Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1975 Dec;72(12):5071–5075. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.12.5071

Virus-specific neutralization by a soluble non-immunoglobulin factor found naturally in normal mouse sera.

J A Levy, J N Ihle, O Oleszko, R D Barnes
PMCID: PMC388877  PMID: 174092

Abstract

A low-molecular-weight substance found naturally in mouse serum neutralizes mouse xenotropic C-type virus. It has no effect on endogenous ecotropic viruses. This neutralizing factor does not belong to the known immunogloblin classes, and its activity is not associated with the antivirus immunoglobulins that can be detected by radioimmunoprecipitation. Preparations of xenotropic virus absorb out this neutralizing activity in mouse sera. The specificity of this factor for X-tropic virus suggests that it represents a newly recognized type of response of the host to an endogenous virus. Its possible role in the regulation of endogenous C-type viruses is considered.

Full text

PDF
5071

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aaronson S. A., Stephenson J. R. Independent segregation of loci for activation of biologically distinguishable RNA C-type viruses in mouse cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Jul;70(7):2055–2058. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.7.2055. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Aaronson S. A., Stephenson J. R. Widespread natural occurrence of high titers of neutralizing antibodies to a specific class of endogenous mouse type-C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 May;71(5):1957–1961. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.5.1957. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Arnstein P., Levy J. A., Oshiro L. S., Price P. J., Suk W., Lennette E. H. Recovery of murine xenotropic type-C virus from C57L mice. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1974 Dec;53(6):1787–1792. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Callahan R., Lieber M. M., Todaro G. J. Nucleic acid homology of murine xenotropic type C viruses. J Virol. 1975 Jun;15(6):1378–1384. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.6.1378-1384.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chattopadhyay S. K., Lowy D. R., Teich N. M., Levine A. S., Rowe W. P. Evidence that the AKR murine-leukemia-virus genome is complete in DNA of the high-virus AKR mouse and incomplete in the DNA of the "virus-negative" NIH mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Jan;71(1):167–171. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.1.167. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Duc-Nguyen H. Enhancing effect of diethylaminoethyl-dextran on the focus-forming titer of a murine sarcoma virus (Harvey strain). J Virol. 1968 Jun;2(6):643–644. doi: 10.1128/jvi.2.6.643-644.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. FAHEY J. L., MCKELVEY E. M. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN ANTIBODY-AGAR PLATES. J Immunol. 1965 Jan;94:84–90. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gelb L. D., Milstien J. B., Martin M. A., Aaronson S. A. Characterization of murine leukaemia virus-specific DNA present in normal mouse cells. Nat New Biol. 1973 Jul 18;244(133):76–79. doi: 10.1038/newbio244076a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hanna M. G., Jr, Tennant R. W., Yuhas J. M., Clapp N. K., Batzing B. L., Snodgrass M. J. Autogenous immunity to endogenous RNA tumor virus antigens in mice with a low natural incidence of lymphoma. Cancer Res. 1972 Oct;32(10):2226–2234. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Huu Duc-Nguyen, Rosenblum E. N., Zeigel R. F. Persistent infection of a rat kidney cell line with Rauscher murine leukemia virus. J Bacteriol. 1966 Oct;92(4):1133–1140. doi: 10.1128/jb.92.4.1133-1140.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Ihle J. N., Yurconic M., Jr, Hanna M. G., Jr Autogenous immunity to endogenous RNA tumor virus. Radioimmune precipitation assay of mouse serum antibody levels. J Exp Med. 1973 Jul 1;138(1):194–208. doi: 10.1084/jem.138.1.194. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lee J. C., Hanna M. G., Jr, Ihle J. N., Aaronson S. A. Autogenous immunity to endogenous RNA tumor virus: differential reactivities of immunoglobulins M and G to virus envelope antigens. J Virol. 1974 Oct;14(4):773–781. doi: 10.1128/jvi.14.4.773-781.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Levy J. A. Autoimmunity and neoplasia. The possible role of C-type viruses. Am J Clin Pathol. 1974 Aug;62(2):258–280. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/62.2.258. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Levy J. A., Chermann J. C., Jasmin C., Raynaud M. Mise en évidence d'une substance à effet antiviral dans le milieu de culture de cellules de souris NZ. C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1973 Oct 8;277(14):1421–1423. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Levy J. A. Host range of murine xenotropic virus: replication in avian cells. Nature. 1975 Jan 10;253(5487):140–142. doi: 10.1038/253140a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Levy J. A., Kazan P., Varnier O., Kleiman H. Murine xenotropic type C viruses I. Distribution and further characterization of the virus in NZB mice. J Virol. 1975 Oct;16(4):844–853. doi: 10.1128/jvi.16.4.844-853.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Levy J. A., Pincus T. Demonstration of biological activity of a murine leukemia virus of New Zealand black mice. Science. 1970 Oct 16;170(3955):326–327. doi: 10.1126/science.170.3955.326. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Levy J. A. Xenotropic C-type viruses and autoimmune disease. J Rheumatol. 1975 Jun;2(2):135–148. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Levy J. A. Xenotropic viruses: murine leukemia viruses associated with NIH Swiss, NZB, and other mouse strains. Science. 1973 Dec 14;182(4117):1151–1153. doi: 10.1126/science.182.4117.1151. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lieber M. M., Sherr C. J., Todaro G. J. S-tropic murine type-C viruses: frequency of isolation from continuous cell lines, leukemia virus preparations and normal spleens. Int J Cancer. 1974 May 15;13(5):587–598. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910130503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lowy D. R., Rowe W. P., Teich N., Hartley J. W. Murine leukemia virus: high-frequency activation in vitro by 5-iododeoxyuridine and 5-bromodeoxyuridine. Science. 1971 Oct 8;174(4005):155–156. doi: 10.1126/science.174.4005.155. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Mancini G., Carbonara A. O., Heremans J. F. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry. 1965 Sep;2(3):235–254. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(65)90004-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Rowe W. P. Genetic factors in the natural history of murine leukemia virus infection: G. H. A. Clowes Memorial Lecture. Cancer Res. 1973 Dec;33(12):3061–3068. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Rowe W. P., Hartley J. W., Lander M. R., Pugh W. E., Teich N. Noninfectious AKR mouse embryo cell lines in which each cell has the capacity to be activated to produce infectious murine leukemia virus. Virology. 1971 Dec;46(3):866–876. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(71)90087-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Rowe W. P., Pugh W. E., Hartley J. W. Plaque assay techniques for murine leukemia viruses. Virology. 1970 Dec;42(4):1136–1139. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90362-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Shreffler D. C., David C. S. The H-2 major histocompatibility complex and the I immune response region: genetic variation, function, and organization. Adv Immunol. 1975;20:125–195. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60208-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES