Abstract
A mutant of bacteriophage P22 (Lys−) was isolated which shows a plaque morphology on mixed plates comparable to the r+ plaques of the T-even phages. When Lys− and normal Lys+ plaques are juxtaposed on a petri dish, the Lys+ plaque exhibits a flat side adjacent to the Lys− plaque. The mutant is identical to P22 under an electron microscope, is inactivated at the same rate by antiserum and heat, and has the same kinetics of attachment. It does not plate on Salmonella lysogenic for phage P22 nor on strain St/22. In liquid culture, the lysis of mutant infections in M9CAA medium is delayed between 20 and 40 min. Cells mixedly infected in M9CAA with Lys− and Lys+ phage lyse later than Lys+-infected cells and even later than Lys−-infected cells. In unsupplemented M9 medium, however, mixedly infected cells again lyse later than Lys+-infected cells, but Lys−-infected cells require more than 3 hr to lyse. In supplemented and unsupplemented M9 media, intracellular phage development and endolysin synthesis proceed in Lys− infections at least as rapidly as in Lys+-infected cells. In diluted infections, the latent and eclipse periods of Lys− and Lys+ infections are indistinguishable. The possible mechanisms involved in the control and timing of lysis are discussed.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- CAMPBELL A. Sensitive mutants of bacteriophage lambda. Virology. 1961 May;14:22–32. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(61)90128-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cohen L. W. Delayed lysis with salmonella bacteriophage p22: induction of lysis by addition of cysteine or histidine to the growth medium. J Virol. 1969 Sep;4(3):214–218. doi: 10.1128/jvi.4.3.214-218.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doermann A. H. Lysis and Lysis Inhibition with Escherichia coli Bacteriophage. J Bacteriol. 1948 Feb;55(2):257–276. doi: 10.1128/jb.55.2.257-276.1948. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Emrich J. Lysis of T4-infected bacteria in the absence of lysozyme. Virology. 1968 May;35(1):158–165. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(68)90315-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- GROMAN N. B., SUZUKI G. QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF ENDOLYSIN SYNTHESIS DURING REPRODUCTION OF LAMBDA PHAGES. J Bacteriol. 1963 Aug;86:187–194. doi: 10.1128/jb.86.2.187-194.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- GROMAN N. B., SUZUKI G. Relation of endolysin to lysis by lambda bacteriophages. J Bacteriol. 1962 Sep;84:596–597. doi: 10.1128/jb.84.3.596-597.1962. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hershey A. D. Mutation of Bacteriophage with Respect to Type of Plaque. Genetics. 1946 Nov;31(6):620–640. doi: 10.1093/genetics/31.6.620. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- JACOB F., FUERST R., WOLLMAN E. L. Recherches sur les bactéries lysogènes défectives. II. Les types physiologiques liés aux mutations du prophage. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1957 Dec;93(6):724–753. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LEVINE M., CURTISS R. Genetic fine structure of the C region and the linkage map of phage P22. Genetics. 1961 Dec;46:1573–1580. doi: 10.1093/genetics/46.12.1573. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LEVINE M. Mutations in the temperate phage P22 and lysogeny in Salmonella. Virology. 1957 Feb;3(1):22–41. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(57)90021-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rao R. N. Bacteriophage P22 controlled exclusion in Salmonella typhimurium. J Mol Biol. 1968 Aug 14;35(3):607–622. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(68)80017-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SMITH H. O., LEVINE M. TWO SEQUENTIAL REPRESSIONS OF DNA SYNTHESIS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF LYSOGENY BY PHAGE P22 AND ITS MUTANTS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Aug;52:356–363. doi: 10.1073/pnas.52.2.356. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weigle J. J. Induction of Mutations in a Bacterial Virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1953 Jul;39(7):628–636. doi: 10.1073/pnas.39.7.628. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Whitfield H. J., Jr, Martin R. G., Ames B. N. Classification of aminotransferase (C gene) mutants in the histidine operon. J Mol Biol. 1966 Nov 14;21(2):335–355. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(66)90103-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yamamoto N., Weir M. L. Genetic relationships between serologically unrelated bacteriophages P22 and P221b. Virology. 1966 Jan;28(1):168–169. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(66)90319-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Young B. G. Some phages released from P22-infected salmonella. Virology. 1966 Feb;28(2):249–264. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(66)90149-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]