Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1970 Feb;5(2):114–122. doi: 10.1128/jvi.5.2.114-122.1970

Characterization of the Kilham Rat Virus

Lois Ann Salzman 1, Lee Ann Jori 1
PMCID: PMC375977  PMID: 4317344

Abstract

Kilham rat virus (KRV) was found to grow in a rat nephroma cell line and to form plaques on secondary rat embryo monolayers. The virus was purified by enzymatic treatment and isopycnic cesium chloride sedimentation. KRV bands at a density of 1.41 g/cm3 in cesium chloride. It contains about 26.5% deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The sedimentation coefficient S20,w in sucrose gradients was 122 corresponding to a molecular weight of 6.6 × 106 daltons. The reaction of formaldehyde with the KRV virion suggests that the DNA in situ is single-stranded. DNA extracted from KRV had a buoyant density of 1.715 g/cm3 in cesium chloride. The S20,w was determined in sucrose gradients to be 16, and the molecular weight was calculated to be approximately 1.7 × 106 daltons. The base composition of the DNA is 26.7% adenine, 30.8% thymine, 20.0% guanine, and 22.5% cytosine. On the basis of its noncomplementary nucleotide ratio, melting curve, and the reaction with formaldehyde, the DNA of KRV is believed to be single-stranded.

Full text

PDF
114

Images in this article

116Image
on p.116

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BAER P. N., KILHAM L. Rat virus and periodontal disease. I. The periodontium in the mongoloid hamster. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1962 Jun;15:756–763. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(62)90261-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BURGI E., HERSHEY A. D. Sedimentation rate as a measure of molecular weight of DNA. Biophys J. 1963 Jul;3:309–321. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3495(63)86823-x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BURTON K. A study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochem J. 1956 Feb;62(2):315–323. doi: 10.1042/bj0620315. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Babcock V. I., Southam C. M. Stable cell line of rat nephroma in tissue culture. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1967 Jan;124(1):217–219. doi: 10.3181/00379727-124-31705. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Britten R. J., Roberts R. B. High-Resolution Density Gradient Sedimentation Analysis. Science. 1960 Jan 1;131(3392):32–33. doi: 10.1126/science.131.3392.32. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Crawford L. V. A minute virus of mice. Virology. 1966 Aug;29(4):605–612. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(66)90284-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Crawford L. V., Follett E. A., Burdon M. G., McGeoch D. J. The DNA of a minute virus of mice. J Gen Virol. 1969 Jan;4(1):37–46. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-4-1-37. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. FIERS W., SINSHEIMER R. L. The structure of the DNA of bacteriophage phi-X174. III. Ultracentrifugal evidence for a ring structure. J Mol Biol. 1962 Oct;5:424–434. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(62)80031-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. JOSSE J., KAISER A. D., KORNBERG A. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. VIII. Frequencies of nearest neighbor base sequences in deoxyribonucleic acid. J Biol Chem. 1961 Mar;236:864–875. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Jamison R. M., Mayor H. D. Acridine orange staining of purified rat virus strain X14. J Bacteriol. 1965 Nov;90(5):1486–1488. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.5.1486-1488.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. KILHAM L., OLIVIER L. J. A latent virus of rats isolated in tissue culture. Virology. 1959 Apr;7(4):428–437. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(59)90071-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kilham L. Viruses of laboratory and wild rats. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1966 Feb;20:117–146. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Koch M. A., Eggers H. J., Anderer F. A., Schlumberger H. D., Frank H. Structure of simian virus 40. I. Purification and physical characterization of the virus particle. Virology. 1967 Jul;32(3):503–510. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(67)90302-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. MARMUR J., DOTY P. Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J Mol Biol. 1962 Jul;5:109–118. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(62)80066-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Margolis G., Kilham L., Ruffolo P. R. Rat virus disease, an experimental model of neonatal hepatitis. Exp Mol Pathol. 1968 Feb;8(1):1–20. doi: 10.1016/0014-4800(68)90002-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. May P., Niveleau A., Berger G., Brailovsky C. Recherches sur le DNA du virus K du rat (Parvovirus ratti) J Mol Biol. 1967 Aug 14;27(3):603–614. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90062-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mayor H. D., Melnick J. L. Small deoxyribonucleic acid-containing viruses (picodnavirus group). Nature. 1966 Apr 16;210(5033):331–332. doi: 10.1038/210331a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. PATTERSON M. S., GREENE R. C. MEASUREMENT OF LOW ENERGY BETA-EMITTERS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY LIQUID SCINTILLATION COUNTING OF EMULSIONS. Anal Chem. 1965 Jun;37:854–857. doi: 10.1021/ac60226a017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. RABSON A. S., KILHAM L., KIRSCHSTEIN R. L. Intranuclear inclusion in Rattus (Mastomys) natalensis infected with rat virus. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1961 Nov;27:1217–1223. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Robinson D. M., Hetrick F. M. Single-stranded DNA from the Kilham rat virus. J Gen Virol. 1969 Mar;4(2):269–281. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-4-2-269. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. SCHILDKRAUT C. L., MARMUR J., DOTY P. Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its buoyant density in CsCl. J Mol Biol. 1962 Jun;4:430–443. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(62)80100-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. STUDIER F. W. SEDIMENTATION STUDIES OF THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF DNA. J Mol Biol. 1965 Feb;11:373–390. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(65)80064-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. TROMANS W. J., HORNE R. W. The structure of bacteriophage phi-X174. Virology. 1961 Sep;15:1–7. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(61)90069-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Vinograd J., Lebowitz J., Radloff R., Watson R., Laipis P. The twisted circular form of polyoma viral DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 May;53(5):1104–1111. doi: 10.1073/pnas.53.5.1104. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. WINOCOUR E. Purification of polyoma virus. Virology. 1963 Feb;19:158–168. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(63)90005-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES