Skip to main content
Applied Microbiology logoLink to Applied Microbiology
. 1973 Oct;26(4):459–465. doi: 10.1128/am.26.4.459-465.1973

Efficiency of Various Growth Media in Recovering Oral Bacterial Flora from Human Dental Plaque

Salam A Syed 1,2, Walter J Loesche 1,2
PMCID: PMC379827  PMID: 4584588

Abstract

MM10 sucrose blood agar (MM10 SB agar), N2C agar, Schaedler agar (SH agar), and mitis salivarius agar (MS agar) were tested for their ability to recover human dental plaque flora by a continuous anaerobic procedure and by a conventional anaerobic method. MM10 SB agar yielded higher recovery of bacteria from plaque samples as determined by the enumeration of colony-forming units (CFU). The CFU on N2C agar, SH agar, and MS agar were lower than MM10 SB agar when the continuous anaerobic procedure was used. The superior performance of MM10 SB agar was much more apparent when used for the cultivation of dental plaque by the conventional anaerobic method. Under these conditions the counts were consistently higher on MM10 SB agar as compared to the other media tested. However, the differential counts of Streptococcus sanguis and S. mutans from carious plaque samples were in general comparable on all culture media. Deletion of blood from MM10 SB agar did not lower counts. The elimination of dithiothreitol from this medium resulted in a significantly lower recovery of bacteria from the plaque samples when cultured by the conventional anaerobic method. The storage of MM10 SB agar for varying periods of time aerobic conditions did not seem to affect its performance. These findings suggest that MM10 SB agar is an ideal culture medium for the isolation, nonselective enumeration, and differential counts of bacteria present in normal and disease-associated plaques.

Full text

PDF
459

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arank A., Syed S. A., Kenney E. B., Freter R. Isolation of anaerobic bacteria from human gingiva and mouse cecum by means of a simplified glove box procedure. Appl Microbiol. 1969 Apr;17(4):568–576. doi: 10.1128/am.17.4.568-576.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barnes E. M., Burton G. C. The effect of hibernation on the caecal flora of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Citellus tridecemlineatus). J Appl Bacteriol. 1970 Sep;33(3):505–514. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1970.tb02227.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. CLELAND W. W. DITHIOTHREITOL, A NEW PROTECTIVE REAGENT FOR SH GROUPS. Biochemistry. 1964 Apr;3:480–482. doi: 10.1021/bi00892a002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Caldwell D. R., Bryant M. P. Medium without rumen fluid for nonselective enumeration and isolation of rumen bacteria. Appl Microbiol. 1966 Sep;14(5):794–801. doi: 10.1128/am.14.5.794-801.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Carlsson J. Presence of various types of non-haemolytic streptococci in dental plaque and in other sites of the oral cavity in man. Odontol Revy. 1967;18(1):55–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Eller C., Crabill M. R., Bryant M. P. Anaerobic roll tube media for nonselective enumeration and isolation of bacteria in human feces. Appl Microbiol. 1971 Oct;22(4):522–529. doi: 10.1128/am.22.4.522-529.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. GIBBONS R. J., SOCRANSKY S. S. Intracellular polysaccharide storage by organisms in dental plaques. Its relation to dental caries and microbial ecology of the oral cavity. Arch Oral Biol. 1962 Jan-Feb;7:73–79. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(62)90050-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gilmour M. N., Poole A. E. Growth stimulation of the mixed microbial flora of human dental plaques by haemin. Arch Oral Biol. 1970 Dec;15(12):1343–1353. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(70)90022-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gordon D. F., Stutman M., Loesche W. J. Improved isolation of anaerobic bacteria from the gingival crevice area of man. Appl Microbiol. 1971 Jun;21(6):1046–1050. doi: 10.1128/am.21.6.1046-1050.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. HUNGATE R. E. The anaerobic mesophilic cellulolytic bacteria. Bacteriol Rev. 1950 Mar;14(1):1–49. doi: 10.1128/br.14.1.1-49.1950. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jordan H. V., Englander H. R., Lim S. Potentially cariogenic streptococci in selected population groups in the western hemisphere. J Am Dent Assoc. 1969 Jun;78(6):1331–1335. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1969.0194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. KRASSE B. The proportional distribution of Streptococcus salivarius and other streptococci in various parts of the mouth. Odontol Revy. 1954;5(3):203–211. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Littleton N. W., Kakehashi S., Fitzgerald R. J. Recovery of specific "caries-inducing" streptococci from carious lesions in the teeth of children. Arch Oral Biol. 1970 May;15(5):461–463. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(70)90073-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Loesche W. J., Hockett R. N., Syed S. A. The predominant cultivable flora of tooth surface plaque removed from institutionalized subjects. Arch Oral Biol. 1972 Sep;17(9):1311–1325. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(72)90164-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Loesche W. J., Syed S. A. The predominant cultivable flora of carious plaque and carious dentine. Caries Res. 1973;7(3):201–216. doi: 10.1159/000259844. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mah R. A., Sussman C. Microbiology of anaerobic sludge fermentation. I. Enumeration of the nonmethanogenic anaerobic bacteria. Appl Microbiol. 1968 Feb;16(2):358–361. doi: 10.1128/am.16.2.358-361.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. McCabe R. M., Keyes P. H., Howell A., Jr An in vitro method for assessing the plaque forming ability of oral bacteria. Arch Oral Biol. 1967 Dec;12(12):1653–1656. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(67)90200-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Reed G. B., Orr J. H. Cultivation of Anaerobes and Oxidation-Reduction Potentials. J Bacteriol. 1943 Apr;45(4):309–320. doi: 10.1128/jb.45.4.309-320.1943. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Syed S. A., Loesche W. J. Survival of human dental plaque flora in various transport media. Appl Microbiol. 1972 Oct;24(4):638–644. doi: 10.1128/am.24.4.638-644.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES