Abstract
Rhodotorula gracilis metabolizes Chlorobenzilate (ethyl 4,4′-dichlorobenzilate) and Chloropropylate (isopropyl 4,4′-dichlorobenzilate) to several metabolites in a basal medium supplemented by sucrose and by several intermediates of the citric acid cycle. Three identified metabolites resulting from the degradation of either acaricide, were 4,4′-dichlorobenzilic acid, 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone, and carbon dioxide. Chlorobenzilate, i.e., ethyl ester of 4,4′-dichlorobenzilic acid, was more easily hydrolyzed than Chloropropylate, i.e., isopropyl ester of this acid, so that larger amounts of carbon dioxide and 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone were obtained from Chlorobenzilate degradation. Regardless of acaricides used, longer incubation caused a higher accumulation of 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone. The probable steps of the degradation pathway are: Chlorobenzilate (or Chloropropylate) → 4,4′-dichlorobenzilic acid → 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone plus carbon dioxide. It appears that the decarboxylation of 4,4′-dichlorobenzilic acid to 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone was hindered by α-ketoglutarate and enhanced by succinate.
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