Skip to main content
Bacteriological Reviews logoLink to Bacteriological Reviews
. 1972 Sep;36(3):263–290. doi: 10.1128/br.36.3.263-290.1972

Cell biology of the mycoplasmas.

J Maniloff, H J Morowitz
PMCID: PMC378448  PMID: 4345848

Full text

PDF
263

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ARGAMAN M., RAZIN S. CHOLESTEROL AND CHOLESTEROL ESTERS IN MYCOPLASMA. J Gen Microbiol. 1965 Jan;38:153–160. doi: 10.1099/00221287-38-1-153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Allen T. C. Base composition and genome size of Mycoplasma meleagridis deoxyribonucleic acid. J Gen Microbiol. 1971 Dec;69(2):285–286. doi: 10.1099/00221287-69-2-285. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Allen T. C., Stevens J. O., Florance E. R., Hampton R. O. Ultrastructure of Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolate 1056. J Ultrastruct Res. 1970 Nov;33(3):318–331. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5320(70)90025-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Anderson D. L., Pollock M. E., Brower L. F. Morphology of Mycoplasma laidlawii type A. II. Effect of glucose on growth and cellular morphology. J Bacteriol. 1965 Dec;90(6):1768–1777. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.6.1768-1777.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Argaman M., Razin S. Antigenic properties of mycoplasma organisms and membranes. J Gen Microbiol. 1969 Jan;55(1):45–58. doi: 10.1099/00221287-55-1-45. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Auborn J. J., Eyring E. M., Choules G. L. Kinetics of sodium dodecyl sulfate solubilization of Mycoplasma laidlawii plasma membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Sep;68(9):1996–1998. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.9.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bak A. L., Black F. T., Christiansen C., Freundt E. A. Genome size of mycoplasmal DNA. Nature. 1969 Dec 20;224(5225):1209–1210. doi: 10.1038/2241209a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bak A. L., Black F. T. DNA base composition of human T strain mycoplasmas. Nature. 1968 Sep 7;219(5158):1044–1045. doi: 10.1038/2191044a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Bernstein-Ziv R. Cell division in Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Can J Microbiol. 1969 Oct;15(10):1125–1128. doi: 10.1139/m69-204. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Bernstein-Ziv R. The effect of hypotonic solutions on the morphology of cells of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Can J Microbiol. 1971 Sep;17(9):1203–1205. doi: 10.1139/m71-192. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Biberfeld G., Biberfeld P. Ultrastructural features of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. J Bacteriol. 1970 Jun;102(3):855–861. doi: 10.1128/jb.102.3.855-861.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Boatman E. S., Kenny G. E. Three-dimensional morphology, ultrastructure, and replication of Mycoplasma felis. J Bacteriol. 1970 Jan;101(1):262–267. doi: 10.1128/jb.101.1.262-277.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Bode H. R., Morowitz H. J. Size and structure of the Mycoplasma hominis H39 chromosome. J Mol Biol. 1967 Jan 28;23(2):191–199. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(67)80026-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Bredt W. Experimentelle Untersuchungen über Morphologie und Vermehrung der beim Menschen vorkommenden Mycoplasmen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Mycoplasma hominis. Z Med Mikrobiol Immunol. 1970;155(3):248–274. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Bredt W., Höfling K. H., Heunert H. H., Milthaler B. Messungen an beweglichen Zellen von Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Z Med Mikrobiol Immunol. 1970;156(1):39–43. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Bredt W. Motility and multiplication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. A phase contrast study. Pathol Microbiol (Basel) 1968;32(6):321–326. doi: 10.1159/000162074. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Bredt W. Phasenkontrastmikroskopische Untersuchungen zu Morphologie und Vermehrung von Mycoplasma pneumoniae an Glas. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig. 1968;208(4):549–562. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Carstensen E. L., Maniloff J., Einolf C. W., Jr Electrical properties and ultrastructure of Mycoplasma membranes. Biophys J. 1971 Jul;11(7):572–581. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(71)86236-7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Chen T. A., Granados R. R. Plant-Pathogenic Mycoplasma-Like Organism: Maintenance in vitro and Transmission to Zea mays L. Science. 1970 Mar 20;167(3925):1633–1636. doi: 10.1126/science.167.3925.1633. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Cho H. W., Morowitz H. J. Characterization of the plasma membrane of Mycoplasma laidlawii. VI. Potassium transport. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Jul 15;183(2):295–303. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90085-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Choules G. L., Bjorklund R. F. Evidence of beta structure in Mycoplasma membranes. Circular dichroism, optical rotatory dispersion, and infrared studies. Biochemistry. 1970 Nov 24;9(24):4759–4767. doi: 10.1021/bi00826a020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Choules G. L., Gray W. R. Peptidase activity in the membranes of Mycoplasma laidlawii. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971 Nov;45(4):849–855. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90416-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Chu H. P., Horne R. W. Electron microscopy of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma mycoides using the negative staining technique and their comparison with myxovirus. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Jul 28;143(1):190–203. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb27658.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Cole R. M., Popkin T. J., Prescott B., Chanock R. M., Razin S. Electron microscopy of solubilized Acholeplasma laidlawii membrane proteins reaggregated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae glycolipids. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Mar 9;233(1):76–83. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90359-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Collier A. M., Clyde W. A. Relationships Between Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Human Respiratory Epithelium. Infect Immun. 1971 May;3(5):694–701. doi: 10.1128/iai.3.5.694-701.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. DOMERMUTH C. H., NIELSEN M. H., FREUNDT E. A., BIRCH-ANDERSEN A. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MYCOPLASMA SPECIES. J Bacteriol. 1964 Sep;88:727–744. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.3.727-744.1964. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Darland G., Brock T. D., Samsonoff W., Conti S. F. A thermophilic, acidophilic mycoplasma isolated from a coal refuse pile. Science. 1970 Dec 25;170(3965):1416–1418. doi: 10.1126/science.170.3965.1416. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Das J., Maniloff J., Bhattacharjee S. B. Dark and light repair in ultraviolet-irradiated Acholeplasma laidlawii. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Jan 31;259(2):189–197. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(72)90058-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Dugle D. L., Dugle J. R. Presence of two DNA populations in Mycoplasma laidlawii. Can J Microbiol. 1971 Mar;17(3):433–434. doi: 10.1139/m71-072. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Engelman D. M. Lipid bilayer structure in the membrane of Mycoplasma laidlawii. J Mol Biol. 1971 May 28;58(1):153–165. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(71)90238-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Engelman D. M., Morowitz H. J. Characterization of the plasma membrane of Mycoplasma laidlawii. IV. Structure and composition of membrane and aggregated components. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968 Apr 29;150(3):385–396. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(68)90137-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Engelman D. M. X-ray diffraction studies of phase transitions in the membrane of Mycoplasma laidlawii. J Mol Biol. 1970 Jan 14;47(1):115–117. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90407-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Feldmann H., Falter H. Transfer ribonucleic acid from Mycoplasma laidlawii A. Eur J Biochem. 1971 Feb;18(4):573–581. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1971.tb01278.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Folsome C. E. Deoxyribonucleate binding and transformation in Mycoplasma laidlawii. J Gen Microbiol. 1968 Jan;50(1):43–53. doi: 10.1099/00221287-50-1-43. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Fraterrigo C. C., Perlman D. Tetracycline inhibition of Mycoplasma ribosomal protein synthesis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1971 Mar;24(3):185–188. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.24.185. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Furness G. Analysis of the growth cycle of Mycoplasma orale by synchronized division and by ultraviolet irradiation. J Infect Dis. 1968 Oct;118(4):436–442. doi: 10.1093/infdis/118.4.436. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Furness G., Pipes F. J., McMurtrey M. J. Analysis of the life cycle of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by synchronized division and by ultraviolet and x irradiations. J Infect Dis. 1968 Feb;118(1):7–13. doi: 10.1093/infdis/118.1.7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Furness G., Pipes F. J., McMurtrey M. J. Susceptibility of human mycoplasmata to ultraviolet and x irradiations. J Infect Dis. 1968 Feb;118(1):1–6. doi: 10.1093/infdis/118.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Gourlay R. N., Bruce J., Garwes D. J. Characterization of Mycoplasmatales virus laidlawii 1. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jan 27;229(4):118–119. doi: 10.1038/newbio229118a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Gourlay R. N. Isolation of a virus infecting a strain of Mycoplasma laidlawii. Nature. 1970 Mar 21;225(5238):1165–1165. doi: 10.1038/2251165a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Gourlay R. N. Mycoplasmatales virus-laidlawii 2, a new virus isolated from Acholeplasma laidlawii. J Gen Virol. 1971 Jul;12(1):65–67. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-12-1-65. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Gourlay R. N., Thrower K. J. Morphology of Mycoplasma mycoides thread-phase growth. J Gen Microbiol. 1968 Nov;54(1):155–159. doi: 10.1099/00221287-54-1-155. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Granados R. R., Maramorosch K., Shikata E. Mycoplasma: SUSPECTED ETIOLOGIC AGENT OF CORN STUNT. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Jul;60(3):841–844. doi: 10.1073/pnas.60.3.841. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Granados R. R., Maramorosch K., Shikata E. Mycoplasma: SUSPECTED ETIOLOGIC AGENT OF CORN STUNT. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Jul;60(3):841–844. doi: 10.1073/pnas.60.3.841. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. HUMMELER K., TOMASSINI N., HAYFLICK L. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF A MYCOPLASMA (NEGRONI) ISOLATED FROM HUMAN LEUKEMIA. J Bacteriol. 1965 Aug;90:517–523. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.2.517-523.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Hall R. H., Mittelman A., Horoszewicz J., Grace J. T., Jr The RNA of Mycoplasma--880. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Jul 28;143(1):799–800. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb27727.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Hayashi H., Fisher H., Söll D. Transfer ribonucleic acid from Mycoplasma. Biochemistry. 1969 Sep;8(9):3680–3686. doi: 10.1021/bi00837a028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. JONES A. S., WALKER R. T. Isolation and analysis of the deoxyribonucleic acid of Mycoplasma mycoides var. Capri. Nature. 1963 May 11;198:588–589. doi: 10.1038/198588a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Johnson J. D., Horowitz J. Characterization of ribosomes and RNAs from Mycoplasma hominis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Oct 14;247(2):262–279. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(71)90675-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Johnson L., Hayashi H., Söll D. Isolation and properties of a transfer ribonucleic acid deficient in ribothymidine. Biochemistry. 1970 Jul 7;9(14):2823–2831. doi: 10.1021/bi00816a011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Jones T. C., Hirsch J. G. The interaction in vitro of Mycoplasma pulmonis with mouse peritoneal macrophages and L-cells. J Exp Med. 1971 Feb 1;133(2):231–259. doi: 10.1084/jem.133.2.231. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. KELLER R., MORTON H. E. The growth of pleuropneumonia-like organisms of human origin: cultivation in the developing chick embryo and an in vitro growth cycle. J Bacteriol. 1954 Feb;67(2):129–134. doi: 10.1128/jb.67.2.129-134.1954. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. KELTON W. H. Growth-curve studies of pleuropneumonialike organisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1960 Jan 15;79:422–429. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1960.tb42707.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. KELTON W. H. Synchronized division of avian pleuropneumonialike organisms. J Bacteriol. 1962 May;83:948–955. doi: 10.1128/jb.83.5.948-955.1962. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Kahane I., Razin S. Characterization of the mycoplasma membrane proteins. I. Reaggregation of solubilized membrane proteins of Acholeplasma laidlawii. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Oct 12;249(1):159–168. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90092-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Kahane I., Razin S. Immunological analysis of Mycoplasma membranes. J Bacteriol. 1969 Oct;100(1):187–194. doi: 10.1128/jb.100.1.187-194.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Kahane I., Razin S. Synthesis and turnover of membrane protein and lipid in Mycoplasma laidlawii. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Jun 3;183(1):79–89. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90131-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Kammer G. M., Pollack J. D., Klainer A. S. Scanning-beam electron microscopy of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. J Bacteriol. 1970 Oct;104(1):499–502. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.1.499-502.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Kirk R. G., Morowitz H. J. Ribonucleic acids of Mycoplasma gallisepticum strain A5969. Am J Vet Res. 1969 Feb;30(2):287–293. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Knudson D. L., MacLeod R. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma salivarium: electron microscopy of colony growth in agar. J Bacteriol. 1970 Feb;101(2):609–617. doi: 10.1128/jb.101.2.609-617.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Koostra W. L., Adams J. N., Smith P. F. In vitro selection and identification of antibiotic resistant Mycoplasma mutants. J Bacteriol. 1966 Jun;91(6):2386–2387. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.6.2386-2387.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. LOW I. E., EATON M. D. REPLICATION OF MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE IN BROTH CULTURE. J Bacteriol. 1965 Mar;89:725–728. doi: 10.1128/jb.89.3.725-728.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Lemcke R. M. Sizing small organisms. Nature. 1971 Feb 12;229(5285):492–493. doi: 10.1038/229492a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Lenard J., Singer S. J. Protein conformation in cell membrane preparations as studied by optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Dec;56(6):1828–1835. doi: 10.1073/pnas.56.6.1828. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Liss A., Maniloff J. Isolation of Mycoplasmatales viruses and characterization of MVL1, MVL52, and MVG51. Science. 1971 Aug 20;173(3998):725–727. doi: 10.1126/science.173.3998.725. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. MANILOFF J., MOROWITZ H. J., BARRNETT R. J. STUDIES OF THE ULTRASTRUCTURE AND RIBOSOMAL ARRANGEMENTS OF THE PLEUROPNEUMONIA-LIKE ORGANISM A5969. J Cell Biol. 1965 Apr;25:139–150. doi: 10.1083/jcb.25.1.139. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. MOLANDER C. W., WEINBERGER H. J., KAGAN B. M. GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL L FORMS ON AND THROUGH MEMBRANE DISCS OF VARIOUS PORE SIZES. J Bacteriol. 1965 Mar;89:907–907. doi: 10.1128/jb.89.3.907-907.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. MOROWITZ H. J., CLEVERDON R. C. An extreme example of the coding problem, avian PPLO 5969. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1959 Aug;34:578–579. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(59)90322-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. MOROWITZ H. J., CLEVERDON R. C. The irradiation of the pleuropneumonia-like organism A5969 with cobalt-60 gamma rays. Radiat Res. 1960 Dec;13:854–856. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. MOROWITZ H. J., TOURTELLOTTE M. E., GUILD W. R., CASTRO E., WOESE C. The chemical composition and submicroscopic morphology of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, avian PPLO 5969. J Mol Biol. 1962 Feb;4:93–103. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(62)80041-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. MOROWITZ H. J., TOURTELLOTTE M. E. The smallest living cells. Sci Am. 1962 Mar;206:117–126. doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican0362-117. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Maniloff J. Analysis of the helical ribosome structures of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Jan;68(1):43–47. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.1.43. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Maniloff J. Electron microscopy of small cells: Mycoplasma hominis. J Bacteriol. 1969 Dec;100(3):1402–1408. doi: 10.1128/jb.100.3.1402-1408.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Maniloff J., Morowitz H. J., Barrnett R. J. Ultrastructure and Ribosomes of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. J Bacteriol. 1965 Jul;90(1):193–204. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.1.193-204.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Maniloff J., Morowitz H. J. Ultrastructure and life cycle of Mycoplasma gallisepticum A5969. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Jul 28;143(1):59–65. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb27644.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Maniloff J. Ultrastructure of Mycoplasma laidlawii during culture development. J Bacteriol. 1970 May;102(2):561–572. doi: 10.1128/jb.102.2.561-572.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. McElhaney R. N., Tourtellotte M. E. Mycoplasma membrane lipids: variations in fatty acid composition. Science. 1969 Apr 25;164(3878):433–434. doi: 10.1126/science.164.3878.433. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Mcelhaney R. N., de Gier J., van Deenen L. L. The effect of alterations in fatty acid composition and cholesterol content on the permeability of Mycoplasma laidlawii B cells and derived liposomes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970;219(1):245–247. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Melchior D. L., Morowitz H. J., Sturtevant J. M., Tsong T. Y. Characterization of the plasma membrane of Mycoplasma laidlawii. VII. Phase transitions of membrane lipids. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970;219(1):114–122. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90066-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Metcalfe J. C., Metcalfe S. M., Engelman D. M. Structural comparisons of native and reaggregated membranes from Mycoplasma laidlawii and erythrocytes by x-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Aug 13;241(2):412–421. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90041-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Metcalfe S. M., Metcalfe J. C., Engelman D. M. Structural comparisons of native and reaggregated membranes from Mycoplasma laidawii and erythrocytes using a fluorescence probe. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Aug 13;241(2):422–430. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90042-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Metz J., Bredt W. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an Mycoplasma hominis (Stamm W 463-69. Z Med Mikrobiol Immunol. 1971;156(4):368–378. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Morowitz H. J., Bode H. R., Kirk R. G. The nucleic acids of mycoplasma. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Jul 28;143(1):110–114. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb27650.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Morowitz H. J., Maniloff J. Analysis of the life cycle of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. J Bacteriol. 1966 Apr;91(4):1638–1644. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.4.1638-1644.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Morowitz H. J., Tourtellotte M. E., Pollack M. E. USE OF POROUS CELLULOSE ESTER MEMBRANES IN THE PRIMARY ISOLATION AND SIZE DETERMINATION OF PLEUROPNEUMONIA-LIKE ORGANISMS. J Bacteriol. 1963 Jan;85(1):134–136. doi: 10.1128/jb.85.1.134-136.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  86. Munkres M., Wachtel A. Histochemical localization of phosphatases in Mycoplasma gallisepticum. J Bacteriol. 1967 Mar;93(3):1096–1103. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.3.1096-1103.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  87. Neimark H. C. Division of mycoplasmas into subgroups. J Gen Microbiol. 1970 Oct;63(2):249–263. doi: 10.1099/00221287-63-2-249. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. Panos C., Rottem S. Incorporation and elongation of fatty acid isomers by Mycoplasma laidlawii A. Biochemistry. 1970 Jan 20;9(2):407–412. doi: 10.1021/bi00804a030. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. Pollack J. D., Razin S., Cleverdon R. C. Localization of Enzymes in Mycoplasma. J Bacteriol. 1965 Sep;90(3):617–622. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.3.617-622.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  90. Pollack J. D., Razin S., Pollack M. E., Cleverdon R. C. Fractionation of mycoplasma cells for enzyme localization. Life Sci. 1965 May;4(9):973–977. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(65)90200-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. RAZIN S., ARGAMAN M., AVIGAN J. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MYCOPLASMA CELLS AND MEMBRANES. J Gen Microbiol. 1963 Dec;33:477–487. doi: 10.1099/00221287-33-3-477. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  92. RAZIN S. FACTORS INFLUENCING OSMOTIC FRAGILITY OF MYCOPLASMA. J Gen Microbiol. 1964 Sep;36:451–459. doi: 10.1099/00221287-36-3-451. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  93. Razin S., Cosenza B. J. Growth phases of Mycoplasma in liquid media observed with phase-contrast microscope. J Bacteriol. 1966 Feb;91(2):858–869. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.2.858-869.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  94. Razin S., Gottfried L., Rottem S. Amino acid transport in Mycoplasma. J Bacteriol. 1968 May;95(5):1685–1691. doi: 10.1128/jb.95.5.1685-1691.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  95. Razin S., Kahane I. Hybridization of solubilized membrane components from different mycoplasma species by reaggregation. Nature. 1969 Aug 23;223(5208):863–864. doi: 10.1038/223863a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  96. Razin S., Morowitz H. J., Terry T. M. Membrane subunits of Mycoplasma laidlawii and their assembly to membranelike structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Jul;54(1):219–225. doi: 10.1073/pnas.54.1.219. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  97. Razin S. Mycoplasma taxonomy studiedy electrophoresis of cell proteins. J Bacteriol. 1968 Sep;96(3):687–694. doi: 10.1128/jb.96.3.687-694.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  98. Razin S., Ne'eman Z., Ohad I. Selective reaggregation of solubilized Mycoplasma-membrane proteins and the kinetics of membrane reformation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969;193(2):277–293. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90189-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  99. Razin S., Prescott B., Caldes G., James W. D., Chanock R. M. Role of Glycolipids and Phosphatidylglycerol in the Serological Activity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Infect Immun. 1970 Apr;1(4):408–416. doi: 10.1128/iai.1.4.408-416.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  100. Razin S., Prescott B., Chanock R. M. Immunogenicity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae glycolipids: a novel approach to the production of antisera to membrane lipids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Oct;67(2):590–597. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.2.590. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  101. Razin S., Prescott B., James W. D., Caldes G., Valdesuso J., Chanock R. M. Production and Properties of Antisera to Membrane Glycolipids of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Infect Immun. 1971 Mar;3(3):420–423. doi: 10.1128/iai.3.3.420-423.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  102. Razin S. Reconstruction of biological membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Apr 18;265(2):241–296. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  103. Razin S., Rottem S. Identification of Mycoplasma and other microorganisms by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of cell proteins. J Bacteriol. 1967 Dec;94(6):1807–1810. doi: 10.1128/jb.94.6.1807-1810.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  104. Razin S. Structure and function in mycoplasma. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1969;23:317–356. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.23.100169.001533. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  105. Razin S. The cell membrane of mycoplasma. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Jul 28;143(1):115–129. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb27651.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  106. Razin S., Tourtellotte M. E., McElhaney R. N., Pollack J. D. Influence of lipid components of Mycoplasma laidlawii membranes on osmotic fragility of cells. J Bacteriol. 1966 Feb;91(2):609–616. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.2.609-616.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  107. Reinert J. C., Steim J. M. Calorimetric detection of a membrane-lipid phase transition in living cells. Science. 1970 Jun 26;168(3939):1580–1582. doi: 10.1126/science.168.3939.1580. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  108. Reuss K. Influence of fixation on gross morphology of Mycoplasma. J Bacteriol. 1967 Jan;93(1):490–492. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.1.490-492.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  109. Rottem S., Hubbell W. L., Hayflick L., McConnell H. M. Motion of fatty acid spin labels in the plasma membrane of mycoplasma. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970;219(1):104–113. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90065-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  110. Rottem S., Kalkstein A., Citri N. Incorporation of penicillinase into reaggregated mycoplasma membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Aug 13;241(2):593–599. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90057-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  111. Rottem S., Panos C. The effect of long chain fatty acid isomers on growth, fatty acid composition and osmotic fragility of Mycoplasma laidlawii A. J Gen Microbiol. 1969 Dec;59(3):317–328. doi: 10.1099/00221287-59-3-317. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  112. Rottem S., Razin S. Adenosine triphosphatase activity of mycoplasma membranes. J Bacteriol. 1966 Sep;92(3):714–722. doi: 10.1128/jb.92.3.714-722.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  113. Rottem S., Razin S. Electrophoretic patterns of membrane proteins of Mycoplasma. J Bacteriol. 1967 Aug;94(2):359–364. doi: 10.1128/jb.94.2.359-364.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  114. Rottem S., Razin S. Sugar transport in Mycoplasma gallisepticum. J Bacteriol. 1969 Feb;97(2):787–792. doi: 10.1128/jb.97.2.787-792.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  115. Rottem S., Stein O., Razin S. Reassembly of Mycoplasma membranes disaggregated by detergents. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1968 Apr;125(1):46–56. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(68)90637-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  116. Ryan J. L., Morowitz H. J. Partial purification of native rRNA and tRNA cistrons from mycoplasma sp. (Kid). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Aug;63(4):1282–1289. doi: 10.1073/pnas.63.4.1282. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  117. SCHWAN H. P., MOROWITZ H. J. Electrical properties of the membranes of the pleuropneumonia-like organism A 5969. Biophys J. 1962 Sep;2:395–407. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3495(62)86863-5. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  118. SMITH P. F. Quantitative measurement of the growth of pleuropneumonia-like organisms. Appl Microbiol. 1956 Sep;4(5):254–259. doi: 10.1128/am.4.5.254-259.1956. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  119. Schwartz J. L., Perlman D. Antibiotic resustance mechanisms in Mycoplasma species. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1971 Sep;24(9):575–582. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.24.575. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  120. Slater M. L., Folsome C. E. Induction of alpha-glucosidase in Mycoplasma laidlawii A. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jan 27;229(4):117–118. doi: 10.1038/newbio229117a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  121. Smith D. W. DNA replication in Mycoplasma laidlawii B. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Apr 22;179(2):408–421. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90049-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  122. Smith D. W., Hanawalt P. C. Macromolecular synthesis and thymineless death in Mycoplasma laidlawii B. J Bacteriol. 1968 Dec;96(6):2066–2076. doi: 10.1128/jb.96.6.2066-2076.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  123. Smith D. W., Hanawalt P. C. Properties of the growing point region in the bacterial chromosome. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967 Dec 19;149(2):519–531. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(67)90180-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  124. Smith D. W., Hanawalt P. C. Repair replication of DNA in ultraviolet irradiated Mycoplasma laidlawii B. J Mol Biol. 1969 Nov 28;46(1):57–72. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90057-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  125. Stanbridge E. Mycoplasmas and cell cultures. Bacteriol Rev. 1971 Jun;35(2):206–227. doi: 10.1128/br.35.2.206-227.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  126. Steim J. M., Tourtellotte M. E., Reinert J. C., McElhaney R. N., Rader R. L. Calorimetric evidence for the liquid-crystalline state of lipids in a biomembrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 May;63(1):104–109. doi: 10.1073/pnas.63.1.104. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  127. Steinberg P., Horswood R. L., Brunner H., Chanock R. M. Temperature-sensitive mutants of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. II. Response of hamsters. J Infect Dis. 1971 Aug;124(2):179–187. doi: 10.1093/infdis/124.2.179. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  128. Steinberg P., Horswood R. L., Chanock R. M. Temperature-sensitive mutants of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. I. In vitro biologic properties. J Infect Dis. 1969 Aug;120(2):217–224. doi: 10.1093/infdis/120.2.217. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  129. Tillack T. W., Carter R., Razin S. Native and reformed Mycoplasma laidlawii membranes compared by freeze-etching. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970;219(1):123–130. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90067-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  130. Tourtellotte M. E., Branton D., Keith A. Membrane structure: spin labeling and freeze etching of Mycoplasma laidawii. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Jul;66(3):909–916. doi: 10.1073/pnas.66.3.909. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  131. Tourtellotte M. E., Pollack M. E., Nalewaik R. P. Protein synthesis in mycoplasma. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Jul 28;143(1):130–138. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb27652.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  132. WEIBULL C., LUNDIN B. M. Morphology of pleuropneumonia-like organisms and bacterial L forms grown in liquid media. J Bacteriol. 1963 Feb;85:440–445. doi: 10.1128/jb.85.2.440-445.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  133. Walker R. T. Biosynthetic precursors of some modified nucleosides in the transfer ribonucleic acid of Mycoplasma mycoides var. capri. J Bacteriol. 1971 Sep;107(3):618–622. doi: 10.1128/jb.107.3.618-622.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  134. Yudkin M. D. Isolation and analysis of the protoplast membrane of Bacillus megaterium. Biochem J. 1966 Mar;98(3):923–928. doi: 10.1042/bj0980923. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  135. Zucker-Franklin D., Davidson M., Thomas L. The interaction of mycoplasmas with mammalian cells. I. HeLa cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. J Exp Med. 1966 Sep 1;124(3):521–532. doi: 10.1084/jem.124.3.521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  136. Zucker-Franklin D., Davidson M., Thomas L. The interaction of mycoplasmas with mammalian cells. II. Monocytes and lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1966 Sep 1;124(3):533–542. doi: 10.1084/jem.124.3.533. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  137. van Golde L. M., McElhaney R. N., van Deenen L. L. A membrane-bound lysophospholipase from Mycoplasma laidlawii strain B. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Feb 2;231(1):245–249. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(71)90275-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Bacteriological Reviews are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES