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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Sep 20.
Published in final edited form as: Stroke. 2011 Jul 21;42(9):2672–2713. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3182299496

Table 6.

Main Randomized Trials of Antihypertensive Drugs That Have Included Cognitive Impairment or Dementia as Outcomes: Results on Dementia

Incidence and Number of Dementia Cases
Active
 Placebo
Study Diagnosis of Dementia Cases of Dementia/Number of patients Incidence (per 1000 patient-years) Cases of Dementia/Number of Patients Incidence (per 1000 patient-years) Main Results on Dementia (95% CI) Type of Dementia (Alzheimer Disease vs VCI or Poststroke Dementia)
SHEP440 Expert-based; DSM-III-R 37/2365 Not indicated 44/2371 Not indicated 16% Reduction in dementia; nonsignificant Not defined
Syst-Eur442 Expert-based; DSM-III-R 11/1238 3.8 21/1180 7.7 50% (0% to 76%) Reduction in dementia; P=0.05 23 Cases of Alzheimer disease and 7 cases of mixed dementia
PROGRESS445 Expert-based; DSM-IV 193/3051 16 217/3054 19 12% (–8% to 28%) Reduction in dementia; P=0.2 34% (3% to 55%) Reduction in dementia with recurrent stroke; P=0.03 1% (–24% to 22%) for other dementia; P=0.9
SCOPE443 ICD-10 criteria; Independent Clinical Event Committee 62/2477 6.8 57/2460 6.3 7% Increased risk in active arm; P>0.20 Not defined
HYVET444 Expert based; DSM-IV 126/1687 33 137/1649 38 14% (–9% to 23%) Reduction in dementia; P=0.2 Similar results for Alzheimer disease (164 patients) and vascular dementia (84 patients)
PRoFESS441 Clinical impression of dementia 408/8624 Not indicated 409/8646 Not indicated No reduction of the risk of dementia; P=0.48 Not defined

CI indicates confidence interval; VCI, vascular cognitive impairment; SHEP, Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program; DSM-III-R, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition (revised); Syst-Eur, Systolic Hypertension in Europe; PROGRESS, Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study; DSM-IV, Diagnostic and StatisticalManual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition; SCOPE, Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly; ICD-10, International Classification of Disease, 10th edition; HYVET, Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial; and PRoFESS, Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Second Strokes.