Table 3.

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of elevated C-reactive protein (≥3 vs. <3 mg/L) concentrations by quintiles of sex steroid hormones the U.S. population of adult men 20 years or older, NHANES 1999–2004

Quintiles of sex steroid hormones	Model 3†
	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-trend‡
Total testosterone, ng/mL
≤3.30	1.00 (ref)
3.31–4.33	0.56	0.31 – 1.01
4.34–5.35	0.71	0.40 – 1.26
5.36–6.51	0.31	0.15 – 0.63
>6.51	0.17	0.07 – 0.45	<0.001
Calculated free testosterone, ng/mL
≤0.058	1.00 (ref)
0.059–0.081	0.43	0.22 – 0.84
0.082–0.103	0.56	0.34 – 0.94
0.104–0.132	0.26	0.13 – 0.52
>0.132	0.27	0.11 – 0.66	0.003
Total estradiol, pg/mL
≤18.9	1.00 (ref)
19.0–26.1	1.55	0.73 – 3.26
26.2–32.6	2.22	1.14 – 4.33
32.7–41.4	2.62	1.30 – 5.26
>41.4	2.94	1.39 – 6.22	0.003
Calculated free estradiol, pg/mL
≤0.058	1.00 (ref)
0.059–0.080	1.17	0.59 – 2.32
0.081–0.104	1.66	0.88 – 3.12
0.105–0.133	1.95	0.96 – 3.95
>0.133	3.41	1.55 – 7.48	0.001
Total testosterone to estradiol molar ratio
≤0.104	1.00 (ref)
0.105–0.138	0.77	0.46 – 1.31
0.139–0.174	0.54	0.28 – 1.04
0.175–0.231	0.45	0.22 – 0.92
>0.231	0.32	0.14 – 0.72	0.005
SHBG, nmol/L
≤22.5	1.00 (ref)
22.6–30.2	1.27	0.67 – 2.39
30.3–39.9	1.20	0.58 – 2.49
40.0–52.9	1.82	0.79 – 4.23
>52.9	1.79	0.70 – 4.57	0.18
Androstanediol glucuronide, ng/mL
≤4.70	1.00 (ref)
4.71–6.03	0.93	0.47 – 1.84
6.04–7.41	1.56	0.78 – 3.12
7.42–10.1	1.42	0.76 – 2.68
>10.1	0.98	0.44 – 2.16	0.68

Abbreviations: SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin; CI, confidence interval

^†From a logistic regression model of sex steroid hormones on elevated C-reactive protein (≥3 vs. <3 mg/L) adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, waist circumference, cigarette smoking, diabetes, alcohol consumption, and leisure-time physical activity. Models of testosterone, estradiol, and SHBG are mutually adjusted, and models of calculated free testosterone and free estradiol are mutually adjusted

^‡Per 1 weighted quintile change in sex steroid hormones