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. 2013 Dec 6;(360):1–44. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.360.4742

Checklist of beetles (Coleoptera) of Canada and Alaska. Second edition

Yves Bousquet 1, Patrice Bouchard 1, Anthony E Davies 1, Derek S Sikes 2
PMCID: PMC3867111  PMID: 24363590

Abstract Abstract

All 8237 species-group taxa of Coleoptera known to occur in Canada and Alaska are recorded by province/territory or state, along with their author(s) and year of publication, in a classification framework. Only presence of taxa in each Canadian province or territory and Alaska is noted. Labrador is considered a distinct geographical entity. Adventive and Holarctic species-group taxa are indicated. References to pertinent identification keys are given under the corresponding supraspecific taxa in the data archive.

Keywords: Coleoptera, checklist, distribution, classification, adventive and Holarctic species, Alaska, Canada

Introduction

More than twenty years have passed since the publication of the Checklist of beetles of Canada and Alaska (Bousquet 1991). During that period many changes have been introduced into the classification of Coleoptera. For example, the scydmaenines, pselaphines, scaphidiines, and micropeplines, which were usually regarded as distinct families, are now part of the Staphylinidae, the lyctines are included in the Bostrichidae, the anobiines in the Ptinidae, the languriines in the Erotylidae, the bruchines in the Chrysomelidae, the apionines and ithycerines in the Brentidae, and the scolytines and platypodines in the Curculionidae. On the other hand, a number of family-group taxa, usually treated as subfamilies, are now considered distinct families. This is the case for the geotrupines, trogines, glaresines, ochodaeines, and the glaphyrines in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea, the silvanines, passandrines, laemophloeines, and kateretines in the Cucujoidea, and the megalopodines and orsodacnines in the Chrysomeloidea. This period also saw the publication of numerous revisions of genus-group and family-group taxa, frequently accompanied by phylogenetic analyses, which have often drastically changed our understanding of the classification of these taxa. Three volumes of the series The Insects and Arachnids of Canada have been issued, one dealing with the superfamily Curculionoidea (excluding the Curculionidae) (Bright 1993), one on the Histeridae (Bousquet and Laplante 2006) and one on the Curculionidae subfamily Entiminae (Bright and Bouchard 2008). Finally many Canadian provincial and territorial records have been published in the last twenty years. These represent both new introductions as well as increases in our knowledge of native species distributions largely through increased collection efforts. This is particularly true for the Maritimes, thanks to the effort of Christopher Majka and Reginald Webster. Considering the amount of new information available, we believe that a new edition of the Checklist of beetles of Canada and Alaska will help those interested in beetles of the Canadian fauna.

As for the first edition of the Checklist, this publication is intended to provide the correct names of the beetles that occur in Canada and Alaska, give a brief survey of the distribution of the species in the area covered, and lead the users to useful publications for the identification of the taxa.

Format

The classification of family-group taxa used in this checklist follows Bouchard et al. (2011). The listing of these names is phylogenetic for the superfamilies, families, and subfamilies, starting with what is considered the most basal-grade taxa, and alphabetic for the supertribes, tribes, and subtribes. Genus-group and species-group taxa and invalid synonyms are listed alphabetically. Synonyms are not listed unless the names were considered as valid taxa in the first edition of the Checklist, or the taxa were described after the publication of the first edition of the Checklist and reported from Canada and/or neighboring states, or the names have been used in recent important works dealing with the Nearctic fauna.

The authors of all scientific names are listed along with the date of publication of the taxa. To avoid confusion, initials are included for several authors, such as H.P. Brown, W.J. Brown, H. Clark, W.E. Clark, G. Dellacasa, M. Dellacasa, D.C. Miller, K.B. Miller, W.V. Miller, P.W.J. Müller, O.F. Müller, C.R. Sahlberg, R.F. Sahlberg, J.R. Sahlberg, C. Schaeffer, J.C. Schaeffer, E.H. Smith, J.B. Smith, R.F. Smith, S.G. Smith, C.G. Thomson, J. Thomson, A. Zimmermann, C.C.A. Zimmermann as well as W. Horn, and J.E. LeConte. LeConte and Horn stand for J.L. LeConte and G. Horn respectively.

An asterisk [*] placed after a species-group name indicates that the taxon is Holarctic, a dagger [†] that it is adventive in North America, and a double dagger [‡] that its status is uncertain and the taxon could be Holarctic or adventive on this continent. Species that have been intercepted at ports of entry but are not established in Canada or Alaska are not included in the list.

References to species identification keys are listed under the corresponding supraspecific taxa in the data archive. Only references including keys useful for the determination of all or most Canadian taxa of the group treated are considered. Keys published before the 1930s are usually out-of-date and most are omitted. References to generic keys are omitted since such keys are included in the two volumes of American Beetles (Arnett and Thomas 2000; Arnett et al. 2002).

An abbreviation of two letters is used to indicate records for the Canadian provinces and territories and for Alaska (see section “Abbreviations”). Labrador is considered a distinct geographic entity. The distributional records are based mostly on published records and on specimens in the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, in Ottawa although other Canadian and Alaskan collections were surveyed for some groups. Only records considered to be reliable are listed. The absence of a geographic entry after a species-group name indicates that the taxon was recorded from Canada but no province was specified.

Abbreviations

AB NB ON

AK NF PE

BC NS QC

LB NT SK

MB NU YT

Taxonomic coverage

All extant described species in the order Coleoptera known to occur in Canada and Alaska are included. For a summary of the number of species recorded in each beetle family see Table 1.

Table 1.

Number of Coleoptera species for each province/territory and Alaska by family. A = adventive; H = holarctic; T = total.

AK YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PE LB NF T H A
Archostemata
Cupedidae 1 2 1 3
Micromalthidae 1 1
Adephaga
Gyrinidae 9 11 14 1 18 18 21 21 27 28 17 18 9 11 13 34 4
Trachypachidae 1 1 1 2 1 1 2
Rhysodidae 1 1 2
Carabidae 254 199 217 34 504 416 349 376 532 479 333 292 174 96 178 989 95 54
Haliplidae 5 6 11 18 15 13 13 19 22 14 13 6 2 4 34 2
Noteridae 2 2 2
Amphizoidae 1 2 3 2 3
Dytiscidae 103 118 119 24 173 159 134 151 163 150 105 87 38 81 79 284 52
Polyphaga
Hydrophiloidea
Hydrophilidae 25 20 35 4 84 67 65 68 96 89 46 46 21 6 26 151 11 19
Sphaeritidae 1 1 1 1
Histeridae 4 3 3 56 52 46 53 77 67 43 32 14 5 136 1 12
Staphylinoidea
Hydraenidae 3 4 21 10 9 5 6 7 3 1 1 27 1
Ptiliidae 9 1 26 15 1 11 27 29 16 18 3 3 49 8 12
Agyrtidae 4 1 6 3 1 8
Leiodidae 55 39 18 1 105 74 45 58 110 101 43 52 2 15 25 182 13 2
Silphidae 9 6 9 3 13 17 18 18 18 17 11 12 11 3 6 26 4 1
Staphylinidae 402 264 209 30 779 443 270 390 865 769 625 422 86 149 317 1682 106 152
Scarabaeoidea
Geotrupidae 1 2 3 6 8 7 4 4 1 2 12 1
Passalidae 1 1 1
Trogidae 1 3 5 6 5 12 6 4 4 2 1 15
Glaresidae 1 1 1 2
Lucanidae 2 1 2 7 2 2 3 8 5 4 3 1 1 14
Ochodaeidae 1 2 1 2 1 4
Hybosoridae 1 1
Glaphyridae 1 1
Scarabaeidae 18 10 17 80 92 74 77 126 105 50 43 13 6 19 221 1 23
Scirtoidea
Eucinetidae 1 1 3 5 4 3 5 4 5 5 3 1 7 1
Clambidae 1 3 3 2 2 3 6 2 1 2 7 2
Scirtidae 1 1 2 9 4 3 4 15 17 14 13 7 4 25 1 1
Dascilloidea
Rhipiceridae 1 1
Buprestoidea
Buprestidae 16 13 19 80 60 51 65 117 92 51 37 12 5 7 177 1 6
Byrrhoidea
Byrrhidae 15 9 13 1 16 14 13 7 11 12 7 7 4 7 7 26 3 3
Elmidae 1 14 11 4 6 17 20 11 12 4 2 5 32
Dryopidae 2 1 1 1 3 5 3 2 1 6 1
Lutrochidae 1 1 1
Limnichidae 1 1 3 2 3
Heteroceridae 2 4 5 10 18 17 20 18 16 5 2 1 28
Psephenidae 4 3 3 2 4
Ptilodactylidae 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 4
Elateroidea
Artematopodidae 1 3 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 5
Eucnemidae 1 14 1 3 4 25 23 16 10 4 1 38
Throscidae 2 6 1 1 1 4 4 2 3 2 1 8
Elateridae 57 34 52 4 201 133 102 100 188 177 124 110 49 25 42 386 7 7
Lycidae 3 1 1 8 5 5 9 25 21 16 9 1 1 29 1
Phengodidae 1 1
Lampyridae 1 10 5 10 12 23 17 10 11 6 1 1 32 1
Cantharidae 19 14 14 4 66 39 25 33 87 79 50 34 1 6 16 154 1 3
Derodontoidea
Derodontidae 2 5 4 3 2 2 4 1 8 1
Nosodendridae 1 1 2
Bostrichoidea
Dermestidae 9 4 6 1 33 22 21 15 28 27 12 16 11 5 49 16
Endecatomidae 1 1 1 1 1
Bostrichidae 2 1 3 13 4 5 7 17 13 5 7 5 24 1 4
Ptinidae 11 6 2 47 23 25 28 55 56 24 36 15 12 98 19
Lymexyloidea
Lymexylidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Cleroidea
Trogossitidae 4 4 5 17 6 6 7 12 9 7 7 2 1 3 22 1
Cleridae 5 4 6 23 13 13 16 34 27 15 15 7 4 52 6
Melyridae 1 3 37 15 12 7 13 14 5 3 1 1 53 2
Cucujoidea
Byturidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sphindidae 2 2 4 5 5 4 3 6
Biphyllidae 1 1 1 1
Erotylidae 6 6 5 10 20 19 10 7 2 28 1
Monotomidae 5 1 13 8 8 4 18 13 9 8 2 5 27 5
Cryptophagidae 27 2 4 48 16 22 15 23 29 19 26 7 7 15 73 18 10
Silvanidae 2 1 7 6 5 7 13 14 7 8 2 3 16 6
Cucujidae 2 1 1 6 2 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 8 1
Passandridae 1 1 1
Phalacridae 3 5 4 4 3 4 3 2 1 2 8
Laemophloeidae 1 4 2 6 7 9 11 6 8 2 2 13 3
Kateretidae 2 1 2 5 4 4 3 6 6 5 3 1 4 8 1 2
Nitidulidae 20 13 8 1 61 42 35 45 63 63 48 38 12 1 9 101 9 11
Bothrideridae 2 2 4
Cerylonidae 1 1 3 2 2 1 6 4 3 3 1 2 8 1
Endomychidae 1 7 2 2 5 11 9 6 7 2 2 16 2
Coccinellidae 29 30 36 2 92 81 79 66 84 80 43 43 21 9 16 161 2 9
Corylophidae 2 1 2 7 4 5 4 10 10 4 8 1 16 2
Latridiidae 19 5 6 34 10 23 18 22 29 27 31 17 1 14 64 7 21
Tenebrionoidea
Mycetophagidae 1 6 4 7 7 10 13 8 6 2 16 2
Ciidae 6 6 19 10 7 14 16 19 7 13 2 6 29 1
Tetratomidae 3 1 9 2 2 10 13 18 9 8 2 1 20 1
Melandryidae 5 2 3 20 10 9 12 21 31 25 24 5 3 13 43 3
Mordellidae 2 6 18 10 31 38 48 50 30 25 14 75
Ripiphoridae 3 2 2 1 5 3 2 1 11
Zopheridae 1 2 9 4 3 2 9 6 4 2 1 2 19 1
Tenebrionidae 8 7 5 61 43 38 43 80 70 41 39 17 2 6 141 1 12
Prostomidae 1 1
Synchroidae 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
Stenotrachelidae 2 1 2 5 3 3 1 4 5 3 2 2 2 2 9
Oedemeridae 2 10 4 3 3 5 5 5 5 1 2 13 1
Meloidae 3 1 3 22 26 22 19 18 13 7 5 47
Mycteridae 2 1 2 1 1 4
Boridae 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2
Pythidae 4 3 3 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 2 2 1 6
Pyrochroidae 2 1 8 5 3 4 10 12 7 5 3 1 22 1
Salpingidae 6 1 1 9 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 15 1
Anthicidae 3 2 5 34 27 26 21 27 26 16 13 7 3 65 3
Aderidae 1 1 1 8 9 4 3 1 10 1
Scraptiidae 2 1 16 5 5 3 8 9 4 5 3 3 20
Ischaliidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
Chrysomeloidea
Cerambycidae 39 33 34 4 152 103 80 113 223 190 122 99 43 19 33 368 3 7
Megalopodidae 2 3 4 6 5 5 5 6 6 1 2 1 7 1
Orsodacnidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Chrysomelidae 55 49 76 1 225 265 222 277 386 322 195 168 94 19 48 598 8 55
Curculionoidea
Nemonychidae 6 3 1 1 2 3 2 2 8
Anthribidae 2 2 2 5 8 8 7 13 17 11 6 1 1 20 1 1
Attelabidae 3 3 4 7 9 11 9 4 5 2 2 14
Brentidae 4 3 3 14 21 18 20 22 22 13 11 3 1 49 1 8
Dryophthoridae 9 10 8 10 19 17 9 12 4 2 27 3
Brachyceridae 4 4 5 9 12 10 10 13 13 7 5 1 1 3 19 4 2
Curculionidae 127 93 85 8 411 295 239 228 400 386 244 218 99 15 95 823 19 106
Total 1448 1041 1115 123 3932 2863 2353 2679 4513 4127 2703 2286 899 501 1099 8237 394 628
% of total 17,6 12,7 13,6 1,5 47,8 34,8 28,6 32,6 54,8 50,2 32,9 27,8 10,9 6,1 13,4 4,8 7,6
# species in 1991 Checklist 1205 838 1031 n/a 3626 2463 1670 2351 3841 3464 1365 1320 340 373 872 7436 316 469
Difference between 1991 and 2013 243 203 84 n/a 306 400 683 328 672 663 1338 966 559 128 227 801 78 159
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Spatial coverage

This checklist includes records from all provinces and territories of Canada as well as the American state of Alaska.

Temporal coverage

1758–2013.

Dataset description

Object name: Darwin Core Archive Checklist of the beetles (Coleoptera) of Canada and Alaska. Second edition

Character encoding: UTF-8

Format name: Darwin Core Archive format

Format version: 1.0

Distribution: http://dx.doi.org/10.5886/998dbs2a

Publication date of the data: 2013-12-06

Language: English

Licence of use: Open Government License – Canada, version 2.0 (http://data.gc.ca/eng/open-government-licence-canada#)

Metadata language: English

Date of metadata creation: 2013-09-06

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Additional information

A book which includes a formatted version of the checklist, as well as an index to supraspecific taxa, is also available from Pensoft Publishers.

Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank the following colleagues for providing information on the taxonomy and distribution of Canadian beetles, as well as supplying necessary literature: Miguel Alonso-Zarazaga, Robert Anderson, George Ball, Pierre-Marc Brousseau, Horace Burke, Rob Cannings, Donald Chandler, Claude Chantal, Hume Douglas, Frank Etzler, Bruce Gill, Vasily Grebennikov, James Hammond, Christian Hébert, Henry Hespenheide, Richard Hoebeke, Leland Humble, Michael Ivie, Eduard Jendek, Paul Johnson, Jan Klimaszewski, James LaBonte, Serge Laplante, David Langor, Maxim Larrivée, David Larson, Laurent LeSage, Richard Leschen, Ted MacRae, David Maddison, Christopher Majka, David McCorquodale, Henri Miquet-Sage, Charles O’Brien, Matthew Paulsen, Stewart Peck, Georges Pelletier, Philip Perkins, Keith Philips, John Pinto, Darren Pollock, Jens Prena, Volker Puthz, Michel Racine, Yohann Racine, Karine Savard, Paul Skelley, Aleš Smetana, Andrew Smith, Donald Thomas, Pierre de Tonnancour, Robert Vigneault, Reginald Webster, Charlene Wood, Daniel Young, Adriano Zanetti, and Alicja Zmudzinska-Krzesinska. David Shorthouse assisted with the production of the Darwin Core Archive, his help is greatly appreciated.

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