Forfar J. C. Recurrent Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in a heart transplant recipient. J Infect. 1989 Nov;19(3):263–266. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(89)90789-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  153. Lee W. H., McClain D. Improved Listeria monocytogenes selective agar. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Nov;52(5):1215–1217. doi: 10.1128/aem.52.5.1215-1217.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  154. Leimeister-Wächter M., Goebel W., Chakraborty T. Mutations affecting hemolysin production in Listeria monocytogenes located outside the listeriolysin gene. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1989 Nov;53(1-2):23–29. doi: 10.1016/0378-1097(89)90360-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  155. Leimeister-Wächter M., Haffner C., Domann E., Goebel W., Chakraborty T. Identification of a gene that positively regulates expression of listeriolysin, the major virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8336–8340. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.21.8336. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  156. Lemaire V., Cerf O., Audurier A. Heat resistance of Listeria monocytogenes. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):281–284. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  157. Lennon D., Lewis B., Mantell C., Becroft D., Dove B., Farmer K., Tonkin S., Yeates N., Stamp R., Mickleson K. Epidemic perinatal listeriosis. Pediatr Infect Dis. 1984 Jan-Feb;3(1):30–34. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198401000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  158. Linnan M. J., Mascola L., Lou X. D., Goulet V., May S., Salminen C., Hird D. W., Yonekura M. L., Hayes P., Weaver R. Epidemic listeriosis associated with Mexican-style cheese. N Engl J Med. 1988 Sep 29;319(13):823–828. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198809293191303. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  159. Loessner M. J., Bell R. H., Jay J. M., Shelef L. A. Comparison of seven plating media for enumeration of Listeria spp. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Dec;54(12):3003–3007. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.12.3003-3007.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  160. Loessner M. J., Busse M. Bacteriophage typing of Listeria species. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jun;56(6):1912–1918. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.6.1912-1918.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  161. Louthrenoo W., Schumacher H. R., Jr Listeria monocytogenes osteomyelitis complicating leukemia: report and literature review of Listeria osteoarticular infections. J Rheumatol. 1990 Jan;17(1):107–110. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  162. Lovett J. Isolation and identification of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy products. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):658–660. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  163. MACKANESS G. B. Cellular resistance to infection. J Exp Med. 1962 Sep 1;116:381–406. doi: 10.1084/jem.116.3.381. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  164. MENCIKOVA E. Adnátní listeriosy. Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol. 1956 Sep;5(5):225–228. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  165. MacDonald T. T., Carter P. B. Cell-mediated immunity to intestinal infection. Infect Immun. 1980 May;28(2):516–523. doi: 10.1128/iai.28.2.516-523.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  166. Malinverni R., Bille J., Perret C., Regli F., Tanner F., Glauser M. P. Listériose épidémique. Observation de 25 cas en 15 mois au Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1985 Jan 5;115(1):2–10. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  167. Martin R. S., Sumarah R. K., MacDonald M. A. A synthetic based medium for the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes. Clin Invest Med. 1984;7(4):233–237. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  168. Massa S., Cesaroni D., Poda G., Trovatelli L. D. The incidence of Listeria spp. in soft cheeses, butter and raw milk in the province of Bologna. J Appl Bacteriol. 1990 Feb;68(2):153–156. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02560.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  169. Mattingly J. A., Butman B. T., Plank M. C., Durham R. J., Robison B. J. Rapid monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Listeria in food products. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):679–681. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  170. McClain D., Lee W. H. Development of USDA-FSIS method for isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from raw meat and poultry. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 May-Jun;71(3):660–664. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  171. McGee Z. A., Gorby G. L., Wyrick P. B., Hodinka R., Hoffman L. H. Parasite-directed endocytosis. Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Jul-Aug;10 (Suppl 2):S311–S316. doi: 10.1093/cid/10.supplement_2.s311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  172. McLauchlin J., Audurier A., Taylor A. G. Aspects of the epidemiology of human Listeria monocytogenes infections in Britain 1967-1984; the use of serotyping and phage typing. J Med Microbiol. 1986 Dec;22(4):367–377. doi: 10.1099/00222615-22-4-367. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  173. McLauchlin J., Audurier A., Taylor A. G. The evaluation of a phage-typing system for Listeria monocytogenes for use in epidemiological studies. J Med Microbiol. 1986 Dec;22(4):357–365. doi: 10.1099/00222615-22-4-357. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  174. McLauchlin J., Crofts N., Campbell D. M. A possible outbreak of listeriosis caused by an unusual strain of Listeria monocytogenes. J Infect. 1989 Mar;18(2):179–187. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(89)91290-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  175. McLauchlin J. Distribution of serovars of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from different categories of patients with listeriosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1990 Mar;9(3):210–213. doi: 10.1007/BF01963840. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  176. McLauchlin J., Greenwood M. H., Pini P. N. The occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in cheese from a manufacturer associated with a case of listeriosis. Int J Food Microbiol. 1990 May;10(3-4):255–262. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(90)90073-e. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  177. McLauchlin J. Human listeriosis in Britain, 1967-85, a summary of 722 cases. 1. Listeriosis during pregnancy and in the newborn. Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Apr;104(2):181–189. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800059343. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  178. McLauchlin J. Human listeriosis in Britain, 1967-85, a summary of 722 cases. 2. Listeriosis in non-pregnant individuals, a changing pattern of infection and seasonal incidence. Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Apr;104(2):191–201. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800059355. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  179. McLauchlin J. Listeria monocytogenes, recent advances in the taxonomy and epidemiology of listeriosis in humans. J Appl Bacteriol. 1987 Jul;63(1):1–11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1987.tb02411.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  180. Mengaud J., Geoffroy C., Cossart P. Identification of a new operon involved in Listeria monocytogenes virulence: its first gene encodes a protein homologous to bacterial metalloproteases. Infect Immun. 1991 Mar;59(3):1043–1049. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.3.1043-1049.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  181. Mengaud J., Vicente M. F., Chenevert J., Pereira J. M., Geoffroy C., Gicquel-Sanzey B., Baquero F., Perez-Diaz J. C., Cossart P. Expression in Escherichia coli and sequence analysis of the listeriolysin O determinant of Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1988 Apr;56(4):766–772. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.4.766-772.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  182. Mengaud J., Vicente M. F., Cossart P. Transcriptional mapping and nucleotide sequence of the Listeria monocytogenes hlyA region reveal structural features that may be involved in regulation. Infect Immun. 1989 Dec;57(12):3695–3701. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.12.3695-3701.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  183. Miller J. K., Burns J. Histopathology of Listeria monocytogenes after oral feeding to mice. Appl Microbiol. 1970 May;19(5):772–775. doi: 10.1128/am.19.5.772-775.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  184. Morris I. J., Ribeiro C. D. Listeria monocytogenes and pate. Lancet. 1989 Nov 25;2(8674):1285–1286. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91902-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  185. Mulder C. J., Zanen H. C. Listeria monocytogenes neonatal meningitis in The Netherlands. Eur J Pediatr. 1986 Apr;145(1-2):60–62. doi: 10.1007/BF00441855. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  186. Munk M. E., Kaufmann S. H. Listeria monocytogenes reactive T lymphocytes in healthy individuals. Microb Pathog. 1988 Jul;5(1):49–54. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(88)90080-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  187. NJOKU-OBI A. N., JENKINS E. M., NJOKU-OBI J. C., ADAMS J., COVINGTON V. PRODUCTION AND NATURE OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES HEMOLYSINS. J Bacteriol. 1963 Jul;86:1–8. doi: 10.1128/jb.86.1.1-8.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  188. Nicolai-Scholten M. E., Potel J., Natzschka J., Pekker S. Vermehrtes Auftreten von Listeriose-Erkrankungen in Niedersachsen, 1983. Immun Infekt. 1985 Apr;13(2):76–77. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  189. Niels le Souëf P., Walters B. N. Neonatal listeriosis: a summer outbreak. Med J Aust. 1981 Aug 22;2(4):188–191. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  190. Nieman R. E., Lorber B. Listeriosis in adults: a changing pattern. Report of eight cases and review of the literature, 1968-1978. Rev Infect Dis. 1980 Mar-Apr;2(2):207–227. doi: 10.1093/clinids/2.2.207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  191. Nocera D., Bannerman E., Rocourt J., Jaton-Ogay K., Bille J. Characterization by DNA restriction endonuclease analysis of Listeria monocytogenes strains related to the Swiss epidemic of listeriosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Oct;28(10):2259–2263. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.10.2259-2263.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  192. Notermans S., Chakraborty T., Leimeister-Wächter M., Dufrenne J., Heuvelman K. J., Maas H., Jansen W., Wernars K., Guinee P. Specific gene probe for detection of biotyped and serotyped Listeria strains. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Apr;55(4):902–906. doi: 10.1128/aem.55.4.902-906.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  193. Ortel S. Bakteriologische, serologische und epidemiologische Untersuchungen wärhrend einer Listerios-Epidemie. Dtsch Gesundheitsw. 1968 Apr 18;23(16):753–759. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  194. Ortel S. Listeria-meningitis and -septicaemia in immunocompromised patients. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):153–157. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  195. Ortel S. Schwangerschaftslisteriose und Listerienausscheider bei Laboratoriumspersonal. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A. 1975 May;231(4):491–502. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  196. Parrisius J., Bhakdi S., Roth M., Tranum-Jensen J., Goebel W., Seeliger H. P. Production of listeriolysin by beta-hemolytic strains of Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1986 Jan;51(1):314–319. doi: 10.1128/iai.51.1.314-319.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  197. Peel M., Donachie W., Shaw A. Temperature-dependent expression of flagella of Listeria monocytogenes studied by electron microscopy, SDS-PAGE and western blotting. J Gen Microbiol. 1988 Aug;134(8):2171–2178. doi: 10.1099/00221287-134-8-2171. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  198. Peeters A., Waer M., Michielsen P., Verbist L., Carton H. Listeria monocytogenes meningitis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1989;91(1):29–36. doi: 10.1016/s0303-8467(89)80005-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  199. Peterkin P. I., Idziak E. S., Sharpe A. N. Detection of Listeria monocytogenes by direct colony hybridization on hydrophobic grid-membrane filters by using a chromogen-labeled DNA probe. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Feb;57(2):586–591. doi: 10.1128/aem.57.2.586-591.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  200. Piffaretti J. C., Kressebuch H., Aeschbacher M., Bille J., Bannerman E., Musser J. M., Selander R. K., Rocourt J. Genetic characterization of clones of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes causing epidemic disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(10):3818–3822. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.10.3818. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  201. Pine L., Malcolm G. B., Brooks J. B., Daneshvar M. I. Physiological studies on the growth and utilization of sugars by Listeria species. Can J Microbiol. 1989 Feb;35(2):245–254. doi: 10.1139/m89-037. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  202. Pine L., Malcolm G. B., Plikaytis B. D. Listeria monocytogenes intragastric and intraperitoneal approximate 50% lethal doses for mice are comparable, but death occurs earlier by intragastric feeding. Infect Immun. 1990 Sep;58(9):2940–2945. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.9.2940-2945.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  203. Pini P. N., Gilbert R. J. A comparison of two procedures for the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from raw chickens and soft cheese. Int J Food Microbiol. 1988 Dec 31;7(4):331–337. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(88)90059-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  204. Pini P. N., Gilbert R. J. The occurrence in the U.K. of Listeria species in raw chickens and soft cheeses. Int J Food Microbiol. 1988 Jun;6(4):317–326. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(88)90025-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  205. Pollock S. S., Pollock T. M., Harrison M. J. Infection of the central nervous system by Listeria monocytogenes: a review of 54 adult and juvenile cases. Q J Med. 1984 Summer;53(211):331–340. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  206. Portnoy D. A., Jacks P. S., Hinrichs D. J. Role of hemolysin for the intracellular growth of Listeria monocytogenes. J Exp Med. 1988 Apr 1;167(4):1459–1471. doi: 10.1084/jem.167.4.1459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  207. Poyart-Salmeron C., Carlier C., Trieu-Cuot P., Courtieu A. L., Courvalin P. Transferable plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in Listeria monocytogenes. Lancet. 1990 Jun 16;335(8703):1422–1426. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91447-i. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  208. Pérez-Díaz J. C., Vicente M. F., Baquero F. Plasmids in Listeria. Plasmid. 1982 Sep;8(2):112–118. doi: 10.1016/0147-619x(82)90049-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  209. Ramsden G. H., Johnson P. M., Hart C. A., Farquharson R. G. Listeriosis in immunocompromised pregnancy. Lancet. 1989 Apr 8;1(8641):794–794. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92620-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  210. Rao N. Listeria prosthetic valve endocarditis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1989 Aug;98(2):303–304. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  211. Rocourt J., Audurier A., Courtieu A. L., Durst J., Ortel S., Schrettenbrunner A., Taylor A. G. A multi-centre study on the phage typing of Listeria monocytogenes. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1985 Jul;259(4):489–497. doi: 10.1016/s0176-6724(85)80081-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  212. Rocourt J., Catimel B. International Phage Typing Center for Listeria: report for 1987. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):225–229. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  213. Rocourt J., Espaze E. P., Minck R., Catimel B., Hubert B., Courtieu A. L. Cluster of listeriosis isolates with different serovar and phagovar characteristics. Lancet. 1989 Nov 18;2(8673):1217–1218. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91823-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  214. Rocourt J. Taxonomy of the genus Listeria. Infection. 1988;16 (Suppl 2):S89–S91. doi: 10.1007/BF01639728. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  215. Rodler M., Körbler W. Examination of Listeria monocytogenes in milk products. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):259–261. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  216. Roncoroni A. J., Michans M., Bianchini H. M., Smayevsky J., Leardini N. Infecciones por Listeria monocytogenes. Experiencia de 15 años. Medicina (B Aires) 1987;47(3):239–242. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  217. Ryser E. T., Marth E. H. Behavior of Listeria monocytogenes during manufacture and ripening of brick cheese. J Dairy Sci. 1989 Apr;72(4):838–853. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79176-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  218. Ryser E. T., Marth E. H. Growth of Listeria monocytogenes at different pH values in uncultured whey or whey cultured with Penicillium camemberti. Can J Microbiol. 1988 Jun;34(6):730–734. doi: 10.1139/m88-124. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  219. Rácz P., Tenner K., Mérö E. Experimental Listeria enteritis. I. An electron microscopic study of the epithelial phase in experimental listeria infection. Lab Invest. 1972 Jun;26(6):694–700. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  220. Samuelsson S., Rothgardt N. P., Carvajal A., Frederiksen W. Human listeriosis in Denmark 1981-1987 including an outbreak November 1985-March 1987. J Infect. 1990 May;20(3):251–259. doi: 10.1016/0163-4453(90)91244-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  221. Schlech W. F., 3rd, Lavigne P. M., Bortolussi R. A., Allen A. C., Haldane E. V., Wort A. J., Hightower A. W., Johnson S. E., King S. H., Nicholls E. S. Epidemic listeriosis--evidence for transmission by food. N Engl J Med. 1983 Jan 27;308(4):203–206. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198301273080407. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  222. Schlech W. F., 3rd New perspectives on the gastrointestinal mode of transmission in invasive Listeria monocytogenes infection. Clin Invest Med. 1984;7(4):321–324. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  223. Schmidt-Wolf G., Seeliger H. P., Schretten-Brunner A. Menschliche Listeriose-Erkrankungen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 1969-1985. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1987 Jul;265(3-4):472–486. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  224. Schuchat A., Lizano C., Broome C. V., Swaminathan B., Kim C., Winn K. Outbreak of neonatal listeriosis associated with mineral oil. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1991 Mar;10(3):183–189. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199103000-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  225. Schwartz B., Ciesielski C. A., Broome C. V., Gaventa S., Brown G. R., Gellin B. G., Hightower A. W., Mascola L. Association of sporadic listeriosis with consumption of uncooked hot dogs and undercooked chicken. Lancet. 1988 Oct 1;2(8614):779–782. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92425-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  226. Schwartz B., Hexter D., Broome C. V., Hightower A. W., Hirschhorn R. B., Porter J. D., Hayes P. S., Bibb W. F., Lorber B., Faris D. G. Investigation of an outbreak of listeriosis: new hypotheses for the etiology of epidemic Listeria monocytogenes infections. J Infect Dis. 1989 Apr;159(4):680–685. doi: 10.1093/infdis/159.4.680. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  227. Schwarze R., Bauermeister C. D., Ortel S., Wichmann G. Perinatal listeriosis in Dresden 1981-1986: clinical and microbiological findings in 18 cases. Infection. 1989 May-Jun;17(3):131–138. doi: 10.1007/BF01644011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  228. Schönberg A., Teufel P., Weise E. Serovars of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua from food. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):249–253. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  229. Seeliger H. P. Modern taxonomy of the Listeria group relationship to its pathogenicity. Clin Invest Med. 1984;7(4):217–221. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  230. Sethi S. K., Ghafoor M. A., Vandepitte J. Outbreak of neonatal listeriosis in a regional hospital in Kuwait. Eur J Pediatr. 1989 Jan;148(4):368–370. doi: 10.1007/BF00444136. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  231. Siragusa G. R., Johnson M. G. Persistence of Listeria monocytogenes in yogurt as determined by direct plating and enrichment methods. Int J Food Microbiol. 1988 Oct;7(2):147–160. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(88)90007-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  232. Sizmur K., Walker C. W. Listeria in prepacked salads. Lancet. 1988 May 21;1(8595):1167–1167. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)91983-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  233. Skalka B., Smola J., Elischerová K. Different haemolytic activities of Listeria monocytogenes strains determined on erythrocytes of various sources and exploiting the synergism of equi-factor. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1982 Sep;29(8):642–649. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1982.tb01264.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  234. Skovgaard N., Morgen C. A. Detection of Listeria spp. in faeces from animals, in feeds, and in raw foods of animal origin. Int J Food Microbiol. 1988 May;6(3):229–242. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(88)90015-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  235. Skovgaard N., Nørrung B. The incidence of Listeria spp. in faeces of Danish pigs and in minced pork meat. Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Feb;8(1):59–63. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90080-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  236. Smith A. R., Lieberman B. A., Allen L., Barson A. J. Listeriosis and pregnancy. Lancet. 1983 Dec 10;2(8363):1364–1364. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91120-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  237. Smola J. Possibilities of differentiation of listerial hemolysins by synergistic hemolytic reactions (CAMP reactions). Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jun;8(3):265–267. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(89)90024-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  238. Sokolovic Z., Fuchs A., Goebel W. Synthesis of species-specific stress proteins by virulent strains of Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1990 Nov;58(11):3582–3587. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.11.3582-3587.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  239. Sokolovic Z., Goebel W. Synthesis of listeriolysin in Listeria monocytogenes under heat shock conditions. Infect Immun. 1989 Jan;57(1):295–298. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.1.295-298.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  240. Stecha P. F., Heynen C. A., Roll J. T., Brown J. F., Czuprynski C. J. Effects of growth temperature on the ingestion and killing of clinical isolates of Listeria monocytogenes by human neutrophils. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Jul;27(7):1572–1576. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.7.1572-1576.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  241. Stuart M. R., Pease P. E. A numerical study on the relationships of Listeria and Erysipelothrix. J Gen Microbiol. 1972 Dec;73(3):551–565. doi: 10.1099/00221287-73-3-551. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  242. Svabić-Vlahović M., Pantić D., Pavićić M., Bryner J. H. Transmission of Listeria monocytogenes from mother's milk to her baby and to puppies. Lancet. 1988 Nov 19;2(8621):1201–1201. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)90276-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  243. Sword C. P. Mechanisms of pathogenesis in Listeria monocytogenes infection. I. Influence of iron. J Bacteriol. 1966 Sep;92(3):536–542. doi: 10.1128/jb.92.3.536-542.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  244. Thomas F., Ravaud Y. Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure associated with Listeria meningitis. J Infect Dis. 1988 Aug;158(2):492–493. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.2.492. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  245. Tilney L. G., Connelly P. S., Portnoy D. A. Actin filament nucleation by the bacterial pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes. J Cell Biol. 1990 Dec;111(6 Pt 2):2979–2988. doi: 10.1083/jcb.111.6.2979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  246. Tilney L. G., Portnoy D. A. Actin filaments and the growth, movement, and spread of the intracellular bacterial parasite, Listeria monocytogenes. J Cell Biol. 1989 Oct;109(4 Pt 1):1597–1608. doi: 10.1083/jcb.109.4.1597. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  247. Trang T. T., Joly J. B., Odièvre M. Infection à Listeria monocytogenes chez le grand enfant. Arch Fr Pediatr. 1987 Jun-Jul;44(6):449–451. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  248. Trüssel M. Zum Vorkommen von Listerien bei der Produktion von Bündnerfleisch, Salami und Mettwurst. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1989;131(7):409-12,417-21. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  249. Valkenburg M. H., Essed G. G., Potters H. V. Perinatal listeriosis underdiagnosed as a cause of pre-term labour? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1988 Apr;27(4):283–288. doi: 10.1016/0028-2243(88)90040-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  250. Varughese P. V., Carter A. O. Human listeriosis in Canada-1988. Can Dis Wkly Rep. 1989 Oct 28;15(43):213–217. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  251. Vazquez-Boland J. A., Dominguez L., Rodriguez-Ferri E. F., Fernandez-Garayzabal J. F., Suarez G. Preliminary evidence that different domains are involved in cytolytic activity and receptor (cholesterol) binding in listeriolysin O, the Listeria monocytogenes thiol-activated toxin. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1989 Nov;53(1-2):95–99. doi: 10.1016/0378-1097(89)90372-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  252. Vazquez-Boland J. A., Dominguez L., Rodriguez-Ferri E. F., Suarez G. Purification and characterization of two Listeria ivanovii cytolysins, a sphingomyelinase C and a thiol-activated toxin (ivanolysin O). Infect Immun. 1989 Dec;57(12):3928–3935. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.12.3928-3935.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  253. Vicente M. F., Baquero F., Cossart P., Pérez-Díaz J. C. Cloning of two possible haemolysin determinants from Listeria monocytogenes. Ann Inst Pasteur Microbiol. 1987 May-Jun;138(3):385–387. doi: 10.1016/0769-2609(87)90126-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  254. Visintine A. M., Oleske J. M., Nahmias A. J. Infection in infants and children. Am J Dis Child. 1977 Apr;131(4):393–397. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1977.02120170019002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  255. Vogt R. L., Donnelly C., Gellin B., Bibb W., Swaminathan B. Linking environmental and human strains of Listeria monocytogenes with isoenzyme and ribosomal RNA typing. Eur J Epidemiol. 1990 Jun;6(2):229–230. doi: 10.1007/BF00145800. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  256. Warburton D. W., Farber J. M., Armstrong A., Caldeira R., Hunt T., Messier S., Plante R., Tiwari N. P., Vinet J. A comparative study of the 'FDA' and 'USDA' methods for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Int J Food Microbiol. 1991 Jun;13(2):105–117. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(91)90053-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  257. Weber A., Baumann C., Potel J., Friess H. Nachweis von Listeria monocytogenes und Listeria innocua in Käse. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1988 Nov 1;101(11):373–375. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  258. Wehr H. M. Listeria monocytogenes--a current dilemma. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1987 Sep-Oct;70(5):769–772. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  259. Weis J., Seeliger H. P. Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in nature. Appl Microbiol. 1975 Jul;30(1):29–32. doi: 10.1128/am.30.1.29-32.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  260. Welch D. F., Sword C. P., Brehm S., Dusanic D. Relationship between superoxide dismutase and pathogenic mechanisms of Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun. 1979 Mar;23(3):863–872. doi: 10.1128/iai.23.3.863-872.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  261. Wesley I. V., Ashton F. Restriction enzyme analysis of Listeria monocytogenes strains associated with food-borne epidemics. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Apr;57(4):969–975. doi: 10.1128/aem.57.4.969-975.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  262. Wetli C. V., Roldan E. O., Fojaco R. M. Listeriosis as a cause of maternal death: an obstetric complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1983 Sep 1;147(1):7–9. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(83)90074-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  263. Whitelock-Jones L., Carswell J., Rasmussen K. C. Listeria pneumonia. A case report. S Afr Med J. 1989 Feb 18;75(4):188–189. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  264. Wilhelms D., Sandow D. Preliminary studies on monocine typing of Listeria monocytogenes strains. Acta Microbiol Hung. 1989;36(2-3):235–238. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  265. Wilkinson B. J., Jones D. A numerical taxonomic survey of Listeria and related bacteria. J Gen Microbiol. 1977 Feb;98(2):399–421. doi: 10.1099/00221287-98-2-399. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  266. Wimpfheimer L., Altman N. S., Hotchkiss J. H. Growth of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A, serotype 4 and competitive spoilage organisms in raw chicken packaged under modified atmospheres and in air. Int J Food Microbiol. 1990 Dec;11(3-4):205–214. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(90)90013-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  267. Yousef A. E., Ryser E. T., Marth E. H. Methods for improved recovery of Listeria monocytogenes from cheese. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Nov;54(11):2643–2649. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.11.2643-2649.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  268. al-Zoreky N., Sandine W. E. Highly selective medium for isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from food. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Oct;56(10):3154–3157. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.10.3154-3157.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  269. de la Lande P., Barthélémy P., Golstein F., Terris G. Un cas de listeria anale au cours d'un SIDA. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 1988 Dec;12(12):972–973. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  270. van Netten P., van de Ven A., Perales I., Mossel D. A. A selective and diagnostic medium for use in the enumeration of Listeria spp. in foods. Int J Food Microbiol. 1988 May;6(3):187–198. doi: 10.1016/0168-1605(88)90011-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Microbiological Reviews are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES