Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1983 Aug;80(15):4770–4774. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.15.4770

Three organizations of human DNA.

D Strayer, N Heintz, R Roeder, D Gillespie
PMCID: PMC384126  PMID: 6576359

Abstract

Human DNA was denatured, annealed to low C0t, and fractionated by centrifugation to equilibrium on gradients of NaI. Three well-defined zones resulted. The topmost, least dense zone contained satellite DNA. The bottom zone contained molecules bearing infrequent sequences and short repeated DNA. The middle zone contained molecules bearing infrequent sequences, short repeated DNA, and long repeated DNA. The NaI pattern was independent of single-strand DNA chain length from 5 to 30 kilobases. Structural genes were found in the organization bearing long repeats.

Full text

PDF
4770

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams J. W., Kaufman R. E., Kretschmer P. J., Harrison M., Nienhuis A. W. A family of long reiterated DNA sequences, one copy of which is next to the human beta globin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Dec 20;8(24):6113–6128. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.24.6113. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Anet R., Strayer D. R. Density gradient relaxation: a method for preparative buoyant density separation of DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969 Feb 7;34(3):328–334. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90836-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Anet R., Strayer D. R. Sodium iodide density gradients for the preparative buoyant density separations of DNA mixtures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969 Sep 24;37(1):52–58. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90879-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Birnboim H. C., Doly J. A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1513–1523. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1513. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Britten R. J., Kohne D. E. Repeated sequences in DNA. Hundreds of thousands of copies of DNA sequences have been incorporated into the genomes of higher organisms. Science. 1968 Aug 9;161(3841):529–540. doi: 10.1126/science.161.3841.529. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cowan N. J., Wilde C. D., Chow L. T., Wefald F. C. Structural variation among human beta-tubulin genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4877–4881. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.8.4877. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Davidson E. H., Hough B. R., Amenson C. S., Britten R. J. General interspersion of repetitive with non-repetitive sequence elements in the DNA of Xenopus. J Mol Biol. 1973 Jun 15;77(1):1–23. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90359-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Deininger P. L., Jolly D. J., Rubin C. M., Friedmann T., Schmid C. W. Base sequence studies of 300 nucleotide renatured repeated human DNA clones. J Mol Biol. 1981 Sep 5;151(1):17–33. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90219-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dugaiczyk A., Law S. W., Dennison O. E. Nucleotide sequence and the encoded amino acids of human serum albumin mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jan;79(1):71–75. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.1.71. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Heintz N., Zernik M., Roeder R. G. The structure of the human histone genes: clustered but not tandemly repeated. Cell. 1981 Jun;24(3):661–668. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90092-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hollis G. F., Hieter P. A., McBride O. W., Swan D., Leder P. Processed genes: a dispersed human immunoglobulin gene bearing evidence of RNA-type processing. Nature. 1982 Mar 25;296(5855):321–325. doi: 10.1038/296321a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Houck C. M., Rinehart F. P., Schmid C. W. A ubiquitous family of repeated DNA sequences in the human genome. J Mol Biol. 1979 Aug 15;132(3):289–306. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90261-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jeffreys A. J., Flavell R. A. A physical map of the DNA regions flanking the rabbit beta-globin gene. Cell. 1977 Oct;12(2):429–439. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90119-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Maio J. J., Brown F. L., McKenna W. G., Musich P. R. Toward a molecular paleontology of primate genomes. II. The KpnI families of alphoid DNAs. Chromosoma. 1981;83(1):127–144. doi: 10.1007/BF00286020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Maio J. J. DNA strand reassociation and polyribonucleotide binding in the African green monkey, Cercopithecus aethiops. J Mol Biol. 1971 Mar 28;56(3):579–595. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(71)90403-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Manning J. E., Schmid C. W., Davidson N. Interspersion of repetitive and nonrepetitive DNA sequences in the Drosophila melanogaster genome. Cell. 1975 Feb;4(2):141–155. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(75)90121-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Manser T., Gesteland R. F. Characterization of small nuclear RNA U1 gene candidates and pseudogenes from the human genome. J Mol Appl Genet. 1981;1(2):117–125. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Miesfeld R., Krystal M., Arnheim N. A member of a new repeated sequence family which is conserved throughout eucaryotic evolution is found between the human delta and beta globin genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Nov 25;9(22):5931–5947. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.22.5931. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Rubin C. M., Houck C. M., Deininger P. L., Friedmann T., Schmid C. W. Partial nucleotide sequence of the 300-nucleotide interspersed repeated human DNA sequences. Nature. 1980 Mar 27;284(5754):372–374. doi: 10.1038/284372a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Strayer D. R. The effects of temperature and ethidium bromide on the banding of heat-denatured DNA in gradients of NaI. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Jan 26;561(1):69–76. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(79)90491-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Vogelstein B., Gillespie D. Preparative and analytical purification of DNA from agarose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Feb;76(2):615–619. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.2.615. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Zasloff M., Santos T. Reiteration frequency mapping: analysis of repetitive sequence organization within cloned DNA fragments containing the human initiator methionine tRNA gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Oct;77(10):5668–5672. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.5668. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES