Table 6.
Polymorphisms associated with repetitive malaria-associated seizures. (A) Site specific and (B) pooled analysis across sites
| (A) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blantyre, Malawi | Kilifi, Kenya | Kumasi, Ghana | Muheza, Tanzania | |||||||||
| Polymorphism | Odds ratio | p-value | Model | Odds ratio | p-value | Model | Odds ratio | p-value | Model | Odds ratio | p-value | Model |
| CR1 rs17047660 | 0.27 (0.03–3.49) | 0.25132 | gen | 3.04 (1.51–6.12) | 0.00180 | rec | 2.17 (0.70–6.75) | 0.17981 | gen | 2.24 (0.68–7.33) | 0.18336 | gen |
| IL4 rs2243250 | 0.29 (0.11–0.73) | 0.00884 | gen | 1.12 (0.87–1.40) | 0.37876 | het | 0.66 (0.18–2.43) | 0.53585 | gen | 0.71 (0.40–1.26) | 0.24413 | het |
| EMR1 rs373533 | 5.74 (1.67–19.6) | 0.00545 | gen | 1.27 (0.94–1.72) | 0.11501 | gen | 0.27 (0.14–0.50) | 0.00003 | het | 0.74 (0.39–1.40) | 0.35779 | rec |
| EMR1 rs461645 | 0.23 (0.07–0.73) | 0.01243 | gen | 1.21 (0.95–1.55) | 0.121345 | het | 0.38 (0.21–0.69) | 0.00127 | het | 1.24 (0.65–2.37) | 0.52182 | add |
| ICAM1 rs5498 | 1.97 (1.21–3.21) | 0.00676 | het | 0.70 (0.51–0.97) | 0.03135 | gen | 0.60 (0.27–1.34) | 0.20767 | het | 1.11 (0.61–2.01) | 0.73366 | add |
| CD40LG rs3092945 (female) | 10.90 (1.92–62.05) | 0.00706 | gen | 0.49 (0.28–0.86) | 0.012395 | rec | 1.06 (0.38–2.95) | 0.90875 | het | 0.61 (0.16–2.42) | 0.48705 | add |
| IL17RE rs708567 | 0.65 (0.37–1.15) | 0.13993 | rec | 0.64 (0.46–0.90) | 0.00951 | rec | 1.10 (0.62–1.97) | 0.72768 | het | 1.63 (0.73–3.69) | 0.23548 | gen |
| ABO rs8176746 | 0.74 (0.46–1.19) | 0.21816 | dom | 2.27 (1.24–4.17) | 0.00803 | rec | 0.69 (0.38–1.24) | 0.21205 | het | 0.25 (0.03–2.03) | 0.19634 | rec |
| IL10 rs1800896 | 1.62 (1.03–2.55) | 0.03673 | het | 0.81 (0.55–1.20) | 0.30182 | gen | 0.42 (0.22–0.81) | 0.00934 | het | 1.54 (0.65–3.65) | 0.32719 | gen |
| (B) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pooled analysis across the four sites | ||||||||||||
| Gene | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Model | |||||||||
| CR1 rs17047660 | 1.97 (1.22–3.22) | 0.00547 | rec | |||||||||
| CFTR rs171140229 | 0.60 (0.41–0.86) | 0.00543 | het | |||||||||
| G6PD rs1050829 (males) | 0.29 (0.11–0.72) | 0.00817 | gen | |||||||||
Genotypic tests with a p-value ≤ 0.009 are reported, with comparisons from other sites (on adjustment for multiple testing, a p-value of ≤0.009 was considered to represent true genotypic tests). The logistic model was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and history of adverse perinatal events. Model denotes the inheritance pattern of interest: add = additive, dom = dominant, het = heterozygous, and rec = recessive. Polymorphisms are represented as HUGO gene symbol and rs number.