TABLE 1.
Demographic Characteristics of Participants at Baseline and Differences in CRC Screening Within Guidelines
| Characteristic | CRC Screening within guidelines | Total no. (%) | OR* | 95% Confidence interval |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No no. (%) | Yes no. (%) | |||||
| Race | White | 76 (46) | 90 (54) | 166 (19) | 1.00 | |
| African American | 360 (52) | 337 (48) | 697 (78) | 0.80 | 0.57,1.14 | |
| Other | 14 (56) | 11(44) | 25 (3) | 0.69 | 0.29,1.63 | |
| Age, y | 50–64 | 175 (51) | 165 (49) | 340 (38) | 1.00 | |
| 65–74 | 127 (48) | 140 (52) | 267 (30) | 1.15 | 0.83,1.60 | |
| 75–84 | 97 (49) | 101 (51) | 198 (22) | 1.10 | 0.77,1.57 | |
| 85+ | 51 (61) | 32 (39) | 83 (9) | 0.63 | 0.38,1.03 | |
| Education | < 8th grade | 179 (54) | 154 (46) | 333 (38) | 1.00 | |
| 9th–10th grade | 151 (52) | 139 (48) | 290 (33) | 1.07 | 0.78,1.48 | |
| High school, GED | 92 (46) | 109 (54) | 201 (23) | 1.34 | 0.93,1.92 | |
| Some college | 27 (44) | 35 (56) | 62 (7) | 1.41 | 0.80,2.46 | |
| Work status | Full/part time | 47 (58) | 34 (42) | 81 (9) | 1.00 | |
| Volunteer/other | 12 (52) | 11 (48) | 23 (3) | 1.11 | 0.43,2.84 | |
| Unemployed | 26 (70) | 11 (30) | 37 (4) | 0.43 | 0.18,1.02 | |
| Retired | 181 (50) | 180 (50) | 361 (41) | 1.30 | 0.79,2.14 | |
| Unable to work | 183 (48) | 202 (52) | 385 (43) | 1.51 | 0.92,2.49 | |
| Marital status | Married/living together | 14 (36) | 25 (64) | 39 (4) | 1.00 | |
| Separated/divorced | 129 (49) | 134 (51) | 263 (30) | 0.58 | 0.28,1.17 | |
| Widowed | 231 (51) | 225 (49) | 456 (52) | 0.54 | 0.27,1.08 | |
| Never married | 75 (60) | 51 (40) | 126 (14) | 0.39† | 0.18,0.83 | |
| Insurance | No | 77 (58) | 55 (42) | 132 (15) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 373 (49) | 382 (51) | 755 (85) | 1.51† | 1.02,2.25 | |
| Medical condition requiring regular visits | No | 197 (63) | 118 (37) | 315 (36) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 253 (44) | 319 (56) | 572 (64) | 1.89† | 1.41,2.53 | |
| Doctor recommended CRC screening | No | 284 (90) | 33 (10) | 317 (36) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 164 (29) | 403 (71) | 567 (64) | 21.9† | 14.7,32.9 | |
| Perceived risk of CRC | Much lower | 73 (56) | 58 (44) | 131 (15) | 1.00 | |
| Somewhat lower | 58 (45) | 70 (55) | 128 (14) | 1.44 | 0.87,2.38 | |
| About the same | 164 (48) | 178 (52) | 342 (39) | 1.21 | 0.80,1.83 | |
| Somewhat higher | 26 (46) | 30(54) | 56 (6) | 1.32 | 0.69,2.49 | |
| Much higher | 3 (15) | 17 (85) | 20 (2) | 7.04† | 1.95,25.5 | |
| Don’t know | 126 (60) | 85 (40) | 211 (24) | 0.89 | 0.56,1.42 | |
| Personal history of polyps | No | 445 (56) | 356 (44) | 801 (91) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 5 (6) | 79 (94) | 84 (9) | 19.3† | 7.59,48.9 | |
| Personal history of CRC | No | 446 (51) | 425 (49) | 871 (99) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 2 (15) | 11 (85) | 13 (1) | 6.33† | 1.38,29.1 | |
CRC indicates colorectal cancer; OR, odds ratio.
*
OR is modeling odds of being within screening guidelines from a generalized linear mixed model with a logit link and binomial error function, adjusting for cycle (1/2) as a linear fixed effect and city as a random effect (with random intercept and slope and an unstructured covariance structure). Denominator degrees of freedom for group-level effects (cycle) were based on the number of observations at the city level.
†
P <.05.