Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1974 Jun;71(6):2335–2336. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.6.2335

The Derivation of Ecological Relationships from Physical and Chemical Principles

Harold J Morowitz 1
PMCID: PMC388448  PMID: 16592160

Abstract

Organic reaction networks are formalized by representing chemical species as points in a space and representing reactions by connectivity rules. Using the generalized network, the behavior of the system is investigated under conditions of electronically exciting input and output to a thermal reservoir. Under steady-state conditions the system undergoes material cycles of the type shown by the major ecological cycles. A consideration of the attractor nature of the equilibrium state of the system leads to the conclusion that the energetically lowest-lying molecules must be inputs into the material cycles. Certain general features of the ecological system are thus shown to follow from the physical and chemical properties of an organic reaction network.

Keywords: network, cycling theorem, axiomatic organic chemistry, Kirchhoff's current law, nonequilibrium thermodynamics

Full text

PDF
2335

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. DAYHOFF M. O., LIPPINCOTT E. R., ECK R. V. THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIA IN PREBIOLOGICAL ATMOSPHERES. Science. 1964 Dec 11;146(3650):1461–1464. doi: 10.1126/science.146.3650.1461. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Newman S. A., Rice S. A. Model for constraint and control in biochemical networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Jan;68(1):92–96. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.1.92. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Oster G. F., Perelson A. S., Katchalsky A. Network thermodynamics: dynamic modelling of biophysical systems. Q Rev Biophys. 1973 Feb;6(1):1–134. doi: 10.1017/s0033583500000081. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Rider K., Morowitz H. J. The most probable covalent bond distribution in non-equilibrium systemes of an atomic composition characteristic of the biosphere. J Theor Biol. 1968 Nov;21(2):278–291. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(68)90075-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Shear D. An analog of the Boltzmann H-theorem (a Liapunov function) for systems of coupled chemical reactions. J Theor Biol. 1967 Aug;16(2):212–228. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(67)90005-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES